Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

Assessment of the Carbonate Chemistry Seasonal Cycles in the Southern Ocean From Persistent Observational Platforms

Creator:: Williams, N. L., Juranek, L. W., Feely, R. A., Russell, J. L., Johnson, K. S., and Hales, B.
Abstract:: Observations from Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) biogeochemical profiling Argo floats are used to characterize the climatological seasonal cycles and drivers of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2), and the saturation state of aragonite at the surface and at...
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Setup and swash on a natural beach

Creator:: Sallenger, A. H., Jr. and Holman, Robert A.
Abstract:: Wave setup and swash statistics were calculated from 154 runup time series steep beach under incident waves varying from 0.4 to 4.0 m significant wave height. incident wave height, setup, swash height, and total runup (the sum of setup and were found to vary linearly with the surf zone similarity...
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What is the skill of ocean tracers in reducing uncertainties about ocean diapycnal mixing and projections of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation?

Creator:: Schmittner, Andreas, Tonkonojenkov, Roman, Urban, Nathan M., Goes, Marlos, Haran, Murali, and Keller, Klaus
Abstract:: Current projections of the oceanic response to anthropogenic climate forcings are uncertain. Two key sources of these uncertainties are (1) structural errors in current Earth system models and (2) imperfect knowledge of model parameters. Ocean tracer observations have the potential to reduce these uncertainties. Previous studies typically consider each tracer...
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Evolution of 1996-1999 La Niña and El Niño conditions off the western coast of South America: A remote sensing perspective

Creator:: Carr, Mary-Elena, Strub, P. Ted, Thomas, Andrew C., and Blanco, Jose Luis
Abstract:: We present the evolution of oceanographic conditions off the western coast of South America between 1996 and 1999, including the cold periods of 1996 and 1998–1999 and the 1997–1998 El Niño, using satellite observations of sea level, winds, sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophyll concentration. Following a period of cold...
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Comment on "seasonal variation in wind speed and sea state from global satellite measurements"

Creator:: Chelton, Dudley B.
Abstract:: In a recent paper, Sandwell and Agreen [1984; hereafter SA] presented figures of global seasonal wind speed and sea state as measured by the GEOS 3 satellite altimeter. Since that time, Chelton and McCabe [1985; hereafter CM] have found that problems exist in the algorithms used to retrieve wind speed...
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Modeling upwelling circulation off the Oregon coast

Creator:: Gan, Jianping and Allen, John S.
Abstract:: Time‐dependent, three‐dimensional, upwelling circulation on the continental shelf off the Oregon coast is studied using a primitive equation numerical model. A limited area domain with a high‐resolution curvilinear grid is utilized. The response of the coastal ocean to forcing by observed wind stress and heat flux during the summer 2001...
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Forcing a three-dimensional, hydrostatic, primitive-equation model for application in the surf zone : 2. application to DUCK94

Creator:: Newberger, P. A. and Allen, John S.
Abstract:: A three‐dimensional primitive‐equation model for application to the nearshore surf zone has been developed. This model, an extension of the Princeton Ocean Model (POM), predicts the wave‐averaged circulation forced by breaking waves. All of the features of the original POM are retained in the extended model so that applications can...
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Assimilation of surface velocity data into a primitive equation coastal ocean model

Creator:: Oke, Peter R., Allen, John S., Miller, Robert N., Egbert, Gary D., and Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-
Abstract:: A data assimilation system (DAS) of the wind‐driven, mesoscale shelf circulation off the Oregon coast is developed. The DAS assimilates low‐pass filtered surface velocity measurements, obtained from land‐based high‐frequency coastal radar arrays, into a primitive equation coastal ocean model using a sequential optimal interpolation scheme. Inhomogeneous and anisotropic estimates of...
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A modeling study of shelf circulation off northern California in the region of the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment 2. Simulations and comparisons with observations

