Dimension analysis, acetylene reduction and canopy structure measurements were used to evaluate the relationship between density and dry weight production, nitrogen (N₂) fixation and photosynthate partitioning (as indicated by dimension analysis) in 5-year-old red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) plantations established at three initial spacings. Density strongly affected most dry weight...
Analysis of import trade since 1976 shows that forests of the Pacific Northwest provide
Japan with the largest share of pine mushrooms (Tricholoma spp.) outside of East Asia.
To determine whether North American pine mushrooms (Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck)
Redhead) merit more intensive management in the southern Cascade Range, a major...
Maritime cyclonic windstorms cause widespread disturbance to forested ecosystems in southeast Alaska. The consequence of this disturbance process on the movement, storage, and quality of soil carbon, forest hydrology and streamwater chemistry was studied along a windthrow disturbance sequence. Soil profiles were described and the thickness of the major organic...
Soil effects from mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa ) burrowing were
investigated in Oregon Coast Range soils formed from Tyee sandstone. The potential
for observed changes in soil to affect productivity was assessed. Soil horizons from
mountain beaver mound soil and adjacent unmounded profiles were collected with a
monolith-type quantitative sampler....
Remote sensing technologies have proven useful and cost-efficient for quantifying various forest vegetation characteristics over multiple scales. However, significant limitations were encountered in each of two related experiments conducted to explore their potential to supplement or replace traditional, single-species biomass equations for estimation of ground vegetation and tree overstory on...
Soil organic carbon (SOC, kg C m-2) is an important component in evaluating global C stores. The nitrogen (TN, kg N m"2) cycle is closely linked to C and understanding its role is also important. Contents and distributions of SOC and TN in soil profiles, to 1-meter depth, were estimated...
Though the mixed-evergreen forests of the Klamath Siskiyous have a long history of large, mixed-severity fires, most research in this region has concentrated on the impacts of high-severity fire. Knowledge of the ecological effects of low- and moderate-severity areas within mixed-severity fires is important because such areas may account for...
Stem growth, stem form development, and the dynamics of crown recession in young red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) were studied by analyzing annual growth rings of stems and
knots, annual height increments, projected crown areas, and branch diameters. Forty-one
trees were sampled from three plantation spacing studies, representing ages 1...
Changes in soil C and N pools following wildfire are
quite varied, but there is little understanding of the
causes of the variation. We examined how the
legacies of prefire ecosystem structure may explain
the variation in soil trajectories during the first
decade following wildfire. Five years prior to
wildfire...
Full Text:
Prefire Ecosystem Structure in
Douglas-Fir Forest
Peter S. Homann,1* BernardT. Bormann,2 Brett A
Soil is an important, dynamic component of regional and global mercury (Hg) cycles. This study evaluated how changes in forest soil Hg masses caused by atmospheric deposition and wildfire are affected by forest structure. Pre and postfire soil Hg measurements were made over two decades on replicate experimental units of...
Changes in soil C and N pools following wildfire are
quite varied, but there is little understanding of the
causes of the variation. We examined how the
legacies of prefire ecosystem structure may explain
the variation in soil trajectories during the first
decade following wildfire. Five years prior to
wildfire...
Changes in soil C and N pools following wildfire are quite varied, but there is little understanding of the causes of the variation. We examined how the legacies of prefire ecosystem structure may explain the variation in soil trajectories during the first decade following wildfire. Five years prior to wildfire...
Early-successional stages have been truncated and altered in many western U.S. forest landscapes by
planting conifers, controlling competing vegetation, suppressing fire, and focusing on maintaining late-seral
species and undisturbed riparian zones. Declining area of early-successional stages may be reducing
resilience and sustainability on landscapes that experience elevated disturbance related to...
Full Text:
@earthlink.net (S.N. Little).
1 Present address: Retired, Portland, OR, United States.
BernardT. Bormann a
Early-successional stages have been truncated and altered in many western U.S. forest landscapes by
planting conifers, controlling competing vegetation, suppressing fire, and focusing on maintaining late-seral
species and undisturbed riparian zones. Declining area of early-successional stages may be reducing
resilience and sustainability on landscapes that experience elevated disturbance related to...
Full Text:
for biodiversity and long-term productivity of
conifer forests in southwestern Oregon
BernardT
Early-successional stages have been truncated and altered in many western U.S. forest landscapes by planting conifers, controlling competing vegetation, suppressing fire, and focusing on maintaining late-seral species and undisturbed riparian zones. Declining area of early-successional stages may be reducing resilience and sustainability on landscapes that experience elevated disturbance related to...
T cells are one of the key cells in the immune system. Although they are not the first line of defense against a pathogen, their functions can greatly enhance the phagocytosis and destruction of pathogens as well as the development of antibody responses. Furthermore, even when responding T cells have...
