Surface water abstraction from rivers for irrigated agriculture is one of the largest uses of freshwater resources in the world. Water abstraction has important impacts on the structure of riverine assemblages. However, little work has examined the chronic, season-long impacts on ecosystem functions. Invertebrate drift is an important ecosystem function...
Plagioclase ultraphyric basalts (PUBs) have been sampled along most mid-ocean ridges with
ultraslow to intermediate spreading rates. Over the past 40 years, the prevalent models for their origin
assume positive buoyancy of plagioclase in basaltic liquids resulting in selective concentration of
plagioclase phenocrysts by floatation. However, when the global population...
Objective: The purpose was to examine whether a one-hour intervention would help increase fruit consumption in motivated individuals and to study the role of self-regulatory mechanisms in the behavior change process, with a particular focus on dietary planning and action control.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial compared a one-hour online...
A near-large-eddy simulation approach with size-revolving (bin) microphysics is employed to evaluate the relative sensitivity of southeast Pacific marine boundary layer cloud properties to thermodynamic and aerosol parameters. Simulations are based on a heavily drizzling cloud system observed by the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown during the Variability of the...
Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) is an economically and ecologically important species in the southeastern
Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands, yet little is known about the spawning dynamics of Pacific cod in
these regions. To address this knowledge gap, we applied a gross anatomical maturity key for Pacific cod
to describe...
Revised July 1997. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Indigenous cultures perceive the natural environment as an essential link between traditional cultural
practices, social connectedness, identity, and health. Many tribal communities face substantial health
disparities related to exposure to environmental hazards. Our study used qualitative methods to better
understand the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) members’...
Using published dairy cattle liver transcriptomics dataset along with novel blood biomarkers of liver function, metabolism, and inflammation we have attempted an integrative systems biology approach applying the classical functional enrichment analysis using DAVID, a newly-developed Dynamic Impact Approach (DIA), and an upstream gene network analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis...
The diurnal cycle of marine stratocumulus in cloud-topped boundary layers is examined using ship-based meteorological data obtained during the 2008 Variability of American Monsoon Systems (VAMOS) Ocean–Cloud–Atmosphere–Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx). The high temporal and spatial continuity of the ship data, as well as the 31-day sample size, allows the...
The phenotypic identification of sex in Sebastes rockfish is difficult and often impractical from a management perspective, and the genetic basis of sex determination in the genus is currently uncertain. We tested a previously developed sex identifi- cation polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) assay in eight species...
Native bees are important ecologically and economically because their role as pollinators fulfills a vital ecosystem service. Pollinators are declining due to various factors, including habitat degradation and destruction. Grasslands, an important habitat for native bees, are particularly vulnerable. One highly imperiled and understudied grassland type in the United States...
Rangelands are significant providers of ecosystem services in agroecosystems world‐wide. Yet few studies have investigated how different intensities of livestock grazing impact one important provider of these ecosystem services—native bees. We conducted the first large‐scale manipulative study on the effect of a gradient of livestock grazing intensities on native bees...
Widespread stratocumulus clouds were observed on nine transects from seven research cruises to the southeastern tropical Pacific Ocean along 20°S, 75°–85°W in October–November of 2001–08. The nine transects sample a unique combination of synoptic and interannual variability affecting the clouds; their ensemble diagnoses longitude–vertical sections of the atmosphere, diurnal cycles...
The Bering Sea is a highly productive ecosystem with abundant prey populations in the summer that support some of the largest seabird colonies in the Northern Hemisphere. In the fall, the Bering Sea is used by large numbers of migrants and post-breeding seabirds. We used over 22000 km of vessel-based...
Previous observations suggest that females utilize a more erect initial landing posture than males with sex differences in landing posture possibly related to sex-specific energy absorption (EA) strategies. However, sex-specific EA strategies have only been observed when accompanied by sex differences in initial landing posture. This study: 1) investigated the...
Nanotechnology is of increasing significance. Curation of nanomaterial data into electronic databases offers opportunities to better understand and predict nanomaterials’ behaviour. This supports innovation in, and regulation of, nanotechnology. It is commonly understood that curated data need to be sufficiently complete and of sufficient quality to serve their intended purpose....