Creator:: Gan, Jianping and Allen, John S.
Abstract:: This is the second part of a modeling study of wind-forced flow on the continental shelf off northern California in the region (37°-40°N) of the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment (CODE). Gan and Allen [2002] analyzed the shelf flow response to idealized wind stress forcing in a process-oriented study. The study...
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Role of morphologic feedback in surf zone sandbar response

Creator:: Plant, Nathaniel G., Freilich, Michael H., and Holman, Robert A.
Abstract:: Several aspects of feedback mechanisms associated with surf zone sandbar response have been characterized using bathymetric surveys, sampled approximately monthly over a 16-year period at the Army Corps of Engineers' Field Research Facility (North Carolina). The measured bathymetry was alongshore averaged and modeled by the superposition of two Gaussian-shaped sandbars...
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Numerical modeling of the global semidiurnal tide in the present day and in the last glacial maximum

Creator:: Egbert, Gary D., Ray, Richard D., and Bills, Bruce G.
Abstract:: A hydrodynamic model incorporating a self‐consistent treatment of ocean self‐attraction and loading (SAL), and a physically based parameterization of internal tide (IT) drag, is used to assess how accurately barotropic tides can be modeled without benefit of data, and to explore tidal energetics in the last glacial maximum (LGM). M2...
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Tidal currents on the central Oregon shelf : models, data, and assimilation

Creator:: Erofeeva, Svetlana Y., Egbert, Gary D., and Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-
Abstract:: Measurements of tidal currents on the central Oregon shelf are available from several sources, including recent high frequency (HF) coastal radar and Acoustic Doppler Profiler (ADP) deployments, and historical current moorings. In this paper we use a generalized inverse (GI) approach to compare these data to, and then assimilate them...
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Numerical experiments on the effects of a meridional ridge on the transmission of energy by barotropic Rossby waves

Creator:: Matano, Ricardo P.
Abstract:: Analytical and numerical models are used to study the effects of a meridional ridge on the propagation of barotropic Rossby waves produced by distant wind stress forcing. The analytical model illustrates the qualitative aspects of the problem by solving a simplified form of the potential vorticity equation. The analytical results...
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A numerical study of the upwelling circulation off central Chile

Creator:: Mesias, Jorge M., Matano, Ricardo P., and Strub, P. Ted
Abstract:: We present a modeling study of the upwelling ocean circulation off central Chile (34°–40°S). Using a primitive equation model, we make a numerical simulation of the ocean circulation for summer of 1993, a year characterized by moderate but persistent equatorward winds. The results indicate the formation of an eastern boundary...
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Formation and pathways of the intermediate water in the Parallel Ocean Circulation Model's Southern Ocean

Creator:: Schouten, Mathijs W. and Matano, Ricardo P.
Abstract:: The formation mechanisms and pathways of intermediate water in the Southern Ocean are analyzed from output of a high-resolution ocean general circulation model. Deep winter mixed layer formation in the Southern Ocean is diagnosed from the model results and is found to be mostly consistent with observations. Diapycnal water mass...
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Chlorophyll enchancement and mixing associated with meanders of the shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight

Creator:: Ryan, J. P., Yoder, J. A., Barth, John A., and Cornillon, P. C.
Abstract:: Meanders of the shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) during April and May of 1997 were associated with chlorophyll enhancement along a hydrographic and a topographic feature. The hydrographic feature was the surface outcrop of the front, which ranged from ~10 to >100 km seaward of the shelf...
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The front on the Northern Flank of Georges Bank in spring : 2. Cross-frontal fluxes and mixing

Creator:: Ullman, David S., Dale, Andrew C., Hebert, Dave, and Barth, John A.
Abstract:: Hydrographic observations made with an undulating vehicle carrying a CTD and concurrent shipboard ADCP velocity observations over a 12‐day period are combined to investigate vertical mixing and cross‐frontal fluxes on the Northern Flank of Georges Bank. The CTD density time series is analyzed to detect the presence of vertical overturns,...
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Drifter observations of a cold filament off Point Arena, California, in July 1988

