The Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) is in decline in the Columbia River Basin, and translocating adult lamprey to bypass difficult migration corridors has been implemented since 2000. We describe and report results from two current translocation programs, provide context for use of translocation, and discuss potential benefits, risks, and uncertainties....
Polycrystalline ferroelectric lead-free 85 mol% (Bi₀.₅Na₀.₅)TiO₃–10 mol% (Bi₀.₅K₀.₅)TiO₃–5 mol% BaTiO₃ (85BNT–10BKT–5BT) thin films were fabricated via chemical solution deposition on platinized silicon substrates. The permittivity and dielectric loss at 1 kHz were 610 and ∼3.5%, respectively. The ferroelectric properties at room temperature and as a function of the temperature up...
Many wind-power facilities in the United States have established effective monitoring programs to determine turbine-caused fatality rates of birds and bats, but estimating the number of fatalities of rare species poses special difficulties. The loss of even small numbers of individuals may adversely affect fragile populations, but typically, few (if...
This work advances a unified approach to process-based hydrologic modeling to enable controlled and systematic evaluation of multiple model representations (hypotheses) of hydrologic processes and scaling behavior. Our approach, which we term the Structure for Unifying Multiple Modeling Alternatives (SUMMA), formulates a general set of conservation equations, providing the flexibility...
The relationships of the unusual salticid spider Depreissia from central Africa and Borneo have been difficult to resolve, obscured by its highly modified ant-like body. Phylogenetic analysis of the gene 28S strongly supports its placement outside the major clade Salticinae and within the clade of cocalodines, spartaeines and lapsiines, with...
Lead-free Bi(Mg₁/₂Ti₁/₂)O₃-(Bi₁/₂K₁/₂)TiO₃-(Bi₁/₂Na₁/₂)TiO₃ (BMT-BKT-BNT) ceramics have
been shown to exhibit large electromechanical strains under high electric fields along with
negligible fatigue under strong electric fields. To investigate the role of point defects on the
fatigue characteristics, the composition 5BMT-40BKT-55BNT was doped to incorporate acceptor and
donor defects on the A and...
In order to develop dielectric ceramics with temperature-stable permittivity characteristics, perovskite BaTiO[subscript 3]-Bi(Zn[subscript 1/2]Ti[subscript 1/2])O-[subscript 3]-NaNbO[subscript 3] ceramic solid solutions were investigated with a particular focus on effects of BaTiO[subscript 3] and NaNbO[subscript 3] contents on the dielectric properties of ternary compounds. Keeping the ratios of the other two constituents...
A near-large-eddy simulation approach with size-revolving (bin) microphysics is employed to evaluate the relative sensitivity of southeast Pacific marine boundary layer cloud properties to thermodynamic and aerosol parameters. Simulations are based on a heavily drizzling cloud system observed by the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown during the Variability of the...
The defect mechanisms that underpin the high energy density dielectric 0.8BaTiO₃–0.2Bi(Zn₁/₂Ti₁/₂) O₃ were investigated. Characterization of the nominally stoichiometric composition revealed the presence of a Ti³⁺-related defect center, which is correlated with lower resistivities and an electrically heterogeneous microstructure. In compositions with 2 mol. % Ba-deficiency, a barium vacancy-oxygen vacancy...
Thoreau's experiment at Walden Pond reveals two potentially contradictory desires, one of which can be linked to agrarian reform, and the other to ecological knowledge. Thoreau conceived his Walden project in a cultural milieu in which agrarian reform was receiving incrasing attention, and the Walden experiments was, in important ways,...