We sought to improve net ecosystem exchange (NEE) estimates for a tall, dense, mature Douglas-Fir forest in the Oregon Coast range characterized by weak flows, systematic wind directional shear, and limited turbulent mixing throughout the diurnal period. We used eddy covariance (EC) observations at two levels and concurrent biological measurements...
n situ soil moisture monitoring networks are critical to the development of soil moisture remote sensing missions as well as agricultural and environmental management, weather forecasting, and many other endeavors. These in situ networks utilize a variety of sensors and installation practices, which confounds the development of a unified reference...
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published December 1961. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Patterns of social interaction influence how knowledge is generated, communicated,
and applied. Theories of social capital and organizational learning suggest that
interactions within disciplinary or functional groups foster communication of
knowledge, whereas interactions across groups foster generation of new knowledge.
We used social network analysis to examine patterns of social...
The binding energies of n < 100 carbon clusters are calculated using the ab initio density functional theory code
Quantum Espresso. Carbon cluster geometries are determined using several levels of classical techniques and further
refined using density functional theory. The resulting energies are used to compute the work of cluster...
Published May 1989. Reprinted January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Most studies to date in the humid tropics have described a similar pattern of rapid translation of rainfall to runoff via overland flow and shallow subsurface stormflow. However, study sites have been few overall, and one particular system has received very little attention so far: tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF)...
Published January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This paper provides a cross-layer analysis of uplink performance in femtocell networks. It characterizes the uplink physical
interference in femtocell networks and studies its impact on the delay and data loss rate of constant-bit-rate (CBR) traffic, as well
as on the maximum achievable femto-user throughput. Our work derives data-link layer...
One of the important ‘hallmarks’ of cancer is angiogenesis, which is the process of formation of new blood vessels that are necessary for tumor expansion, invasion and metastasis. Under normal physiological conditions, angiogenesis is well balanced and controlled by endogenous proangiogenic factors and antiangiogenic factors. However, factors produced by cancer...
We report thermal conductivities, thermal diffusivities, and volumetric heat capacities determined by a transient plane
heat source method for four whole-round core samples obtained by the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project/Integrated
Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343. These thermal properties are necessary for the interpretation of a temperature
anomaly detected in...
Re-introduction of large wood for expanding hydraulic variability is an increasingly common practice, yet it is not yet known what elements of hydraulic variability are most beneficial to fish. In an experiment designed to emphasize the minimization of energy expenditure through controlled predation and drift, we investigated whether juvenile coho,...
Swiss needle cast (SNC), an important fungal disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), has increased in severity throughout its natural and introduced range over the last half century. The role of climate change and forest management practices in the increase is unclear. We analyzed tree-ring chronologies from six late-successional...
Over the last three decades the first-order correlation in morphology and orientation of seamount trails
has been called upon to support the concept of a ‘‘fixed’’ Pacific hot spot frame of reference and to explain
the Hawaii-Emperor bend (HEB) by a dramatic change in Pacific plate motion. In this paper,...
Anadromous Oncorhynchus mykiss (steelhead) express diverse migratory behaviors and life history strategies. Adult migration timing diversity within steelhead is often categorized into divergent early- and late-migration phenotypes. On the Rogue River in Oregon, adult steelhead return from the ocean during distinct early-summer, late-summer, and winter runs. Additionally, some juvenile steelhead...
We used an in situ steady state ¹⁵N-labeled nitrate (¹⁵NO₃⁻) and acetate (AcO⁻) well-to-wells injection experiment to determine how the availability of labile dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as AcO⁻ influences microbial denitrification in the hyporheic zone of an upland (third-order) agricultural stream. The experimental wells receiving conservative (Cl⁻ and Br)...
Analysis of suspended particulate material (SPM) collected from the Columbia River and its estuary in 2007–2008 revealed the ubiquitous presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from several distinct sources. The two dominant ones were: (1) a suite of non-alkylated, three to five-ringed compounds derived from high temperature combustion and (2)...
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are considered to be important contributors to the primitive dust enrichment of the interstellar medium in the high-redshift universe. Theoretical models of dust formation in stellar explosions have so far provided controversial results and a generally poor fit to the observations of dust formation in local supernovae....
This paper examines the U.S. meat demand impacts of the announced outbreaks of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and avian influenza (AI). Findings indicate that beef and chicken demand was negatively affected by BSE and AI disease outbreaks. Specifically, in the short run, U.S. consumers shift demand due to both outbreaks...