Creator:: Swenson, Mark S., Niiler, Pearn P., Brink, Kenneth H., and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: We use the position fixes and temperature readings from 56 Tristar-II mixed-layer drifters, in conjunction with advanced very high resolution radiometer images, to provide a description of the mesoscale variability of the flows associated with cold-water filaments in the California Current system off northern California in July 1988. We find...
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Tidal and atmospheric forcing of the upper ocean in the Gulf of California, Part 2: Surface heat flux

Creator:: Paden, Cynthia A., Winant, Clinton D., and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: Satellite infrared imagery and coastal meteorological data for March 1984 through February 1985 are used to estimate the net annual surface heat flux for the northern Gulf of California. The average annual surface heat flux for the area north of Guaymas and Santa Rosalia is estimated to be +74 W...
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Role of late winter mesoscale events in the biogeochemical variability of the upper water column of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Creator:: Letelier, Ricardo M., Karl, David M., Abbott, Mark R., Flament, P., Freilich, Michael H., Lukas, Roger, and Strub, P. Ted
Abstract:: Continuous records of upper water column (0–150 m) temperature profiles, spectral distribution of downwelling irradiance, and phytoplankton solar-induced fluorescence at 25 m depth were obtained during the inaugural deployment of the Hawaii Air-sea Logging Experiment, A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment (HALE ALOHA) mooring, near the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) Station...
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Seasonal and non-seasonal variability of satellite-derived surface pigment concentration in the California Current

Creator:: Strub, P. Ted, James, Corinne, Thomas, A. C., and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: Satellite-derived pigment concentrations from the west coast time series (WCTS) are averaged into monthly mean fields over the California Current system (CCS) for the period July 1979 to June 1986. Errors caused by the scattering algorithm used in the WCTS are reduced by an empirical correction function, although winter values...
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Analysis and comparison of three ecosystem models

Creator:: Newberger, Priscilla A., Allen, John S., and Spitz, Yvette
Abstract:: Three-component (NPZ), four-component (NPZD), and five-component (NNPZD) nitrogen-based ecosystem models are compared. The fixed points of the zerodimensional systems, with no spatial variation except light attenuation by water, are determined. A linear-stability analysis shows that unstable steady solutions exist for all three models. Time-periodic solutions are found in these regions....
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Seasonal renewal of the California Current: The spring transition off California

Creator:: Lynn, Ronald J., Bograd, Steven J., Chereskin, Teresa K., and Huyer, Adriana, 1945-
Abstract:: A pair of high-resolution oceanographic surveys in March and April 1995 revealed a large and rapid transition from late winter to spring conditions in the coastal zone off central and southern California. These data are unique in capturing the detailed three-dimensional physical structure of and biological response to the spring...
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Mixing of chlorophyll from the Middle Atlantic Bight cold pool into the Gulf Stream at Cape Hatteras in July 1993

Creator:: Wood, A. Michelle, Sherry, Nelson D., and Huyer, Adriana, 1945-
Abstract:: In July 1993 we collected hydrographic data and information on chlorophyll distribution on the continental shelf north of Cape Hatteras and across the shelf break at Cape Hatteras. The data show that a warm, transparent mixed layer lies over much colder, euphotic, chlorophyll-rich bottom water on the shelf. This layer...
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Location and dynamics of the Antarctic Polar Front from satellite sea surface temperature data

Creator:: Moore, J. Keith, Abbott, Mark R., and Richman, James G.
Abstract:: The location of the Antarctic Polar Front (PF) was mapped over a 7-year period (1987-1993) within images of satellite-deprived sea surface temperature. The mean path of the PF is strongly steered by the topographic features of the Southern Ocean. The topography places vorticity constraints on the dynamics of the PF...
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Time Evolution of Surface Chlorophyll Patterns From Cross-Spectrum Analysis of Satellite Color Images

