Cranberries are processed mainly for the production of jelly,
sauce and juice. The content of pectic substances in the cranberry
gives the fruit a desirable property for processing such products.
Pectic enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of pectic substances
may affect the consistency of these products.
The concern of this...
Health benefits obtained from consumption of fruits and vegetables have the potential to improve the lifestyle of individuals. The walnut is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich whole food that is readily available in the U.S and has been shown to potentially reduce risk of Metabolic Syndrome. Furthermore, consumption of polyphenol...
Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko),
is a widely distributed species in western north America,
and a major economic pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The objectives of this
study were to : 1) determine the inheritance of seedling and
adult plant resistances in...
Under-5 mortality has decreased globally, but millions of children still die every year. In Bangladesh, respiratory infection and diarrheal disease remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality for children under-5, despite incredible progress in the past three decades. Immune system development begins in utero and continues into adulthood. Toxic environmental...
Background:
The people of Bangladesh are currently exposed to high concentrations of arsenic and manganese in drinking water, as well as elevated lead in many regions. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between environmental exposure to these contaminants and neurodevelopmental outcomes among Bangladeshi children.
Methods:
We evaluated...
Full Text:
G. Rodrigues1,2,3*, David C. Bellinger1,2,3, Linda Valeri4,5, Md Omar Sharif Ibne Hasan6, Quazi
The research and analysis presented in this dissertation illustrate how individuals enact lived religion as they seek to navigate social inequalities. The enactment of lived religion involves directing attention towards orientations. I use the term orientations in the sense articulated by Ahmed (2004), to allude to how bodies are situated...
Immune system development during prenatal and early-life periods are essential for healthy development. Environmental and nutritional factors during these periods have strong influences on immune development and can have impacts on disease susceptibility for an individual throughout adulthood. Globally, hundreds of millions of people experience elevated environmental exposure to arsenic,...
Transmit beamforming is an important technique employed to improve efficiency and signal quality in wireless communication systems by steering signals towards their in- tended users. It often arises jointly with the antenna selection problem due to various reasons, such as limited number of radio frequency (RF) chains and energy/resource effi-...
In October 1977, a study was undertaken to determine the role of bovine adenovirus type 3 in enzootic pneumonia of calves, and the efficacy of using a vaccine for prevention of disease. Bovine adenovirus type 3 was isolated from the herd under study in the previous year. Calves in the...
The primary purpose of the present study is to explore the effect of wearing the hijab in a Western society on Muslim women’s well-being, their motivation to wear it, and the different modifications that they have made on their hijabs. To investigate the relationship between the hijab and Muslim women’s...
Environmental crime around the world, such as trafficking in illegal timber, is directly related to political instability. Traffickers exploit weak, fragile, and chaotic political circumstances to illegally extract high-value commodities, challenging the extent to which conservation goals are achievable in resource rich developing countries. Rosewood is the largest traded endangered...
Environmental contamination along roadways with lead from processed
petroleum and automotive residues has been reported. Toxicity to the herbivores grazing these areas has not been well studied. Comparison of lead concentrations adjacent to roads in Kuwait and in Oregon, USA was studied. Soil samples were taken from three sites at...
Bangladesh is a developing country with burdens of environmental pollution and disparities in maternal and child health. Arsenic, manganese, and lead are pervasive environmental contaminants throughout Bangladesh with major exposures through drinking water and ambient pollution. Chronic exposures to arsenic, manganese, and lead in sensitive populations such as pregnant women,...
This dissertation proposes the use of advanced time-varying approaches for modeling the dynamics of the multipath channel in wireless communication networks. These advanced time-varying approaches include linear Kalman innovation models in observable block companion form, and neural network-based models. The e˙ectiveness of these type of models is evaluated through three...
Carbonatable calcium silicate cement (CSC) is a promising approach to reduce the carbon footprint associated with concrete production. Carbonatable CSC gains strength by reacting with carbon dioxide (CO2). While the concept of carbonation is well known, more information on the curing process is needed. This study focuses on studying the...
This dissertation focuses on the behavior of security returns around certain events that occurred in the Saudi stock market. In the first study, we measure and analyze the reaction of security returns around a major horizontal merger that occurred in the banking industry in Saudi Arabia. The objective of this...
The dissertation focuses on the engineering of light-matter interaction using plasmonic nanoparticles and metamaterials to achieve enhanced luminescence and based on which to improve the performance of biosensing and light-emitting technologies. We designed and fabricated a spectrum of nanostructures to exhibit particular dispersion relations capable of controlling the spontaneous emission...
