This article analyzes how this transition occurred and what significant developments took place that allowed beer and ale to become a tradable and profitable good on the European market. Specifically, it examines the development of brewing as a tripartite progression: (a) that beer and ale were brewed in the 3...
Ocean acidification is negatively impacting organisms that use calcium carbonate to form their shells. Increasing OA conditions are putting a strain on these calcareous animals by weakening their shells, thus causing them to become more vulnerable to predation. Worsening shell integrity may lead to a decline in hard-shelled prey populations...
The study related the density of herbivores to the length and density of Prionitis spp. in Oregon’s coastal tidepools. Oregon’s coastal rocky intertidal tidepools contain a variety of species interactions, including algal grazing by herbivores. The red branched algae Prionitis spp. is found throughout the rocky intertidal in the low...