Creator:: Denman, Kenneth L. and Abbott, Mark R.
Abstract:: Sequences of coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) images from the offshore region adjacent to Vancouver Island, Canada, have been analyzed to estimate the time rate of decorrelation of surface phytoplankton chlorophyll pigment patterns. In these high-latitude, high-pigment areas, CZCS-derived pigment estimates were lower than those obtained from ship samples by...
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Observations of Phytoplankton and Nutrients from a Lagrangian Drifter off Northern California

Creator:: Abbott, Mark R., Brink, Kenneth H., Booth, D. R., Blasco, Dolors, Codispoti, L. A., Niiler, Pearn P., and Ramp, Steven R.
Abstract:: A Lagrangian drifter was deployed in a cold filament off northern California as part of the Coastal Transition Zone program. The drifter was equipped with an optical package (consisting of a spectroradiometer, a fluorometer, and a beam transmissometer) suspended at 8.5-m depth and a water sampler suspended at 16.3-m depth....
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Impact of tide-topography interactions on basal melting of Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica

Creator:: Mueller, R. D., Padman, L., Dinniman, M. S., Erofeeva, S. Y., Fricker, H. A., and King, M. A.
Abstract:: Basal melting of ice shelves around Antarctica contributes to formation of Antarctic Bottom Water and can affect global sea level by altering the offshore flow of grounded ice streams and glaciers. Tides influence ice shelf basal melt rate (w(b)) by contributing to ocean mixing and mean circulation as well as...
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Satellite-based detection and monitoring of phytoplankton blooms along the Oregon coast

Creator:: McKibben, S. M., Strutton, P. G., Foley, D. G., Peterson, T. D., and White, A. E.
Abstract:: We have applied a normalized difference algorithm to 8 day composite chlorophyll-a (CHL) and fluorescence line height (FLH) imagery obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard the Aqua spacecraft in order to detect and monitor phytoplankton blooms in the Oregon coastal region. The resulting bloom products, termed CHL[subscript rel]...
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The role of turbulence stress divergence in decelerating a river plume

Creator:: Kilcher, Levi F., Nash, Jonathan D., and Moum, James N.
Abstract:: Turbulence controls the composition of river plumes through mixing and alters the plume's trajectory by diffusing its momentum. While believed to play a crucial role in decelerating river-source waters, the turbulence stress in a near-field river plume has not previously been observationally quantified. In this study, finely resolved density, velocity,...
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Photosynthetic Characteristics and Estimated Growth Rates Indicate Grazing Is the Proximate Control of Primary Production in the Equatorial Pacific

Creator:: Cullen, John J., Lewis, Marlon R., Davis, Curtiss O., and Barber, Richard T.
Abstract:: Macronutrients persist in the surface layer of the equatorial Pacific Ocean because the production of phytoplankton is limited; the nature of this limitation has yet to be resolved. Measurements of photosynthesis as a function of irradiance (P-I) provide information on the control of primary productivity, a question of great biogeochemical...
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Scales of variability of bio-optical properties as observed from near-surface drifters

Creator:: Abbott, Mark R., Brink, Kenneth H., Booth, C. R., Blasco, Dolors, Swenson, Mark S., Davis, Curtiss O., and Codispoti, L. A.
Abstract:: A drifter equipped with bio-optical sensors and an automated water sampler was deployed in the California Current as part of the coastal transition zone program to study the biological, chemical, and physical dynamics of the meandering filaments. During deployments in 1987 and 1988, measurements were made of fluorescence, downwelling irradiance,...
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Interannual variability of Great Lakes ice cover and its relationship to NAO and ENSO

Creator:: Bai, Xuezhi, Wang, Jia, Sellinger, Cynthia, Clites, Anne, and Assel, Raymond
Abstract:: The impacts of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Great Lakes ice cover were investigated using lake ice observations for winters 1963–2010 and National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data. It is found that both NAO and ENSO have impacts on Great Lakes ice cover. The...
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Effects of stencil width on surface ocean geostrophic velocity and vorticity estimation from gridded satellite altimeter data