This compilation of theses and dissertations (a part of the OSU Bibliographic Series) for the period 1970-1977 reflects this university's emphasis on research and graduate study. It may be viewed as an indicator of the contributions made to the state of Oregon through graduate study and research at Oregon State...
Forests are one of the largest repositories of terrestrial C. Understanding factors that drive organic matter transformations and nutrient efflux from these systems is therefore highly important. Temperate forests are of particular significance due to the large fraction of C that is stored below ground in the soil. Characterizing nutrient...
Power can be defined as the ability to influence the processes, decisions, and outcomes of an activity in favor of the will of a strong actor and its allies. Strategic actions in situations where there is asymmetric power can change the result of decisions. In this research, I will examine...
Background: According to the National Mental Health Survey (NMHS), the treatment gap of any mental disorder in India among the general population was reported to be as high as 83% (R. S. Murthy, 2017). There is insufficient evidence currently describing the treatment gap among the child and adolescent population. Given...
Real-world datasets are dirty and contain many errors. Examples of these issues are violations of integrity constraints, duplicates, and inconsistencies in representing data values and entities. Applying machine learning on dirty databases may lead to inaccurate results. Users have to spend a lot of time and effort repairing data errors...
Post stratification is considered desirable in sample surveys for two
reasons - it reduces the mean squared error when averaged over all possible
samples, and it reduces the conditional bias when conditioned on stratum
sample sizes. The problem studied in this thesis is post stratified estimation
of a finite population...
Aerogels are interesting material systems with outstanding properties such as low density, high surface area, and low thermal conductivity. They can be used for a variety of applications, such as solar cells, sensors, or catalysts. Additionally they provide a unique model system to study the properties of small particles. Cellulose...
During the first full school year of the Covid-19 pandemic, two central contexts for adolescent development—home and school—changed utterly. In Oregon, most middle- and high schoolers attended school entirely remotely from the beginning of the pandemic, in March, 2020, through the end of April, 2021, removing both the supports available...
Mycorrhizal fungi in arid and semiarid rangelands have received little study in southwest Asia and north Africa, although they are important in food production and rangeland productivity. The desert truffles of the genera Terfezia and Tirmania form fruiting-bodies and mycorrhizae with rangeland plants. This thesis treats the taxonomy and the...
Membrane based heat pumps systems have attracted the attention of many research groups as a potentially more environmentally friendly alternative to vapor compression systems that are being used for space cooling in 90\% of the buildings in the United States. Several prototypes systems have been developed, with reported claims of...
The widespread use of wireless devices that we have recently been witnessing, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and wirelessly accessible devices in general, is causing an unprecedented growth in the required amount of the wireless radio spectrum. On the other hand, the spectrum resource has, for the last several decades,...
While digital inclusivity researchers and software practitioners have been trying to address exclusion biases in Windows, Icons, Menus, and Pointers (WIMP) user interfaces (UIs) for a long time, little has been done to investigate if and how inclusive software design and its methods that have been devised for WIMP UIs...
In Islam, paying and receiving interest is prohibited based on the belief that money should not be a commodity that is “rented” out; instead, Islamic lending structures arrange loans on an equity basis. This work examines the historical origins of interest prohibition and explains how different Islamic financial products provide...
Nanoparticles (NPs), defined as materials having at least one dimension (height, width, diameter) in the nanoscale, are increasingly being incorporated into a wide variety of products and are replacing traditional bulk materials in many applications. This is because they can be more efficacious, more sustainable, and can have unique characteristics...
This thesis consists of two major components. The first part is concerned with video object instance segmentation (VOS), which is the task of assigning per-pixel labels perframe of a video sequence to indicate foreground object instance membership, given the first frame ground truth mask. VOS has myriad applications, from video...
A significant body of research demonstrates that phytochemical intake favorably influences hepatic metabolism via a number of different biological mechanisms. Other research has shown a positive effect of certain phytochemicals on kidney health, specifically in ameliorating symptoms of kidney disease. The current research used three separate studies that tested the...
Analytical chemistry is an essential qualitative and quantitative tool to describe foods and biomaterials and their changes during production, processing and distribution. In this work, rapid analytical procedures for the extraction and quantification of components in fluid milk and diatom fermentation broth were developed. Analytical methods to measure the concentration...
