Production of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and aqueous ammonia (NH4 +) from the ammonia chloride (NH4Cl) stream in the Solvay process was studied using an Ammonia Recovery Tower to produce 29 wt % aqueous ammonia and 40 wt % CaCl2 from the process feed stream or the tower bottoms stream. OLI,...
Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) such as vinyl chloride (VC) and 1,-2 dichioroethane (DCA), are wide-spread groundwater pollutants found at many contaminated field sites around the world. Quantitative tools are needed to determine the in situ rates of VC and DCA transformation to ethene in contaminated groundwater. The objective of this...
Specimens of Citharichthys stigmaeus, the speckled sanddab,
were taken from Yaquina Bay, Newport, Oregon and exposed for
eight days to dissolved measured concentrations ranging from 2.9
μg/l to 190 μg/1 of the polychlorinated biphenyl, Aroclor® 1260.
Oxygen consumption was measured to determine any change from
routine levels of respiration. This...
This study evaluated the potential of the aerobic Mycobacterium strain JS6O to grow on a variety of organic acid substrates, and the possible effects an organic acid would have on the degradation rate of vinyl chloride (VC). A series of batch growth tests were designed to determine the time it...
Chloride ion migration was studied under accelerated cathodic protection conditions using 6" x 6" x 6" mortar blocks of varying initial chloride content and water to cement ratios. An iron mesh embedded parallel to one face in the blocks acted as the cathode and zinc was thermally sprayed on the...
This microcosm study demonstrated the enhanced anaerobic transformation of vinyl chloride (VC) to ethylene. A previous microcosm study from Point Mugu site showed the accumulation of VC due to the slow transformation step of VC to ethylene. To overcome the rate-limiting step, two laboratory experiments tested the effect of trichloroethylene...
A gas-permeable-membrane-supported (GPMS) biofilm consisting
of methylotrophic bacteria was effective in degrading chlorinated
methanes, ethanes, and ethenes. The biofilm was developed on a
gas-permeable fabric (Goretex, W.L.Gore & Associates, Elkton,
Maryland) that divided a reactor vessel into a liquid compartment
and a gas compartment. Goretex is a nylon-backed teflon mesh...
Take-all root rot (caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var.
tritici, Ggt) is one of the major diseases limiting winter wheat
yields in western Oregon. Losses caused by take-all (TA) can be
significantly reduced through crop management and fertilization
practices.
Results from field experiments in western Oregon show that the
use of...
Chloride containing fertilizers are used to reduce the severity of take-all root rot of wheat in western Oregon and appear to reduce nitrification in moderately acid soils. Objectives of this study were to determine if nitrification is inhibited by the Cl ion, increasing soil solution ionic strength, or changes in...