American meteorology was synonymous with subjective weather forecasting in the early twentieth century. Controlled by the Weather Bureau and with no academic programs of its own, the few hundred extant meteorologists had no standing in the scientific community. Until the American Meteorological Society was founded in 1919, meteorologists had no...
Apples growing in New Zealand, Argentina, Mexico, Michigan and
Washington were used to provide the compositional data and to
develop the analytical procedures for the use in verification of
authenticity of apple juices.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) techniques were
applied for glucose, fructose, sucrose, sorbitol, malic, citric,
quinic, shikimic,...
Two methods of separating sugars and acids of Bartlett pears
were compared to decide upon a working method for later studies
involving identification and quantitation of sugars and acids during
ripening of pears and in the production and storage of pear concentrate.
The first method involved precipitation of acids with...
Pelargonidin 3-glucoside (pgd 3-glu), pelargonidin 3-sophoroside (pgd 3-soph),
and pelargonidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside acylated with cinnamic and malonic acids
(acyl-pgd 3-soph 5-glu) were extracted from strawberries (Fragaria anannassa cv,
Totem), nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus), and radish peel (Raphanus sativus L.
cv, fuego), respectively. Their stability was studied in natural and model...
Red radish (Raphanus sativus L.) anthocyanins were extracted from liquid
nitrogen powdered epidermal tissue using acetone and chloroform and isolated using
C-18 resin. Chemical structure and conformation of major pigments were elucidated
by 1-D and 2-D NMR, Mass Spectroscopy, HPLC, and spectral analyses. Two novel
di-acylated anthocyanins, pelargonidin 3-0-[2-0-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(6-0- trans-p-coumaroyl-...
Fruit juice concentrates- hard pear, soft pear, fig,
prune, raisin, white grape, and pineapple, and sweeteners-invert
beet, invert cane, and high fructose corn syrup
(HFCS) were characterized by sugar profiles, nonvolatile
acid profiles, UV spectral profiles, and mineral content.
These fruit juices and sweeteners were also used to
adulterate commercial...
Chipping varieties and model systems were used to determine the role of potato
constituents on chip color. Composition was evaluated by HPLC and chip color
measured using a ColorQuest colorimeter. Reducing sugar (RS) content did not
completely explain color quality when present in low concentrations (<60 mg/lOOg).
Levels of ascorbic...
The distribution of anthocyanin pigments and polyphenolics of sweet (Prunus avium) and sour cherries (Prunus cerasus) were determined by Ultraviolet- Visible (UV-Visible) spectrophotometry and High Performance Liquid Chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Their antioxidant properties were determined by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP)....
A method for separation and characterization of individual anthocyanins was
developed. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a polymer based
reversed-phase column was used to separate the pigments while on-line Photodiode
Array Detection (PDA) was employed to record the UV and Visible spectrum of the
individual peaks. Spectral information obtained...