Previous work at Stanford University has demonstrated that inductance in the
substrate connection is the principal problem underlying the coupling of digital
switching noise into analog circuits. The low impedance substrate can be treated
as a single node over a local area. Switching in the digital circuits produces
current transients...
Traditional readings of George Bernard Shaw's texts suggest that he is not a pure
Marxist socialist because of the spiritual and nationalist aspects of his vision. This thesis
attempts to confront Shaw's politics in order to demonstrate that he indeed offers a viable
socialist program. Overlaying his socialism with Louis...
Euphausiids are recognized as essential components of marine food webs throughout the world’s oceans due to their role as prey for many species including whales, seabirds, and commercial fishes. The Kitimat Fjord System is an important fisheries area and is the only fjord habitat on the British Columbia coast that...
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_____________________________________________________________________
Kim S. Bernard
Euphausiids are recognized as essential components of marine food webs
A method of calculating decay heat is presented which is a simplification of existing calculational methods, the summation method in particular. The method involves the assumption that one physical process, neutron capture, is negligible in order to simplify the governing physical equations. A Greens function is derived and the decay...
The uncertainty in decay energy for those fission products
which contribute significantly to reactor shutdown
power was evaluated. The methodology used assigned significantly
larger uncertainties for data which were theoretically
predicted than it did for experimentally determined
data. The uncertainty was modeled as an increasing function
of distance from beta...
The experimental measurements of the decay heat from
the products of the thermal fission of U-235 have been compared
with the OSU-proposed decay heat standard. These experiments
are intended to verify the decay heat calculational
methods and nuclear data files. The comparisons have
included the previous experiments reviewed by Perry...
There are two primary methods of determining the decay
heat generated after the shutdown of a nuclear reactor. One
of these methods is integral experimental measurement of
decay heat from the products of thermal-neutron fission of
235
U. The other method is a summation calculation (computer
codes) based on nuclear...
The magnitude of the effect on decay heat of neutron
capture by fission products for hypothesized "worst case"
irradiations was examined. This effect is shown to be
small (less than 2 percent) for times less than 1,000
seconds and a simple model is presented for estimating
the magnitude of the...
Unit cell or pin cell calculations form the basis for
most nuclear core modeling. Because of this, it is of primary
importance to perform these unit cell calculations
accurately.
The subject of this thesis is the analysis of one of
the major approximations made in unit cell modeling, the
infinite...
To utilize energy resources as efficiently as possible has
become a necessity today. The purpose of this study is to see
how this can be done by extending burnup in a light water reactor.
Specifically, an in-out refueling scheme might extract the maximum
energy from nuclear fuel during its redidence...
The cost of ionizing radiation exposure to people and property has
been estimated as between $10 and $250 per man-rem by several investigators
in the early 70's. These values were considered acceptable by the International
Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). However, in the
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's (NRC) "Numerical guide...
A recent review of nuclear reactor emergency core
cooling systems has required renewed investigations into
the present knowledge of experiments which have measured
after-heat. Of special interest are some experiments which
were performed after Shure's 1961 evaluation, upon which
the American Nuclear Society (ANS) recommended after-heat
curves are based.
Experiments...
Pressurized water reactors are presently controlled
by the use of materials which absorb neutrons as their
only effect; this reduces the neutron economy of the
system, since these neutrons are lost without helping to
maintain the chain reaction. The system examined in
this study replaces these absorbing materials with a...
Independent fission product yields are primary input nuclear
data in the evaluation of nuclear reactor after-heat when using a
nuclide-decay summation method. The error in yield values is one
of the major causes of uncertainty of this calculation. Since only
a small fraction of the fission product yields has been...
Even in remote environments, human and natural systems are connected. Pressing environmental and social changes warrant the field of science to not only continue to enhance understanding of the natural world, but also consider the socio-ecological implications of research in the coupled human-natural system. Additionally, a need exists for communication...
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_______________________________________________________________________
Kim S. Bernard
Even in remote environments, human and natural systems are connected
This study is focused primarily on the development and evaluation
of the SUTOE (Self Understanding Through Occupational Exploration)
program in the State of Oregon. It cites the need for a relevant
curriculum for junior high school age youth, and reviews the philosophical
basis for development of the SUTOE course.
The...
Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions are causing ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming, which have negative effects on the larvae of many marine invertebrates. Oregon pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani) currently encounter upwelling events that can result in pH values as low as 7.6, and, more recently, marine heat waves that raise...
This presentation provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B4: LO - Government Solutions. The session was chaired by Professor Gil Sylvia and the presentation was given by...
Measurements
were
made
of the
energy
loss
in
a
superconducting
wire
coil
subjected
to
an
axial
magnetic
field
consisting
of
a
ripple
field
superimposed
on
a
steady
field.
The
loss
was
measured
calorimetrically
using
a
sonic
thermometer
consisting
of
a
resonance tube
filled
with
helium
gas
in
thermal
contact
with...