Little is known about intraspecific variation within the deacon rockfish (Sebastes di‐ aconus), a recently described species found in the northeast Pacific Ocean. We in‐ vestigated population structure among fish sampled from two nearshore reefs (Siletz Reef and Seal Rock) and one offshore site (Stonewall Bank) within a <50‐km2 area...
The histone modifying complexes PRC2 and TrxG/MLL play pivotal roles in determining the activation state of genes controlling pluripotency, lineage commitment, and cell differentiation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can bind to either complex, and some have been shown to act as modulators of PRC2 or TrxG/MLL activity. Here we show...
Density currents (i.e., cold pools or outflows) beneath marine stratocumulus clouds are characterized using 30 days of ship-based observations obtained during the 2008 Variability of American Monsoon Systems (VAMOS) Ocean–Cloud–Atmosphere–Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) in the southeast Pacific. An air density increase criterion applied to the Improved Meteorological (IMET) sensor...
Forest health issues are on the rise in the United States, resulting from introduction of alien pests and diseases, coupled with abiotic stresses related to climate change. Increasingly, forest scientists are finding genetic/genomic resources valuable in addressing forest health issues. For a set of ten ecologically and economically important native...
Coastal wetlands are characterized by high biodiversity, which is one of the main criteria considered when establishing protection policies or when proposing adequate management actions. In this study, the crustacean and aquatic insect composition of the Emporda wetlands is described. These two faunal groups contribute highly to the total biodiversity...
The Clouds, Aerosol, and Precipitation in the Marine Boundary Layer (CAP-MBL) deployment at Graciosa Island in the Azores generated a 21-month (April 2009–December 2010) comprehensive dataset documenting clouds, aerosols, and precipitation using the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Mobile Facility (AMF). The scientific aim of the deployment is to gain...
Submersible exploration of the Samoan hotspot revealed a new, 300-m-tall, volcanic cone, named Nafanua, in the summit crater of Vailulu’u seamount. Nafanua grew from the 1,000-m-deep crater floor in <4 years and could reach the sea surface within decades. Vents fill Vailulu’u crater with a thick suspension of particulates and...
Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that...
A Rutan Aircraft Factory Long-EZ aircraft flew numerous low-level slant soundings on two summer days in
2001 off the northeastern coast of the United States. The soundings are analyzed here to study the nonstationary
vertical structure of the wind, temperature, and turbulence. An error analysis indicates that fluxes
computed from...
Cell death is a process of dying within biological cells that are ceasing to function. This process is essential in regulating organism development, tissue homeostasis, and to eliminate cells in the body that are irreparably damaged. In general, dysfunction in normal cellular death is tightly linked to cancer progression. Specifically,...
Potentially carcinogenic compounds may cause cancer through direct DNA damage or through indirect cellular or physiological effects. To study possible carcinogens, the fields of endocrinology, genetics, epigenetics, medicine, environmental health, toxicology, pharmacology and oncology must be considered. Disruptive chemicals may also contribute to multiple stages of tumor development through effects...
From 27 June to 3 September 1999, CO2 fluxes from a 5-year-old, 84.15-ha vegetated clearcut in sub-boreal British Columbia were measured using a Bowen ratio energy balance (BREB) system and a second approach (the component model) that was based on scaled up CO2-flux measurements from belowground and plants (spruce seedlings...
Diversité et distribution des poissons anostomoides (Teleostei, Characiformes) dans les Guyanes.
Cinquante-six espèces, soit approximativement 20% des Characiformes de la superfamille des Anostomidea (familles
des Anostomidae, Chilodontidae, Curimatidae et Prochilodontidae), fréquentent les eaux douces de la Guyane française, du
Guyana et du Suriname bien que ces régions ne recouvrent qu’environ...
Beschta et al. (2013) synthesized the ecological effects 41 of climate change and ungulate
grazing on western public lands, grounding their recommendations in ecological considerations
and federal agency legal authority and obligations. Svejcar et al. (2014) suggest that Beschta et
al. (2013) neither “present a balanced synthesis of the scientific...
Climate change affects public land ecosystems and services throughout the American West and these effects
are projected to intensify. Even if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, adaptation strategies for public lands
are needed to reduce anthropogenic stressors of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and to help native species
and ecosystems survive...
