Natural resources fields have historically been male-dominated, especially in terms of leadership. Forestry, and more specifically urban forestry, has displayed growth and development as women are being encouraged to enter the field and pursue goals of becoming leaders. One strategy for encouraging women leaders has been offering professional development opportunities....
Small, private forestland owners own about 12% of Oregon’s forestland and have the unique ability to implement innovative forest management activities. In southwest Oregon, extreme ecological variability occurs over small spatial scales and requires fine-scale silvicultural treatments that match the precise ecological setting and management objectives of the forests in...
Disproportionate exposure to exploitative working conditions, social marginalization, and a lack of equitable living conditions are among the many issues that migrant Latinx populations face daily in the United States. However, such issues cannot be addressed by relying solely on traditional academic research approaches without the participation and direction of...
An increase in frequency and severity of hot, dry summers has been associated with a dramatic shift in the coniferous forests of western Oregon’s valleys, especially on the privately-owned properties along the low-elevation edges of these valleys. Various conifer species, including Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), are declining in these forests, leaving...
Co-located mills that share a log resource through a single merchandising
facility are challenged with the task of allocating the costs of joint-products in order to
determine log cost for each mill during a given period. While allocating joint-costs is
inherently arbitrary, some allocation must be made to include raw...
This report presents a nested gauging study of streamflow variability from three sub-catchments (150-200 ha in area) of the Burns Creek catchment (565 ha) in the Entiat Experimental Forest of central Washington State. We test and reject the hypothesis that headwater catchments of this size are composed of physically and...
This study examined the effects of timber harvest and subsoiling on soil physical properties considered important to forest productivity and hydrologic concerns. Ground based mechanical timber harvesting on some soil types can cause soil disturbance including compaction. These effects in turn can influence multiple important soil physical properties that affect...
The Tenino stand, located on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation (WSIR) near Warm Springs, Oregon, is being considered for treatment that will promote longterm forest health, fire resiliency, and wildlife habitat. The management direction for this area is outlined in two WSIR documents: 1) Integrated Resources Management Plan for the...
Operational forest planning is characterized by a lack of formal planning often using only the intuition and experience of the forest planners. There are a number of sources of variability found in operational planning. Like most businesses there is significant variability in the demand forecasts obtained from customers. Forestry differs...
There are many diagnostic approaches to evaluate the nutritional status of a forest stand. "Inference based on site and stand characteristics, visual symptoms, and foliar analysis are suggested to have the greatest utility in routine evaluations, while soil analysis and pot trial techniques should primarily be regarded as research tools...
Operational forest planning is characterized by a lack of formal planning often
using only the intuition and experience of the forest planners. There are a
number of sources of variability found in operational planning. Like most
businesses there is significant variability in the demand forecasts obtained from
customers. Forestry differs...
The three most expensive wildland fire suppression seasons have occurred since 2000, each exceeding $1 billion. Many problems and issues have been highlighted including the grounding of the federal air tanker fleet, training problems with private contractors, overspending, poor management strategies, negative public pefceptions, and the inability to utilize the...
Steel wire rope is used for many logging applications. This material has served the
logging industry well in terms of strength, durability, and longevity; Steel wire rope is
difficult to use because of properties that make it stiff, heavy; and unyielding. These same
properties cause fatigue, exhaustion, and may contribute...
Over the past 15 years, changes in forest-management values have led to an
increase in the amount of planning requirements necessary to complete harvesting
activities. The measurement of forested land areas is typically a large part of
operational plans. In the two studies presented here, new measurement technologies
were examined...
A helicopter operations problem was studied for a private forest landowner testing an
experimental application of minerals on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesil) in the Coast Range
of Oregon to offset growth reductions from Swiss needle cast disease. A planning approach was
needed to minimize costs for transportation and aerial application of...
FishXing (fish crossing), a computer aided stream crossing culvert model designed to analyze fish passage through culverts was compared with results of an Oregon Department of Forestry fish passage monitoring report. FishXing was created at Humboldt State University through sponsorship from the US Forest Service, USDA, Stream Team, Six Rivers...
