This study examined daily streamflow response over up to four decades in northwest conifer forest and eastern deciduous forest sites in the United States. We used novel methods to analyze daily observations of climate and streamflow spanning more than 900 basin years of record at 14 treated/control basin pairs where...
Hydrology is the main environmental filter in aquatic ecosystems and may result in shared tolerances and functional traits among species in disparate ecosystems. We analyzed the associations between taxonomic and functional facets of diversity within aquatic ecosystems (ponds vs. streams) across a hydroperiod gradient (1–365 d) to untangle the hydrologic...
We present a general approach for optimizing the diffraction efficiency of a phase-type spatial light modulator (SLM). While the SLM displays a one-dimensional phase grating, the phase shift of one pixel in the grating is varied and the first-order diffraction efficiency is measured. This is repeated pixel-by-pixel to find the...
The phylogeny of ground beetles of supertribe Trechitae is inferred using DNA sequences of genes that code for 28S ribosomal RNA, 18S ribosomal RNA, and wingless. Within the outgroups, austral psydrines are inferred to be monophyletic, and separate from the three genera of true Psydrina (Psydrus, Nomius, Laccocenus); the austral...
A new species of Bembidion (Trichoplataphus Netolitzky) from the Ozark Plateau of Missouri and Arkansas is described (Bembidion ozarkense Maddison and Hildebrandt). It is distinguishable from the closely related species, Bembidion rolandi Fall, by characteristics of the male genitalia, and sequences of the genes cytochrome oxidase I and 28S ribosomal...
Floods are a key component of the ecology and management of riverine
ecosystems around the globe, but it is not clear whether floods have predictable effects on
organisms that can allow us to generalize across regions and continents. To address this, we
conducted a global-scale meta-analysis to investigate effects of...
The piezoelectric fatigue behavior of Pb-free ceramics based on solid solutions of Bi(Zn₀.₅Ti₀.₅)O₃-(Bi₀.5K₀.₅)TiO₃-(Bi₀.₅Na₀.₅)TiO₃ was characterized at 50 kV/cm after 10⁶ bipolar cycles. Ferroelectric compositions containing 2.5% Bi(Zn₀.₅Ti₀.₅)O₃ exhibited only minor losses in maximum strain (~10%). In compositions with 5% Bi(Zn₀.₅Ti₀.₅)O₃ that exhibit large electric field-induced strains, the electromechanical strain actually...
1. Ecological communities can be relatively stable for long periods of time, and then, often as a result of disturbance, transition rapidly to a novel state. When communities fail to recover to pre-disturbance configurations, they are said to have experienced a regime shift or to be in an alternative stable state....