The current work sought to develop predictive
models between time-weighted average polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the freely dissolved
phase and those present in resident aquatic organisms. We
deployed semipermeable membrane passive sampling devices
(SPMDs) and collected resident crayfish (Pacifastacus
leniusculus) at nine locations within and outside of the...
Contamination of resident aquatic organisms is a major concern for environmental risk assessors. However, collecting organisms to estimate risk is often prohibitively time and resource-intensive. Passive sampling accurately estimates resident organism contamination, and it saves time and resources. This study used low density polyethylene (LDPE) passive water samplers to predict...
Although it is known that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be found in smoked meats, little is known about their prevalence in Native American smoked fish. In this work, the effect of traditional Native American fish smoking methods on dietary exposure to PAHs and possible risks to human health has...
The validity of plane-parallel (1D) radiative transfer theory for cloudy atmospheres is examined by directly comparing calculated and observed visible reflectances for one month of Global Area Coverage Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite observations of marine stratus cloud layers off the coasts of California, Peru, and Angola. Marine stratus...
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the pleiotropic biologic effects of 1alpha,25
dihydroxy-vitamin D3. Recent in vitro studies suggested that curcumin and poly-unsaturated fatty
acids (PUFAs) also bind to VDR with low affinity. As potential ligands for the VDR, we hypothesized
that curcumin and PUFAs would induce expression of known...
Nitrobacter hamburgensis X14 is a facultative lithoautotroph that conserves energy from the
oxidation of nitrite (NO
2 ) and fixes carbon dioxide (CO2) as its sole source of carbon. The
availability of the N. hamburgensis X14 genome sequence initiated a re-examination of its
mixotrophic and organotrophic potential, as genes encoding...
In order to resolve a long-standing discrepancy of some 30 standard deviations between the two most precise previously reported values of the γ-ray energies in the ³⁸Cl decays, we have undertaken a new precision measurement of the decay energies using a variety of different sources for energy calibration. The deduced...
In determining aerosol-cloud interactions, the properties of aerosols must be characterized in the vicinity of clouds. Numerous studies based on satellite observations have reported that aerosol optical depths increase with increasing cloud cover. Part of the increase comes from the humidification and consequent growth of aerosol particles in the moist...
The Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) is the first spaceborne hyperspectral sensor designed specifically for the coastal ocean and estuarial, riverine, or other shallow-water areas. The HICO generates hyperspectral images, primarily over the 400–900 nm spectral range, with a ground sample distance of ≈90 m (at nadir) and a high...
The Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) is the first spaceborne hyperspectral sensor
designed specifically for the coastal ocean and estuarial, riverine, or other shallow-water areas. The
HICO generates hyperspectral images, primarily over the 400–900nm spectral range, with a ground
sample distance of ≈90m (at nadir) and a high...
The emerging picture of frontal scale air–sea interaction derived from high-resolution satellite observations of surface winds and sea surface temperature (SST) provides a unique opportunity to test the fidelity of high-resolution coupled climate simulations. Initial analysis of the output of a suite of Community Climate System Model (CCSM) experiments indicates...
The distribution of suspended matter in the Panama basin was determined by means of
light scattering and Coulter counter measurements on water samples collected at 50 hydrographic
stations. The observed distribution indicates three probable sources of suspended
matter: (1) the surface waters throughout the basin; (2) erosion and runoff from...
It has generally been assumed by historians and anthropologists that the indigenous groups living to the west and northwest of the Colorado River were non-horticultural with three or four exceptions: some horticulture among the eastern-most Kamia, among the Chemehuevi who settled at a late date along the Colorado River, and...
BACKGROUND: Targeted capture of genomic regions reduces sequencing cost while generating higher coverage by
allowing biomedical researchers to focus on specific loci of interest, such as exons. Targeted capture also has the
potential to facilitate the generation of genomic data from DNA collected via saliva or buccal cells. DNA samples...
To determine how well DNA barcodes from the chloroplast region perform in forest dynamics plots (FDPs) from global CTFS-ForestGEO network, we analyzed DNA barcoding sequences of 1277 plant species from a wide phylogenetic range (3 FDPs in tropics, 5 in subtropics and 5 in temperate zone) and compared the rates...
In 2006–2007, an unusually high number of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded along the Washington and Oregon coastlines. Spatiotemporal analyses were used to examine their ability to detect clusters of porpoise strandings during an unusual mortality event (UME) in the Pacific Northwest using stranding location data. Strandings were evaluated as...
Transgenic down-regulation of the Pt4CL1 gene family encoding 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL) has been reported as a
means for reducing lignin content in cell walls and increasing overall growth rates, thereby improving feedstock quality for
paper and bioethanol production. Using hybrid poplar (Populus tremula 3 Populus alba), we applied this...
Mechanisms promoting coexistence between closely related species are fundamental for maintaining species diversity. Mechanisms of niche differentiation include allochrony which offsets the peak timing of resource utilisation between species. Many studies focus on spatial and temporal niche partitioning during the breeding season, few have investigated the role allochrony plays in...
In 2006, a marked increase in harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena strandings were reported in the Pacific Northwest of the USA, resulting in the declaration of an unusual mortality event (UME) for Washington and Oregon to facilitate investigation into potential causes. The UME was in place during all of 2006 and...
Sediment production and its subsequent preservation in the marine stratigraphic record offshore of large rivers are linked by complex sediment-transfer systems. To interpret the stratigraphic record it is critical to understand how environmental signals transfer from sedimentary source regions to depositional sinks, and in particular to understand the role of...