Understanding how forest roads interact with hillslope hydrology by intercepting and/or rerouting storm runoff will better enable land managers to
reduce erosion related to forest roads. Watershed scale knowledge of how culvert runoff response varies across the landscape would provide valuable
information to those individuals designing and maintaining forest road...
SkidPC 2000, written in Visual Basic Version 6.0, is an updated version of the 1987 DOS program that calculates the mobility and productivity of ground-based logging vehicles over a ground profile. As in the original program, the user enters the vehicle and operational conditions and the program will calculate the...
Evaluating different timber transport configurations for a large road network is a challenging
task. Road curves are often too sharp to allow access to certain configurations. This paper
evaluates the feasibility of using a geographical information system (GIS) road data set as a basis
for determining the accessibility of plantation...
Evaluations were performed on three stream temperature prediction models: Heat
Source 5.6, SSTEMP 3.9, and Brown's equation. Each model was evaluated using data
collected from three Coastal Oregon and two western Cascade streams. Stream temperature
simulations were performed on two forested reaches, one clearcut reach, and one buffered
reach, for...
A set of 119 study trees was identified in a 65 year-old Douglas-fir stand after a thinning operation conducted seven years ago using pre-planned skid trails and groundbased machinery. Some of the trails were tilled using a winged subsoiler after this operation in order to alleviate the effect of compaction...
The current production plan at the Potlatch Hybrid Poplar plantation in eastern Oregon is to haul 8,000 whole trees per day (170,000 bone dry Tons of chips annually) to a centrally located processing facility (CPF) where the poplar will be processed. Harvests begin in 2001 and continue on a seven-year...
Oregon has thousands of culverts along mountainous roads that interact with perennial streams, intermittent streams, and intercepted subsurface flow from hill slopes. Culverts installed at stream crossings are designed to move water under the road and avoid failure of the fill. Similarly, ditch relief culverts transfer water through a road...
This paper documents a study of the potential for using Arc View, a GIS
software program, to evaluate possible interactions between timber harvesting
impacts and recreational uses of adjacent forest roads and trails. Data on
hiking, biking and horse riding was used to define recreational uses on specific
trails. Harvesting...
During the last decades, there has been increasing interest in ground-based mechanized harvesting systems in the western United States as harvest of second growth increased. A major reason for that interest is that labor productivity using conventional methods decreases with smaller tree size. In Turkey, the application of mechanization is...
Large woody debris recruitment to streams from adjacent riparian forests influences stream
channel morphology, sediment routing, and fish habitat. A mathematical model was developed
to 1) determine whether the trees in a stand adjacent to a stream, upon falling, would provide
large woody debris of a specified size to the...
Soil bulk density and disturbance were measured before and after a commercial
thinning of 3 0-50 year-old Douglas-fir using a cut-to-length (CTL) and a skyline system
on the Willamette National Forest in the Oregon Cascades. A dual-probe nuclear
densimeter was used to measure bulk density at four and eight inches....
Forest managers in the Blue Mountains, of northeastern Oregon are currently faced with
vast areas of forests with health problems and high fuel loadings. These conditions
resulted from a combination of insect infestations, past management practices and the
elimination of fire from the local ecosystems. These forests are now overstocked,...
Forest road planning is importaht in logging operations, because it can affect feasibility and cost of forest operations. Due to rapid advances in computer hardware, GIS software, and remote sensing techniques, computer forest road planning models using GIS are becoming practical. DEM data at 30 meter resolution are common and...
With increasing environmental concerns, short harvesting seasons, salvage logging needs, and limited road access, helicopter yarding is becoming attractive to many land managers. Most helicopter yarding has occurred on clearcut or evenaged management areas containing large, valuable timber. Very little helicopter yarding has occurred in stands of smaller, less valuable...
Land managers are increasingly turning to a new tool for visually depicting, analyzing, and communicating the technical aspects of forestry, specifically in the area of timber harvest and unit design. This tool is computer-based image editing software. In the 1980's, it was referred to as image capture technology, or ICT....
