Developing aquifers as underground water supply reservoirs is an advantageous approach applicable to meeting water management objectives. Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a direct injection and subsequent withdrawal technology that is used to increase water supply storage through injection wells. Due to site-specific hydrogeological quantification and evaluation to assess...
Vadose zone fractures and soil cracks exposed to the atmosphere have an impact on gas exchange processes at the Earth-atmosphere interface. In this study we explored and quantified the role of ground-surface winds on fracture ventilation. While the governing physical mechanisms that cause ventilation are relatively well understood, this is...
Forest ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest of the USA are changing as a result of climate change. Specifically, rise of global temperatures, decline of winter precipitation, earlier loss of snowpack, and increased summer drought are altering the range of Pinus contorta. Simultaneously, flux in environmental conditions within the historic P....
BACKGROUND: Previous studies report conflicting results regarding a possible association between maternal physical activity (PA) and cesarean delivery. METHODS: 7-day PA recalls were collected by telephone from n=1205 pregnant women from North Carolina, without prior cesarean, during two time windows: 17-22 weeks and 27-30 weeks completed gestation. PA was treated...
We examined the extent to which arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi root improved the acquisition of simple organic nitrogen (ON) compounds by their host plants. In a greenhouse-based study, we used quantum dots (fluorescent nanoparticles) to assess uptake of each of the 20 proteinaceous amino acids by AM-colonized versus uncolonized plants....
Graphis robertusii Bárcenas-Peña, Herrera-Campos y Miranda es descrita por primera vez para la selva alta perennifolia de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz. Es una especie conspicua caracterizada por lirelas erumpentes con margen talino lateral, labios no estriados blancos pruinosos, excípulo completamente carbonizado, himenio insperso, esporas transversalmente septadas y ácidos estíctico, salazínico y...
Evaporation of saline solutions from porous media, common in arid areas, involves complex interactions between mass transport, energy exchange and phase transitions. We quantified evaporation of saline solutions from heterogeneous sand columns under constant hydraulic boundary conditions to focus on effects of salt precipitation on evaporation dynamics. Mass loss measurements...
Rates of net community production (NCP) and air-sea CO₂ flux in the Northeast Pacific subarctic, transition zone and subtropical regions (22°N–50°N, 145°W–152°W) were determined on a cruise in August–September 2008 by continuous measurement of surface values of the ratio of dissolved oxygen to argon (O₂/Ar) and the partial pressure of...
Cultivated potato crops are sensitive to
drought stress, reducing yield and tuber quality when the soil water potential drops to -0.3
MPa. However, drought not only affects plant growth and physiological activity, but this
stress also induces biochemical and molecular changes in the cellular gene expression profile,
triggering genes that...
The study’s purpose was to identify the mediating role of intention and the stages of change (SOC) in physical activity (PA) over a 6-month period using two models (Theory of Planned Behavior [TPB] and TPB/SOC). Participants were 143 adults with physical disabilities (70.68% response rate; M age = 46.03). The...
A high proportion of individuals with disabilities remain physically inactive. Therefore, this study (web-based survey) investigated the relationships between the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and physical activity among 224 adults with physical disabilities (M age = 45.4 years, SD = 10.78, females = 71%). Additionally, the most important TTM predictors of...
Qualitative two-phase flow regime data are obtained from high-speed visualization of condensing flows of R-134a at mass fluxes from 75 to 150 kg m−2 s−1 and quality from 0.1 to 0.8 in square microchannels (DH = 0.84 mm) cooled from a single side. Superheated R-134a is distributed into multiple parallel microchannels and then partially condensed, using...
Population growth is affected by several factors such as climate, species interaction
and harvesting pressure. However, additional complexity can arise if fishing increases the sensitivity
to environmental variability. To predict the effects of fisheries and climate on marine populations,
there is a need for improved understanding of how they affect...
Understanding genetic differentiation and speciation processes in marine species with high dispersal capabilities is challenging. The Chilean dolphin, Cephalorhynchus eutropia, is the only endemic cetacean of Chile and is found in two different coastal habitats: a northern habitat with exposed coastlines, bays and estuaries from Valparaíso (33°02' S) to Chiloé...
Assessment of potential climate change impacts on stream water temperature (Tₛ) across large scales remains challenging for resource managers because energy exchange processes between the atmosphere and the stream environment are complex and uncertain, and few long-term datasets are available to evaluate changes over time. In this study, we demonstrate...
Genes specifying the thiamin monophos¬phate phosphatase and adenylated thiazole diphosphatase steps in fungal and plant thiamin biosynthesis remain unknown, as do genes for thia¬min diphosphate (ThDP) hydrolysis in thiamin metabolism. A distinctive Nudix domain fused to thia¬min di¬phos¬phokin¬ase (Tnr3) in Schizo¬sacc¬¬h¬aromyces pombe was evaluated as a candidate for these funct¬ions....
Genes specifying the thiamin monophosphate phosphatase and adenylated thiazole diphosphatase
steps in fungal and plant thiamin biosynthesis remain unknown, as do genes for thiamin diphosphate
(ThDP) hydrolysis in thiamin metabolism. A distinctive Nudix domain fused to thiamin diphosphokinase
(Tnr3) in Schizosaccharomyces pombe was evaluated as a candidate for these functions....
The heat pulse probe method can be implemented with actively heated fiber optics (AHFO) to obtain distributed measurements of soil water content (θ) by using reported soil thermal responses measured by Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and with a soil-specific calibration relationship. However, most reported applications have been calibrated to homogeneous...
The most active phenolics in Quercus sideroxyla Humb. & Bonpl. residual bark were identified and evaluated following a chromatographic fractionation. Bark powder was defatted with hexane and crude extract (CE) was obtained by extraction with aqueous acetone (70%). A liquid partition with ethyl acetate was performed to produce an organic...
The most frequent cause of pseudomembranous colitis is Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection. This type of colitis is characterized by an endoscopic pattern of numerous small, yellowish or whitish plaques diffusely distributed, which typically compromises the rectum extending to proximal colon. Occasionally, the pseudomembranes compromise only the transverse or right...