The illicit use of prescription stimulants (IUPS) is a substance use behavior that remains prevalent on college campuses. As theory can guide research and practice, we provide a systematic review of the college-based IUPS epidemiological literature guided by one ecological framework, the Theory of Triadic Influence (TTI). We aim to...
The neon isotope compositions of basalts from the Northwest Lau Back-arc Basin reflect three-component mixing between an ocean island basalt (OIB) mantle hotspot component, mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle, and atmosphere. Our study confirms that a mantle hotspot signature is present in the neon isotopes of both the Rochambeau Rifts...
The eastern South Pacific (ESP) oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) is a permanent hydrographic feature located directly off the coasts of northern Chile and Peru. The ESP OMZ reaches from coastal waters out to thousands of kilometers offshore, and can extend from the near surface to depths greater than 700 m....
Infection with Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for the development of gastric cancer, and infection with strains carrying the virulence factor CagA significantly increases this risk. To investigate the mechanisms by which CagA promotes carcinogenesis, we generated transgenic zebrafish expressing CagA ubiquitously or in the anterior intestine. Transgenic...
Livestock grazing is a widespread source of habitat modification, and may affect populations of ground-nesting grassland birds by influencing rates of nest failure. Nesting attempts can fail for various reasons, and determining risk of failure from specific causes associated with livestock grazing would enhance development of range management practices in...
BACKGROUND: The illicit use of prescription stimulants (IUPS) has emerged as a high-risk behavior of the 21st century college student. As the study of IUPS is relatively new, we aimed to understand 1) characteristics of IUPS (i.e., initiation, administration routes, drug sources, motives, experiences), and 2) theory-guided intrapersonal, interpersonal, and...
Applying concepts from the behavioral complexity literature (Ashby, 1952; Denison, Hooijberg, and Quinn, 1995) we examine if supply managers’ multiple roles and the ability to shift among these roles is related to their interpersonal relationship with their key contact within the strategic suppliers’ organization and ultimately with the firm-to-firm relationship....
Multifunctional theranostic platforms capable of concurrent near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and phototherapies are strongly desired for cancer diagnostic and treatment. However, integration of separate imaging and therapeutic components into nanocarriers results in complex theranostic systems with limited translational potential. A single agent-based theranostic nanoplatform, therefore, was developed for concurrent NIR...
Report on an investigation carried out under Contract Nonr-2771 (04), Project NR 388-062, between the University of Oregon and the Office of Naval Research, U.S. Department of the Navy.
The viral family Arenaviridae includes a number of viruses that can cause hemorrhagic fever in humans. Arenavirus infection often involves multiple organs and can lead to capillary instability, impaired hemostasis, and death. Preclinical testing for development of antiviral or therapeutics is in part hampered due to a lack of an...
Real-time PCR assays using locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes and high resolution melt (HRM) analysis were developed for molecular differentiation of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli, causal agents of cucurbit and hop downy mildew, respectively. The assays were based on a previously identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the cytochrome...
The underlying causes of mortality during critical life stages of fish are not well
understood, nor is it clear if these causes are similar for naturally versus artificially propagated (i.e.
hatchery) individuals. To assess the importance of selective mortality related to production type
(hatchery vs. naturally produced) and size at...
We explore selected aspects of J.-Y. Parlange’s contributions to hydrological transport of solutes and sediments, including both the laboratory and field scales. At the laboratory scale, he provided numerous approximations for solute transport accounting for effects of boundary conditions, linear and nonlinear reactions, and means to determine relevant parameters. Theory...
OBJECTIVE: To test a theory-driven model of health behavior to predict the illicit use of
prescription stimulants (IUPS) among college students. PARTICIPANTS: A probability sample of
554 students from one university located in California (response rate = 90.52%).
METHODS: Students completed a paper-based survey developed with guidance from the Theory...
In recent years, the number of fresh-market sweet cherry cultivars (varieties) produced in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) has grown from a few, dominated by one (Bing), to a dozen or more. Lapins was among the first new cultivars to gain significance in the mid-1990s, followed by Sweetheart, Chelan, Tieton, and...
BACKGROUND: Little is known about α-tocopherol’s bioavailability
as a constituent of food or its dependence on a subject’s age.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the α-tocopherol bioavailability from food,
we used collard greens grown in deuterated water (²H collard
greens) as a source of deuterium-labeled (²H) α-tocopherol consumed
by younger and older...