AIM:
Meta-community structure is a function of both local (site-specific) and regional (landscape-level) ecological factors, and the relative importance of each may be mediated by the dispersal ability of organisms. Here, we used aquatic invertebrate communities to investigate the relationship between local and regional factors in explaining distance decay relationships...
Since nucleic acids were first extracted directly from the environment and sequenced, metagenomics has grown to one of the most data-rich and pervasive techniques for understanding the taxonomic and functional diversity of microbial communities. In the last decade, cheaper sequencing has democratized the application of metagenomics and generated billions of...
We report the development of a numerical model simulating vertical movement of the
cyanobacterium Trichodesmium spp. Given a range of physiological parameters derived from the literature,
resultant model solutions allow us to explore the ecological significance of vertical migration
by Trichodesmium colonies in a stratified oligotrophic oceanic system such as...
Carnivore predation on livestock often leads people to retaliate. Persecution by humans has contributed strongly to global endangerment of carnivores. Preventing livestock losses would help to achieve three goals common to many human societies: preserve nature, protect animal welfare, and safeguard human livelihoods. Between 2016 and 2018, four independent reviews...
In this work we examine the dispersion of conservative tracers (bromide and fluorescein) in an experimentally constructed three-dimensional dual-porosity porous medium, and in the absence of adjustable parameters. The medium is highly heterogeneous (σ2 Y = 5.7), and consists of spherical, low-hydraulic-conductivity inclusions embedded in a high-hydraulic-conductivity matrix. The bi-modal...
We use flux, dissolution, and excess ²³⁰Th data from the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and Manganese Nodule Project equatorial Pacific study Site C to assess the extent of sediment focusing in the equatorial Pacific. Measured mass accumulation rates (MAR) from sediment cores were compared to reconstructed MAR by multiplying...
In eukaryotes, RNA silencing pathways utilize 20-30-nucleotide small RNAs to regulate gene expression, specify and maintain chromatin structure, and repress viruses and mobile genetic elements. RNA silencing was likely present in the common ancestor of modern eukaryotes, but most research has focused on plant and animal RNA silencing systems. Phytophthora...
In 2008, Stodden and colleagues took a unique developmental approach toward addressing the potential role of motor competence in promoting positive or negative trajectories of physical activity, health-related fitness, and weight status. The conceptual model proposed synergistic relationships among physical activity, motor competence, perceived motor competence, health-related physical fitness, and...
The purpose of this review is to stimulate new ideas regarding low-dose environmental mixtures and carcinogens and their potential to promote invasion and metastasis. Whereas a number of chapters in this review are devoted to the role of lowdose environmental mixtures and carcinogens in the promotion of invasion and metastasis...
Published September 1939. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Lau Basin basalts host an array of geochemical signatures that suggest incorporation of enriched mantle source material often associated with intraplate hotspots, but the origin of these signatures remain uncertain. Geochemical signatures associated with mantle material entrained from the nearby Samoan hotspot are present in northwest Lau Basin lavas, and...
Cell death is a process of dying within biological cells that are ceasing to function. This process is essential in regulating organism development, tissue homeostasis, and to eliminate cells in the body that are irreparably damaged. In general, dysfunction in normal cellular death is tightly linked to cancer progression. Specifically,...
Autoinduction (AI), the response to self-produced chemical signals,
is widespread in the bacterial world. This process controls
vastly different target functions, such as luminescence, nutrient
acquisition, and biofilm formation, in different ways and integrates
additional environmental and physiological cues. This diversity
raises questions about unifying principles that underlie all
AI...
It is estimated that more than 95% of organic production is based on crop varieties that were bred for the conventional high-input sector. Recent studies have shown that such varieties lack important traits required under organic and low-input production conditions. This is primarily due to selection in conventional breeding programmes...
We propose the experimental use of resazurin (Raz) and develop a metabolically active transient storage (MATS) model to include processes that may provide additional information on transient storage from a biogeochemical perspective in stream ecosystems. Raz is a phenoxazine compound that reduces irreversibly to resorufin (Rru) in the presence of...
WRESTORE (Watershed Restoration Using Spatio-Temporal Optimization of Resources) is a web-based, participatory planning tool that can be used to engage with watershed stakeholder communities, and involve them in using science-based, human-guided, interactive simulation–optimization methods for designing potential conservation practices on their landscape. The underlying optimization algorithms, process simulation models, and...
Although there is acute concern that insect-caused tree mortality increases the likelihood or severity of subsequent wildfire, previous studies have been mixed, with findings typically based on stand-scale simulations or individual events. This study investigates landscape- and regional-scale wildfire likelihood following outbreaks of the two most prevalent native insect pests...
