This article describes the results of numerical experiments carried out with a general circulation ocean model to investigate the effect of the seasonal cycle of the wind forcing on the Agulhas transport. Two cases are described. The first was initialized with temperature and salinity values obtained by horizontally averaging Levitus...
Nonlinear mesoscale eddies can influence biogeochemical cycles in the upper ocean through vertical and horizontal advection of nutrients and marine organisms. The relative importance of these two processes depends on the polarity of an eddy (cyclones versus anticyclones) and the initial biological conditions of the fluid trapped in the core...
Successful crop production depends initially on the availability of high-quality seed. By 2050 global climate change will have influenced crop yields, but will these changes affect seed quality? The present review examines the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO₂) and temperature during seed production on three seed quality components: seed...
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), was compared to dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) and combinations of three environmental PAH mixtures (coal tar, diesel particulate and cigarette smoke condensate) using a two stage, FVB/N mouse skin tumor model. DBC (4 nmol) was most potent, reaching 100% tumor incidence with a shorter latency...
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) were not recognized as a family of enzymes until the 1990s but are now known to be the dominant peroxidases in most organisms. Here, the history and fundamental properties of peroxiredoxins are briefly reviewed, with a special focus on describing how an exquisitely tunable balance between fully folded...
Sustaining forest resources requires a better understanding of forest ecosystem processes, and how management decisions and climate change may affect these processes in the future. While plot and inventory data provide our most detailed information on forest carbon, energy, and water cycling, applying this understanding to broader spatial and temporal...
Velocity time series are used to study cross-shelf circulation on the northern California shelf and to examine classical ideas of locally wind-forced cross-shelf circulation. A simple linear two-dimensional model of cross-shelf transport is compared to estimates of cross-shelf transport in the near surface, interior, and near bottom. In winter, when...
Lagrangian particle-tracking models (LPTMs) were used to identify sources, destinations, and transport pathways of particles (plankton). The LPTM simulations were forced using stored fields from the Spectral Element Ocean Model simulation for a coastal upwelling system having idealized geometry, bathymetry, and simple wind forcing. Forward-in-time-trajectory (FITT) simulations are common in...