Physical mapping and genome sequencing are underway for the ≈17 Gb wheat genome. Physical mapping methods independent of meiotic recombination, such as radiation hybrid (RH) mapping, will aid precise anchoring of BAC contigs in the large regions of suppressed recombination in Triticeae genomes. Reports of endosperm development following pollination with...
This study represents a novel approach for intraoperative ovarian cancer treatment based on the combinatorial effect of a targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) associated with suppression of the DJ-1 protein, one of the key players in the ROS defense of cancer cells. To assess the potential of the developed therapy, dendrimer-based...
Paleoclimate proxies based on the measurement of xylem cell anatomy have rarely been developed across the temperature range of a species or applied to wood predating the most recent millennium. Here we describe wood anatomy-based proxies for spring temperatures in central North America from modern bur oaks (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.)....
Large ignimbrite flare-ups provide records of profound crustal modification during batholith formation at depth. The locations of source calderas and volumes and ages of the eruptions must be determined to develop models for the tectonomagmatic processes that occur during these events. Although high-precision isotopic ages of the ignimbrites are critical,...
Zoysiagrasses (Zoysia Willd.) are a slow-growing, tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40) turfgrass that can be successfully managed with less input than many other warm-season grasses. Despite extensive genetic and morphological variation, genotypes with the ability to recuperate quickly from damage are rare. Therefore, a long-term effort to increase vegetative...
Along the Pacific coast of North America, from Alaska to Mexico, harmful algal blooms (HABs) have caused losses to natural resources and coastal economies, and have resulted in human sicknesses and deaths for decades. Recent reports indicate a possible increase in their prevalence and impacts of these events on living...
The eddy-covariance method often underestimates fluxes under stable, low-wind conditions at night when turbulence is not well developed. The most common approach to resolve the problem of nighttime flux underestimation is to identify and remove the deficit periods using friction-velocity (u*) threshold filters (u*[superscript Th]). This study modifies an accepted...
The mineralogical and stable isotopic composition of authigenic carbonates from the Krishna-Godavari (KG) and Mahanadi Basin provide a deeper insight into the processes inducing carbonate formation in the sediments of the eastern continental margin of India in the Bay of Bengal. Authigenic carbonate cements, (micro) nodules, bioturbation casts and tubes...
To date, academic research relating to Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) has largely focused on resource assessment, technical viability and environmental impact. Experiences from onshore renewable energy tell us that social acceptability is equally critical to project success. However, the specific nature of the marine environment, patterns of resource distribution and...
The biogeochemical processes that occur in marine sediments on continental margins are complex; however, from one perspective they can be considered with respect to three geochemical zones based on the presence and form of methane: sulfate-methane transition (SMTZ), gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), and free gas zone (FGZ). These geochemical...
Complex systems science provides a transdisciplinary framework to study systems characterized by (1) heterogeneity, (2) hierarchy, (3) self‐organization, (4) openness, (5) adaptation, (6) memory, (7) non‐linearity, and (8) uncertainty. Complex systems thinking has inspired both theory and applied strategies for improving ecosystem resilience and adaptability, but applications in forest ecology...
Rising atmospheric [CO₂], cₐ, is expected to affect stomatal regulation of leaf gas-exchange of woody plants, thus influencing energy fluxes as well as carbon (C), water, and nutrient cycling of forests. Researchers have proposed various strategies for stomatal regulation of leaf gas-exchange that include maintaining a constant leaf internal [CO₂],...
It is well established that individual organisms can acclimate and adapt to temperature to optimize their functioning. However, thermal optimization of ecosystems, as an assemblage of organisms, has not been examined at broad spatial and temporal scales. Here, we compiled data from 169 globally distributed sites of eddy covariance and...
BACKGROUND: A substantial proportion of the general population has low lung function, and lung function is known to decrease as we age. Low lung function is a feature of several pulmonary disorders, such as uncontrolled asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this study is to investigate...
Most sweet cherries produced in the US Pacific Northwest and shipped to distant markets are often in storage and transit for over 3 weeks. The objectives of this research were to study the effects of sweet cherry storage O2 and CO2 concentrations on the respiratory physiology and the efficacy of...