Although there is acute concern that insect‐caused tree mortality increases the likelihood or severity of subsequent wildfire, previous studies have been mixed, with findings typically based on stand‐scale simulations or individual events. This study investigates landscape‐ and regional‐scale wildfire likelihood following outbreaks of the two most prevalent native insect pests...
Although there is acute concern that insect‐caused tree mortality increases the likelihood or severity of subsequent wildfire, previous studies have been mixed, with findings typically based on stand‐scale simulations or individual events. This study investigates landscape‐ and regional‐scale wildfire likelihood following outbreaks of the two most prevalent native insect pests...
Freshwater discharge affects the biogeochemistry of river-influenced nearshore environments by contributing with carbon and nutrients. An increase in human activities in river basins may alter the natural riverine nutrients and carbon export to coastal ecosystems. Along a wide latitudinal range (32° 55'S-40° 10'S), this study explores the role of climate...
As part of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), butterflies were surveyed pre-treatment and up to four years post-treatment at 16 widely distributed sagebrush steppe sites in the interior West. Butterfly populations and communities were analyzed in response to treatments (prescribed fire, mechanical, herbicide) designed to restore sagebrush steppe...
Newer, selective insecticides with few negative impacts on natural enemies and competitor species are needed for effective, sustainable management of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impacts on natural enemies and competitor thrips species of insecticides used for control of...
Clinicians make a variety of judgments about their clients, from judging personality traits to making diagnoses, and a variety of methods are available to do so, ranging from observations to structured interviews. A large body of work demonstrates that from a brief glimpse of another’s nonverbal behavior, a variety of...
Cosmogenic-burial and U-series dating, identification of fluvial terraces and lacustrine
deposits, and river-profile reconstructions show that capture of the Gunnison River by
the Colorado River and abandonment of Unaweep Canyon occurred between 1.4-0.8
Ma. This event led to a rapid pulse of incision unlike any documented in the Rocky
Mountains....
The Antarctic blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus intermedia) was hunted to near extinction between 1904 and 1972, declining from an estimated initial abundance of more than 250,000 to fewer than 400. Here, we describe mtDNA control region diversity and geographic differentiation in the surviving population of the Antarctic blue whale, using...
It is hypothesized that the circulation of the tropical Pacific Ocean and atmosphere satisfies the equations of a simple coupled model to within errors having specified covariances, and that the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean array (TAO) measures the circulation to within errors also having specified covariances. This hypothesis is tested by finding...
Human liver cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most common type. Aberrant Ras signaling has been implicated in the development and progression of human HCC, but a complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this protein in hepatocarcinogenesis remains elusive. In this...
The volcanic origin of the Samoan archipelago can be explained by one of three models, specifically, by a hot spot forming over a mantle plume, by lithospheric extension resulting from complex subduction tectonics in the region, or by a combination of these two processes, either acting sequentially or synchronously. In...
L-α-glycerophosphate oxidase is an FAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of L-α-glycerophosphate (Glp) by molecular oxygen to generate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The catalytic properties of the recombinant His₆-GlpO from Mycoplasma pneumoniae (His₆-MpGlpO) were investigated with transient and steady-state kinetics and ligand binding. The results indicate that...
In the last three decades we have learned a great deal about microbes in subsurface environments. Once, these habitats were rarely examined, perhaps because so much of the life that we are concerned with exists at the surface and seems to pace its metabolic and evolutionary rhythms with the overt...
Turbidite deposition along slope and trench settings is evaluated for the Cascadia and Sumatra-Andaman subduction zones. Source proximity, basin effects, turbidity current flow path, temporal and spatial earthquake rupture, hydrodynamics, and topography all likely play roles in the deposition of the turbidites as evidenced by the vertical structure of the...
Soil moisture is an essential climate variable influencing land–atmosphere interactions, an essential hydrologic variable impacting rainfall–runoff processes, an essential ecological variable regulating net ecosystem exchange, and an essential agricultural variable constraining food security. Large-scale soil moisture monitoring has advanced in recent years, creating opportunities to transform scientific understanding of soil...
Here we present a phylogeny of beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) based on DNA sequence data from eight nuclear genes, including six single-copy nuclear protein-coding genes, for 367 species representing 172 of 183 extant families. Our results refine existing knowledge of relationships among major groups of beetles. Strepsiptera was confirmed as sister...
For the first time in several years, the El Niño-Southern
Oscillation did not dominate regional climate conditions
around the globe. A weak La Niña dissipated to ENSOneutral
conditions by spring, and while El Niño appeared
to be emerging during summer, this phase never fully
developed as sea surface temperatures in...