Skeletal muscles provide several functions, including, yet not limited to, voluntary body movement and locomotion, posture and body position, and soft tissue support. Skeletal muscles also play a role in metabolism, requiring energy to facilitate contraction. Each skeletal muscle serves a different purpose despite seeming to perform the same task....
To identify factors limiting 'Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique' maximum cell density and growth rate in pure culture on seawater, the genome sequence of 'Cand. P. ubique' was analyzed, culturing experiments with organic and inorganic nutrient additions were made, and radiotracer uptake experiments were performed. The genome was sequenced, custom data mining...
Vitamin E was first described in 1922 as an unknown factor required for impregnated rats to carry their offspring to term. In fact, when vitamin E was chemically characterized it was given the name "tocopherol" derived from the Greek: tokos = childbirth; phero = to bear; and –ol, indicating an...
Vitamin E (VitE) is necessary for vertebrate embryonic development. VitE prevents lipid peroxidation (LPO), which requires detoxification by cellular antioxidant systems subsequently involving reducing power derived from energy metabolism. Thus, VitE protects metabolic networks in the developing embryo and the integrated gene expression networks compensating for and impaired by LPO-induced...
Oligotrophic bacteria are adapted to low nutrient concentrations. As most of the ocean is oligotrophic (low in nutrients), oligotrophic bacteria thrive in the ocean and make up the majority of planktonic cells. Because of this, oligotrophs are crucial to oceanic nutrient cycles. However, marine oligotrophic bacteria are dwarfed by their...
Fungi are capable of growth on a wide variety of carbon sources, both living and dead. They can produce an arsenal of enzymes and transporters for harvesting sugars, polysaccharides, amino acids, lipids and micronutrients from their environments [1]. Within the nucleus of a cell, transcription factors (TF) control whether genes...
Transcriptomics and gene expression profiling enables the elucidation of the genetic response of an organism to various environmental cues. Transcriptomics enables the deciphering of differences between two closely related organisms to the same environment and in contrast, enables the elucidation of genetic responses of the same organism to different environmental...