Background
Although screening mammography may contribute to decreases in breast cancer mortality in a population, it may also increase the risk of false positives, anxiety, and unnecessary and costly medical procedures in individuals. We report trends in self-reported non-normal screening mammography results, lumpectomies, and breast cancer in a representative sample...
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are regions in the ocean or along coastlines where fishing is controlled to avoid the reduction or elimination of fish populations. A central question is where exactly to establish an MPA. We cast this as an optimal problem along a one-dimensional coast-line, where fish are assumed...
Endogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are a class of naturally occuring regulatory RNAs found in fungi, plants, and animals. Some endogenous siRNAs are required to silence transposons or function in chromosome segregation; however, the specific roles of most endogenous siRNAs are unclear. The helicase gene eri-6/7 was identified in the...
Field and laboratory observations of feeding by invasive Pacific red lionfish Pterois volitans were conducted during June through August of 2008, 2009 and 2010 near Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas. Observations of this invasive marine predator revealed a previously undocumented piscivorous behavior. While slowly approaching prey fish, lionfish produce jets of...
The scheduled February 1985 launch of a radar altimeter aboard the U.S. Navy satellite Geosat has
motivated an in-depth investigation of wind speed retrieval from satellite altimeters. The accuracy of sea
surface wind speed estimated by the Seasat altimeter is examined by comparison with wind speed
estimated by the Seasat...
The diurnal cycles in cloud-top height H[subscript top] and cloud fraction (CF) in the southeastern Pacific stratocumulus region were determined for October-November 2008 by analyzing data from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-10 (GOES-10) according to a diurnal/semidiurnal harmonic fitting technique. The value of H[subscript top] was obtained by applying a formula...
Swiss needle cast (SNC) is a foliar disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) caused by Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii (Rohde) Petrak. This fungus is endemic to western North America, where it has historically had little impact in native forests. However, increasing disease severity in western Oregon since the 1990s has prompted renewed interest...
Bacteria in the class Alphaproteobacteria have a wide variety of lifestyles and physiologies. They include pathogens
of humans and livestock, agriculturally valuable strains, and several highly abundant marine groups. The ancestor of
mitochondria also originated in this clade. Despite significant effort to investigate the phylogeny of the
Alphaproteobacteria with a...
We present double-differential measurements of antineutrino charged-current quasielastic scattering in the MINERvA detector. This study improves on a previous single-differential measurement by using updated reconstruction algorithms and interaction models and provides a complete description of observed muon kinematics in the form of a double-differential cross section with respect to muon...
Uncertainty relations provide constraints on how well the outcomes of incompatible measurements can be predicted, and as well as being fundamental to our understanding of quantum theory, they have practical applications such as for cryptography and witnessing entanglement. Here we shed new light on the entropic form of these relations,...