Internal browning (IB) can be a serious problem with the use of modified atmosphere packaging
(MAP) for 'Bartlett' pears (Pyrus communis L.) grown in the Pacific Northwest during storage
and transit to distant markets. To investigate this disorder, 'Bartlett' pears harvested at
commercial maturity were packed in a commercial MAP...
For a key season in the annual water cycle (L[subscript s]~120°) a mesoscale model is used to study atmospheric water vapor and water ice clouds in the northern polar region of Mars. Model results at high-resolution (15 km) allow the examination of various mesoscale aspects of the circulation in this...
The factors that control the explosivity of silicic volcanoes are critical for hazard assessment, but are often poorly constrained for specific volcanic systems. Mount Hood, Oregon, is a somewhat atypical arc volcano in that it is characterized by a lack of large explosive eruptions over the entire lifetime of the...
Silica bodies in short cell epidermal leaf cells of the Early Cretaceous Programinis laminatus (Poales) in Burmese amber are characterized. The great majority are rondels and elongated quadrates aligned horizontally in relation to the leaf axis. Rondel types include circular, elliptical, oblong, long and short forms. Quadrate types include short...
Published October 1984. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Phylogenetic analyses based on nLSU and ITS sequence data indicate that the sequestrate genus Gigasperma is polyphyletic. Gigasperma cryptica, which is known only from New Zealand, has affinities with the Cortinariaceae whereas G. americanum and two additional undescribed taxa from western North America are derived from Lepiota within the Agaricaceae....
The kinetic mechanism of the unidirectional
H2-oxidizing hydrogenase from soybean nodule bacteroids has
been investigated with highly purified enzyme. Measurements
of the K, for H2 vary from 0.97 to 2.6 pM, and the K,,, for
methylene blue varies from 6 to 17 pM. With H2 and
methylene blue as substrates,...
ABSTRACT: Phytoplankton regulate internal pigment concentrations in response to light and nutrient availability. Chlorophyll a to phytoplankton carbon ratios (chl:C phyto) are commonly reported as a function of growth irradiance (Eg) for evaluating the photoacclimation response of phytoplankton. In contrast to most culture experiments, natural phytoplankton communities experience fluctuating environmental...
Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) of purportedly terrestrial origin are frequently detected in marine sediments, even in remote ocean sites where no direct impact from land erosion via rivers takes place. At these places, the most likely explanation for the presence of brGDGTs is in situ production or eolian...
This report is an update of shellfish investigations from April 1964 to March 1965. Inside can be found a summary of two clam mortality events. It also has the numbers of razor clams dug for sport and commercial fisheries and the results of the 1964 razor clam beach survey. This...
The current study investigated the predictive utility among teacher-rated, observed, and directly assessed behavioral self-regulation skills to academic achievement in preschoolers. Specifically, this study compared how a teacher report, the Child Behavior Rating Scale, an observer report, the Observed Child Engagement Scale, and a direct assessment, the Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task, relate...
Recent surveys of belowground fungal biodiversity in Mexico and USA have revealed many undescribed truffle species, including many in the genus Tuber. Here we describe seven new species: Tuber beyerlei, T. castilloi, T. guevarai, T. lauryi, T. mexiusanum, T. miquihuanense and T. walkeri. Phylogenetic analyses place these species within the...
In the current research we tested a comprehensive model of spirituality, religiosity, compassion, and altruism, investigating the independent effects of spirituality and religiosity on compassion and altruism. We hypothesized that, even though spirituality and religiosity are closely related, spirituality and religiosity would have different and unique associations with compassion and...
Nitrogen isotopes are an important tool for evaluating past biogeochemical cycling from the paleoceanographic record. However, bulk sedimentary nitrogen isotope ratios, which can be determined routinely and at minimal cost, may be altered during burial and early sedimentary diagenesis, particularly outside of continental margin settings. The causes and detailed mechanisms...
Seep characteristics at different geologic settings are the subject of this review primarily based on results of the Research Consortium SFB 574. Criteria are drawn from examples on the erosive convergent margin off Costa Rica, the accretionary margin off Chile supplemented by examples from the transform margin of the Golf...
Non-prescription stimulant use is a high-risk behavior prevalent in the college population. To date, research on this substance use behavior lacks a comprehensive theoretical lens, as well as geographical diversity. Guided by the Theory of Triadic Influence (TTI), multilevel (i.e. students within schools) modeling was used to analyze survey data...
