This research was designed to evaluate the Fatty Acid Signature (FAS) technique as a non-lethal alternative to more traditional, and sometimes destructive, methods of studying the diet composition of piscivorous birds. Specifically we tested the technique with Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) which currently nest in large numbers in the Columbia...
The California brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus) is listed as an endangered species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The Recovery Plan for this subspecies outlines the need to "Assure long-term protection of adequate food supplies and essential. . .roosting. . . habitat throughout the range." I investigated the effects...
Hydrogen cyanamide (CY) induced earlier budbreak, more
uniform and a higher percentage of budbreak in resting
poplar (Populus alba x P. gradidentata, NC 5339) plants.
However, it was phytotoxic to poplar when applied at 0.5 M
or higher concentrations. Percent budbreak increased and
percent dieback decreased when poplar plants were...
We present a new hypothesis to explain the millennial-scale temperature variability recorded in ice cores known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) cycles. We propose that an ice shelf acted in concert with sea ice to set the slow and fast timescales of the DO cycle, respectively. The abrupt warming at the onset...
Due to lower sea levels during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), tidal energy dissipation was shifted from the shallow margins into the deep ocean. Here using a high-resolution tide model, we estimate that global energy fluxes below 200 m depth were almost quadrupled during the LGM. Applying the energy fluxes to...
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sediments [Adkins
et al., 2002], which may imply stronger stratification. The effects of realistic LGM
In mature Arabidopsis seeds, the testa (seed coat) is no longer a living tissue. Thus,
major sites of gene expression in imbibed seeds are the internal living tissues such
as the embryo and the endosperm. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of seed
germination, the gene regulation in these two tissues...
Suspected thifensulfuron resistant spiny annual sow-thistle was identified near Colfax, Washington, in two fields with a winter wheat and lentil rotation. Therefore, studies were conducted to examine resistance of spiny annual sow-thistle to thifensulfuron and cross-resistance to other acetolactate synthase inhibitors and to determine the physiological and molecular basis for...
I studied developmental rates in a suite of temperate and tropical passerine bird species from the New World to test the hypothesis that tropical passerines exhibit slower patterns of growth and development than temperate birds. I also investigated how the expression of several developmental rates varied with life history traits...
This particular study focuses on the changes in the ideas and perspectives of Nicaraguan women throughout the span of several generations. With the gaining popularity and successful strides that women have made to advance the Women’s Movement in Nicaragua, the definition of empowerment, the ideology of stereotypes, and the manner...
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, derechos reproductivos, y otros temas que siento que me han empoderado como
persona, también los hablan
This dissertation explores one overarching question relevant to the
paleoclimate of the latest Pleistocene glacial cycle (approximately the last
130,000 years): “How did spatial and temporal evolution of ocean
temperature, both at the surface and interior, relate to other parts of the
climate system in the late Pleistocene?” Results from...
In the Columbia Basin, pre-plant soil fumigation is commonly used in potato production for pest control, but fumigation can kill non-target organisms within the soil, result in unintended shifts in the microbial community, and disrupt long-term soil health. Cover crops have been shown to strongly influence the numbers and communities...
Academic success is a salient domain of youth development and is related to positive lifelong outcomes among youth in foster care. However, youth in foster care experience compounding adversities, including maltreatment and foster care placement itself, which put them at risk of academic disengagement and underachievement. Despite these adversities, academic...
The rise in atmospheric CO₂ during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1; 14.5–17.5 kyr B.P.) may have been driven by the release of carbon from the abyssal ocean. Model simulations suggest that wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean can liberate ¹³C-depleted carbon from the abyss, causing atmospheric CO₂ to increase and the δ¹³C...
Issues of right to life, as well as death have surfaced as topics of hot debate. In particular, questions about when and if individuals have the right to end their own lives have emerged and gained considerable attention as health policy issues having the potential to affect all Americans..
The...
Attention to the benefits of mindfulness practice transcends the fields of mental health and medicine. Extensive research has explored the use of mindfulness-based practices in counseling and psychotherapy. Benefits of mindfulness practice, both during session and in cases in which mindfulness was only practiced by the therapist outside of session,...
New ice cores retrieved from the Taylor Glacier (Antarctica) blue ice area contain ice and air spanning the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5/4 transition, a period of global cooling and ice sheet expansion. Chronologies were determined for the ice and air bubbles in the new ice cores by visually matching...
During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼ 21 ky before present) the atmospheric CO2 concentration was about 100 ppm lower than its pre-industrial (PI)value. The missing carbon from the atmosphere must have been stored in thedeep ocean during this period, but the mechanisms driving such re-distribution ofthe carbon cycle are...
Vineyard acreage in Oregon continues to increase at a rapid pace. In the past two years alone 1600 acres of new vineyard land have been planted (Rowley et al., 2000). Much of this has been on phylloxera-resistant rootstocks. This practice is strongly encouraged, since it is the only practical way...
Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV), the causal agent of red blotch disease (RBD) in grapevine, Vitis vinifera L., is an emerging pathogen of significance to the wine grape industry of Oregon, USA. To address knowledge gaps of GRBV epidemiology, spread of GRBV was evaluated in Oregon vineyards over four years....
