The time evolution of mixing in turbulent overturns is investigated using a combination of direct numerical simulations (DNS) and microstructure profiles obtained during two field experiments. The focus is on the flux coefficient Γ, the ratio of the turbulent buoyancy flux to the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ϵ. In...
Patterns of β diversity are commonly used to infer underlying ecological processes. In this study, we examined the effect of spatial configuration of habitat capacity on different metrics of β diversity, i.e., β diversity measured as turnover and as variation. For β diversity as turnover, a monotonic species spatial turnover...
In spite of the effects of several form of temporal variability that tend to mask geographical patterns in turbulence intensity, our evidence indicates that the turbulence is enhanced above the equatorial undercurrent in comparison to latitudes north and south of it. This evidence consists of three meridional transects of micro-structure...
The vapor-drying process is described briefly and its present status in industry is discussed. Fairly extensive data on the vapor drying of 1-, 2-, and 4-inch Douglas-fir and 2-inch western hemlock lumber are presented. Exploratory work on the vapor drying of redwood, Pacific madrone, red alder and ponderosa pine is...
Mountain pine beetle developed to epidemic levels in lodgepole pine stands in the Thompson River drainage in 1971. Approximately 506,616 trees are infested on 4,444 hectares. Based on buildup ratios, infestations are expected to intensify; develop in uninfected stands; and kill about 1,763,024 trees in 1977. Salvage logging of infested...