This volume seeks to integrate gender analysis into the global history of science and medicine from the late Middle Ages to the present by focusing on masculinity, the part of the gender equation that has received the least attention from scholars. The premise of the volume is that social constructions...
Food security, economic opportunities, and other benefits provided by a healthy ocean are in jeopardy because of years of overexploitation of many fisheries, and the challenges will intensify in many locales as climate and the environment continue to change. The good news is that solutions are gaining traction. Mandates to...
The 3-PGS (physiological principles for predicting growth using satellite data) model generates monthly estimates of transpiration, photosynthesis, and net primary production (NPP), the latter derived as a fixed proportion (0.47) of gross photosynthesis. To assess the reliability of a simplified process model (3-PGS) to predict the productive capacity of coniferous...
Arctic freshwater ecosystems have been profoundly affected by climate change. Given that the Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is often the only fish species inhabiting these ecosystems, it represents a valuable model for studying the impacts of climate change on species life‐history diversity and adaptability. Using a genotyping‐by‐se‐ quencing approach, we...
ENTOMOLOGISTS, BOTANISTS, and AGRICULTURISTS all
have occasion to concern themselves with bees. The en-tomologist is fascinated by their complex behavior pat-terns, the botanist needs to evaluate their significance infloral biology, and the agriculturist must take them into account as vital factors in crop production. Finally, the apiculturist often wishes to...
This report is an update of shellfish investigations from January 1-December 31, 1953. It includes a summary of bay clam and oyster investigations, including details on attempted pest control and control of algae on oyster beds. It also contains results of the 1953 Tillamook Bay Clam Survey, and discusses clam...
OBJECTIVES: Students, faculty, and staff at a Pacific Northwest public university were surveyed one year after
enactment of a smoke-free campus policy. Objectives were to assess levels of support for a smoke-free campus,
ascertain exposure levels to outdoor tobacco smoke, and identify correlates of policy support.
METHOD: A 2013 Web-based...
The improvement of the agricultural and wine-making qualities of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is hampered by adherence to traditional varieties, the recalcitrance of this plant to genetic modifications, and public resistance to genetically modified organism (GMO) technologies. To address these challenges, we developed an RNA virus-based vector for the introduction...
This paper distinguishes three concepts of “race”: bio-genomic cluster/race, biological race, and social race. We map out realism, antirealism, and conventionalism about each of these, in three important historical episodes: Frank Livingstone and Theodosius Dobzhansky in 1962, A.W.F. Edwards’ 2003 response to Lewontin (1972), and contemporary discourse. Semantics is especially...
The present study investigated a direct assessment of behavioral self-regulation (the Head-Toes-Knees- Shoulders; HTKS) and its contribution to early academic achievement among young children in Germany and Iceland. The authors examined the psychometric properties and construct validity of the HTKS, investigated gender differences in young children’s behavioral self-regulation, and explored...
Vegetation carbon uptake and respiration constitute the largest carbon cycle of the planet with an annual turnover
in the order of 120 GT. Currently, neither ecosystem carbon uptake (through photosynthesis) nor ecosystem
carbon release (through respiration) can be measured directly during the daytime. Instead, flux-tower measurements
rely on nighttime respiration...
Nematodes are tiny but complex unsegmented roundworms that are anatomically differentiated for feeding, digestion, locomotion, and reproduction. These small animals make important contributions to organic matter decomposition and to the food chain. Some species, however, are parasitic to plants or animals. This publication provides a description and information on biology,...
Marine environments, key life-support systems for the earth, are under severe threat. Issues
associated with managing these common property resources are complex and interrelated.
Networks of marine reserves can be valuable for mitigating threats to marine systems, yet the
successful design and implementation of such networks has been limited. Efficient...
The concept of nature as capital is gaining visibility in policies and practices in both the public and private sectors. This change is due to an improved ability to assess and value ecosystem services, as well as to a growing recognition of the potential of an ecosystem services approach to...
This study examined relations among early family risk, children’s behavioral regulation at 54
months and kindergarten, and academic achievement in first grade using data on 1,298 children
from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early
Child Care and Youth Development. Family risk was indexed...