Creator:: Arbic, Brian K., Scott, Robert B., Chelton, Dudley B., Richman, James G., and Shriver, Jay F.
Abstract:: This paper examines the effect of “stencil width” on surface ocean geostrophic velocity and vorticity estimated from differentiating gridded satellite altimeter sea surface height products. In oceanographic applications, the value of the first derivative at a central grid point is generally obtained by differencing the sea surface heights at adjacent...
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An interlaboratory comparison of techniques for extracting and analyzing trapped gases in ice cores

Creator:: Sowers, Todd, Brook, Edward J., Etheridge, David, Blunier, Thomas, Fuchs, Andreas, Leuenberger, Markus, Chappellaz, Jerome, Barnola, Jean Marc, Wahlen, Martin, Deck, Bruce, and Weyhenmeyer, Connie
Abstract:: We undertook an interlaboratory comparison of techniques used to extract and analyze trapped gases in ice cores. The intercomparison included analyses of standard reference gases and samples of ice from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) site. Concentrations of CO₂, CH₄, the δ¹⁸O of O₂, the δ¹⁵N of N₂,...
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Ocean circulation and properties in Petermann Fjord, Greenland

Creator:: Johnson, H. L., Münchow, A., Falkner, K. K., and Melling, H.
Abstract:: The floating ice shelf of Petermann glacier interacts directly with the ocean and is thought to lose at least 80% of its mass through basal melting. Based on three opportunistic ocean surveys in Petermann Fjord we describe the basic oceanography: the circulation at the fjord mouth, the hydrographic structure beneath...
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Structure and dynamics of the Columbia River tidal plume front

Creator:: Kilcher, Levi F. and Nash, Jonathan D.
Abstract:: Time‐dependent buoyant plumes form at the outflow of tidally dominated estuaries. When estuary discharge velocity exceeds plume internal wave speed c, a sharp front forms at the plume’s leading edge that expands from the time‐dependent source. Using observations of the Columbia River tidal plume from multiple tidal cycles we characterize...
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Internal‐tide energy over topography

Creator:: Kelly, S. M., Nash, J. D., and Kunze, E.
Abstract:: The method used to separate surface and internal tides ultimately defines properties such as internal‐tide generation and the depth structure of internal‐tide energy flux. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of several surface‐/internal‐tide decompositions over arbitrary topography. In all decompositions, surface‐tide velocity is expressed as the depth average of total...
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Mode 2 waves on the continental shelf : ephemeral components of the nonlinear internal wavefield

Creator:: Shroyer, E. L., Moum, J. N., and Nash, J. D.
Abstract:: Shoreward propagating, mode 2 nonlinear waves appear sporadically in mooring records obtained off the coast of New Jersey in the summer of 2006. Individual mode 2 packets were tracked between two moorings separated by 1 km; however, packets could not be tracked between moorings separated by greater distances from one...
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What is the skill of ocean tracers in reducing uncertainties about ocean diapycnal mixing and projections of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation?

Creator:: Goes, Marlos, Urban, Nathan M., Tonkonojenkov, Roman, Haran, Murali, Schmittner, Andreas, and Keller, Klaus
Abstract:: Current projections of the oceanic response to anthropogenic climate forcings are uncertain. Two key sources of these uncertainties are (1) structural errors in current Earth system models and (2) imperfect knowledge of model parameters. Ocean tracer observations have the potential to reduce these uncertainties. Previous studies typically consider each tracer...
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The spring transition in currents over the Oregon continental shelf

Creator:: Huyer, Adrianna, 1945-, Sobey, E. J. C., and Smith, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1935-
Abstract:: Current meter moorings maintained over the Oregon continental shelf in 1973 and 1975 clearly show the difference between winter and spring oceanographic regimes and the rapid transition between the regimes. In winter the mean alongshore current is northward at all depths and strongest near shore; there is no mean vertical...
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Horizontal transport and the distribution of nutrients in the coastal transition zone off Northern California: effects on primary production, phytoplankton biomass and species composition