Pre-spawning mortality (PSM) presents a major problem for population recovery of spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Willamette River basin. In certain reaches and years, PSM has exceeded 90%. Histology has been used as the primary diagnostic method to investigate PSM in the Chinook Salmon, and a collection of...
Analysis of observations on sequential events over time is common in real life. Sequential measurements over time describing the behavior of systems are usually called time series data, which have been collected in a wide range of disciplines. Over the years there have been multiple research areas in studying stochastic...
Diversity literary awards and other sources were used to create a list of high-quality titles written by and about underrepresented groups. This list was used to assess the diversity and inclusiveness of the library collections of a land-grant university. Gaps in the collection and acquisition processes were identified and will...
This paper addresses the high model complexity and overconfident frame labeling of state-of-the-art (SOTA) action segmenters. Their complexity is typically justified by the need to sequentially refine action segmentation through multiple stages of a deep architecture. However, this multistage refinement does not take into account uncertainty of frame labeling predicted...
Dilemma zones on the approach to high-speed signalized intersections have been identified as a safety problem that can contribute to rear–end and right–angle crashes. However, in situations when a pair of vehicles is caught in the dilemma zone, it is not well understood how the following vehicle’s headway and classification...
Fungi from the genus Chlorociboria are known for their production of the blue-green quinonic pigment xylindein. Extracted xylindein has been the subject of investigations ranging from fabric dying to use a coloring agent in paint, and shows potential as an organic semiconductor in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and other technologies. However,...
Triangulateration uses geometric distance to estimate the location of user by employing techniques like received signal strength (RSS), time-of-arrival (TOA), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and image processing.
Radio frequency (RF) signal positioning using TOA or TDOA techniques generally requires timing synchronization of the anchors and/or the anchors and targets. If the desired...
Desire for low-power, high performance computing has been at core of the symbiotic union between digital circuits and CMOS scaling. While digital circuit performance improves with device scaling, analog circuits have not gained these benefits. As a result, it has become necessary to leverage increased digital circuit performance to mitigate...
In 2017, the Rohingya refugee crisis became recognized as the fastest growing and among the densest concentration of refugees in the world. The Rohingya have no legal citizenship in any country and are considered a stateless population. Pregnant persons and children are often more vulnerable to the effects of humanitarian...
This multidisciplinary study integrates remote sensing, stratigraphy, siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentology, tectonics, and petrography of the Nisai, Khojak and Sharankar Formations to reveal the Paleogene depositional, diagenetic and deformational history of the Katawaz Basin.
Study of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) digital data shows that maximum discrimination of different rocks is...
Over time, Open Source Software (OSS) has become indispensable in the creation and upkeep of software products, serving as the fundamental building block for widely used solutions in our daily lives, including applications that enable communication, entertainment, and productivity. A sustainable OSS ecosystem is one that attracts and retains a...
This dissertation delves into understanding, characterizing, and addressing dataset shift in deep learning, a pervasive issue for deployed machine learning systems. Integral aspects of the problem are examined: We start with the use of counterfactual explanations in order to characterize the behavior of deep reinforcement learning agents in visual input...
Vortical structures are the driving mechanism of transition to turbulence in porous media requiring adequately resolved observations along with analysis of the scale and energy of flow within the pores. Of specific interest is to understand the vortex dynamics, energy, and turbulent mixing and transport properties in the scale of...
Learning novel concepts from relational databases is an important problem with applications in several disciplines, such as data management, natural language processing, and bioinformatics. For a learning algorithm to be effective, the input data should be clean and in some desired representation. However, real-world data is usually heterogeneous – the...
Proceedings of Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade, the 16th Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, held July 16-20, 2012 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
The focus of this thesis is to design, characterize, and apply novel computational methods and molecular systems to interrogate heterogeneous human gut microbiome-related phenomena. In Chapter 2, I design, implement, and characterize a method for embedding co-occurrence patterns derived from massive 16s amplicon datasets. I use this method to 1....
The scarcity of wireless spectrum resources and the overwhelming demand for wireless broadband resources have prompted industry, government agencies and academia within the wireless communities to develop and come up with effective solutions that can make additional spectrum available for broadband data. As part of these ongoing efforts, cognitive radio...
The objective of this dissertation is to enhance the monitoring of forest ecosystems through the utilization of remotely sensed data to address the exigencies posed by the Anthropocene. On a global scale, rising temperatures and fluctuating precipitation patterns have strained forests and produced shifts in natural disturbance regimes. Additionally, the...