The focus of this study centers around the economic, technical, and environmental effects analysis of seven helicopter timber sales on four different national forests in Oregon and Washington. This paper is a constructive critique of these seven sales based on the author's personal observations and data collected from planning documents,...
Land managers in the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon are currently faced with large areas of forest with health problems and extreme levels of fuel loading in the stand and on the forest floor. These conditions resulted from a combination of insect infestations, past management practices and the elimination of...
This study looked at the soil compaction effects
resulting from a cut-to-length harvest system on an area in
the western Cascade Range of Oregon. The cut-to-length
harvest system is a mechanized system in which trees are fell,
deliinbed, and bucked into short log lengths by a mechanical
harvester. Logs are...
Although soil tillage has been used successfully to alleviate compaction of forest soil after logging in a number of management contexts, little is known about the feasibility of tilling in residual stands. In an attempt to weigh the benefits of tillage against possible damage done to residual trees during tillage,...
Alternative silvicultural systems, such as group
selections, have recently come into vogue in the U.S.
Pacific Northwest in response to political and public
pressure against traditional, even-aged silviculture. There
is also interest in silvicultural systems for multiple
resources. Little is known about planning logistics,
operational requirements, and harvest costs for...
Forest managers in recent years have begun to re-examine the
possibilities of using uneven-age silvicultural systems in the
Oregon Coast Range. This increasing interest is being driven by a
variety of forest resource nianagement concerns, including wildlife
habitat diversity, visual aesthetics, and long-term sustained
yield. In an effort to begin...
Skyline logging is a commonly used method of harvesting
logs, particularly on steep slopes. Logging systems
planners frequently solve two kinds of skyline analysis
problems. The first is the maximum payload problem and the
second is the standing skyline load path problem. Computer
assisted skyline analysis techniques have been available...
Tropical island ecosystems have proven to be inordinately vulnerable to invasions by exotic plants and animals. Today these islands only contain small
remnant populations of the original flora and fauna, and these populations are facing increasing pressure from invasive plants. This paper attempts to answer four important questions whose solutions...
Approximately 750 million acres, or one-third, of the total area in the United States is in forest land. The United States Forest Service, a 34,000 person agency of the Department of Agriculture, is responsible for the management of roughly 20 percent of the forest land in the United States. The...
Traditional rationale for design factors is briefly reviewed. Methodologies for determining these traditional design factors are lacking and are usually based upon subjective reasons which result in applying a design factor of 3.0 in all cases (western United States).
Factors which affect wire rope life are discussed. These factors include...
When considering a mechanized harvesting operation, the
harvest planner or researcher is faced with a multitude of modern
equipment choices. A decision support system (DSS) is presented
to assist in selecting the appropriate level of mechanization.
The DSS examines individual machines and formulates mechanized
harvesting systems from them that adequately...
Recent developments in handheld computers now make it possible to improve log value recovery by bucking (cross cutting) a tree into log lengths that maximize its value. The use of a handheld computer allows these decisions to be made at the stump for each individual tree. One program developed for...
Transportation costs compose fifty to sixty percent of
the total operating cost in the forest products industry.
This paper develops a framework for incorporating rail
transportation into a statewide multi-modal transportation
planning model. It will allow for the analysis of various
transportation scenarios that can possibly increase the
efficiency of...
In Pakistan, forest land is either owned by government or at least managed by provincial forest service if it is private land. Timber is logged by contractors and delivered by small four wheel drive trucks over low standard roads to a transfer yard, where it is unloaded to await transport...
A great deal of research has taken place in an effort
to find more economically efficient yarding systems for
commercial thinnings. Almost all of this research has
centered on tractors or small yarders with limited
capabilities in terms of long yarding distances. The
purpose of this study is to determine...
To improve the present state of Forestry and the
condition of forest workers is an important goal to be achieved in developing countries. With the growth of population, demand for wood products is increasing tremendously. Prices have gone up manyfold. One way to meet this demand is to increase productivity...
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of Linear Programming (LP) and
other mathematical procedures to evaluate watershed and perpetuity constraints on forest
land use for a selected scenario in Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. The paper describes
the system of modelling and forecasting estimates of potential timber growth,...