Creator:: Chavez, Francisco P., Barber, Richard T., Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, Huyer, Adriana, 1945-, Ramp, Steven R., Stanton, Timothy P., and Rojas de Mendiola, Blanca
Abstract:: Conductivity‐temperature‐depth surveys during 1988 encountered strong baroclinic jets that were evident in acoustic Doppler current profiler and hydrographic data. During June and July 1988 a filament with high surface nitrate, high chlorophyll, abundant populations of neritic centric diatoms, and higher rates of primary production was evident perpendicular to the coast...
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Estimation of surface winds from upward looking acoustic doppler current profilers

Creator:: Brown, J., Barton, E.D., Trasvina, A., Velez, H.S., Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, and Smith, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1935-
Abstract:: Three upward looking acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) were deployed beneath meteorological buoys in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico, during winter 1988-1989. Hourly averaged wind speed data from the buoys and from ship when in the vicinity were compared with surface acoustic backscatter intensity recorded at the ADCPs. The backscatter...
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Structure of the coastal current field off Northern California during the coastal ocean dynamics experiment

Creator:: Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-
Abstract:: For 74 days during the spring and summer upwelling seasons of 1981 and 1982, in conjunction with the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment, profiles of upper ocean currents were collected in the waters over the shelf and slope off northern California using a shipboard Doppler acoustic log. These measurements provide detailed...
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Offshore wind forcing in the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico: the asymmetric circulation

Creator:: Trasviña, A., Barton, E.D., Brown, J., Velez, H.S., Kosro, P. Michael, 1951-, and Smith, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1935-
Abstract:: Since the early surveys carried out by the Eastern Tropical Pacific (EASTROPIC) and Scripps Tuna Oceanographic Research (STOR) projects in the tropical Pacific off Mexico, the northerly winds which blow over the Gulf of Tehuantepec were described as an Important factor controlling the dynamics of this coastal ocean. In January-February...
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Sea surface drag coefficients in the Risø Air Sea Experiment

Creator:: Mahrt, Larry, Vickers, Dean, Howell, Jim, Hojstrup, Jorgen, Wilczak, James M., Edson, Jim, and Hare, Jeffrey
Abstract:: This study examines the dependence of the computed drag coefficient on wind speed, stability, fetch, flux sampling problems, and method of calculation of the drag coefficient. The analysis is applied to data collected at a tower 2 km off the coast of Denmark during the Risø Air Sea Experiment (RASEX)....
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Sea-surface aerodynamic roughness

Creator:: Mahrt, Larry, Vickers, Dean, Fredrickson, Paul, Davidson, Ken, and Smedman, Ann-Sofi
Abstract:: This study surveys and evaluates similarity theory for estimating the sea-surface drag coefficient with the bulk aerodynamic method. The most commonly used formulations of the aerodynamic roughness length, required by similarity theory, are examined using data sets from four different field programs. These relationships include the Charnock formulation and the...
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Correction to "Dynamics of mean and subtidal flow on the New England shelf"

Creator:: Shearman, R. Kipp and Lentz, Steven J.
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Alongshore currents and mesoscale variability near the shelf edge off northwestern Australia

Creator:: Brink, K. H., Bahr, Frank, and Shearman, R. Kipp
Abstract:: Shelf break conditions and alongshore flow off northwestern Australia are studied during the strongly evaporative conditions of austral winter 2003. Present results, along with those of previous authors, confirm that a poleward, fresh Leeuwin current core is normally found near the shelf break. Salinity increases alongshore toward the southwest. Although...
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The Batchelor spectrum and dissipation in the upper ocean

Creator:: Dillon, Thomas M. and Caldwell, Douglas R.
Abstract:: Observations of vertical temperature microstructure at ocean station P during the mixed layer experiment (Mile) indicate that the shape of the high-frequency temperature gradient spectrum depends on the relative strengths of turbulence and stratification. For low Cox number ((dT/dz)²)/ (dT/dz)²• the linear range of the Batchelor spectrum is not well...
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