The deglacial behavior of the sub-Arctic North Pacific is poorly constrained, with many published records suffering from limited age control due to extensive post- depositional biogenic carbonate dissolution. Potential alternative dating methods could include the correlation of stable-isotopic and/or paleomagnetic secular variation records to an independently-dated regional template, however no...
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers are reported for 68 nuclear-encoded microsatellites developed during the past several years from genomic libraries of red drum (Sciaenops ocelwtus). All68 microsatellites were tested for reproducibility and polymorphism on a sample of five to 12 red drum; 60 of the microsatellites were found to be...
Published October 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Solioccasus polychromus gen. & sp. nov., the most brightly colored hypogeous fungus known, is described from Papua New Guinea and tropical northern Australia south into subtropical forests along the Queensland coast and coastal mountains to near Brisbane. Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data places it as a sister genus to Bothia...
An investigation of the correlation between a number of behavioral,
morphological and physiological parameters and dominance status of male
Ring-necked Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) was undertaken. Dominant
males performed significantly more aggressive behaviors than
subordinates and a higher proportion of these behaviors was directed
toward distantly ranked subordinates. Animals could also...
Background: Prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure is associated with adverse child neurobehavioral
outcomes. Because Hg can interfere with placental functioning and cross the placenta to target the
fetal brain, prenatal Hg exposure can inhibit fetal growth and development directly and indirectly.
Objectives: We examined potential associations between prenatal Hg exposure assessed...
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methylation). Array quality assurance was
assessed; poor-performing loci, X- and
Y-linked loci, and SNP
Proteins are the metabolic machines of the cell and as such, the study of proteins could illuminate the dominant biological activities that are occurring within cells and reveal how an organism interacts with its environment. Here, we used proteomic techniques to study the abundant marine bacterium SAR11 both as an...
Incidental bycatch in commercial fisheries has been identified as a threat to black-footed albatrosses (Phoebastria nigripes) and Laysan albatrosses (P. immutabilis). Effective long-term conservation of these albatrosses necessitates a thorough understanding of their marine distribution, which marine habitats are selected during foraging, and where they are most likely to interact...
Colony size, nesting ecology and diet of Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia) were investigated in the San Francisco Bay area (SFBA) during 2003-2009 to assess the potential for conservation of the tern breeding population and possible negative effects of predation on survival of juvenile salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.). Numbers of breeding Caspian...
Simulations of past climates require altered
boundary conditions to account for known shifts in the Earth
system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent
deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere
ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography
and albedo. While ice-sheet extent is fairly well
known, numerous...
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) strength (Yu et al., 1996;
Adkins et al., 2002; Wunsch, 2003; Curry and Oppo, 2005;
Lynch-Steiglitz et al
Disease control is a crucial aspect of plant breeding for researchers as well as commercial producers. After samples from OSU's tomato breeding program tested positive for Columnea latent viroid in a screen done by a private company, secondary testing was done by the USDA laboratory in Corvallis which suggested that...
For the last 30 years, the population of Mexico has grappled with overweight, obesity, and associated chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes and hypertension. To standardize care among healthcare providers and dietitians, an official nutritional guideline was published in the early 2000s, which included a non-modifiable food-based dietary guideline in...
This thesis is a rhetorical analysis of American newspaper coverage of Hồ Chí Minh from 1954-1969. My method is the Pragmatic Attitude, created by Elizabeth and Jay Mechling. My foci of study are the polls and letters to the editor from this same period. These foci of study are used...
The global water crisis is defined as one of the major threats facing humankind over the next decade with over 1 in 10 people lacking access to clean drinking water worldwide. An estimated 1.2 million people pasteurize their drinking water by using boiling as an indicator. Pasteurization is the process...
Weeping alkaligrass (Puccinellia distans) and Nuttall’s alkaligrass (Puccinellia
nuttalliana) infest Kentucky bluegrass seed fields of eastern Oregon. Weeping
alkaligrass is an introduced species from Eurasia, whereas Nuttall’s alkaligrass is
native to semi arid environments of western North America. These species are often
referred to collectively as ‘alkaligrass’; however, for farmers...
Potato purple top disease is caused by a phytoplasma
known as Beet Leafhopper Transmitted Virescence Agent
(BLTVA), which is vectored by the beet leafhopper (BLH,
Circulifer tenellus Baker). Previous studies determined that
BLTVA can cause significant reductions in yield and tuber
quality; however, quantifying the damage caused by BLTVA
and...
Authigenic carbonates and chemosymbiotic biota are archives of seepage 1 history and record paleo-environmental conditions at seep sites. Based on mineral and stable isotope compositions and U/Th-isotope systematics of seep carbonates and Calyptogena sp shell fragments from three seep sites located at 22°02' ~22°09'N, 118°43'~118°52'E (water depths: 473 m to...
Establishing a therapeutic alliance or a therapeutic bond has long been seen as an essential component of obtaining positive treatment outcomes in clinical practice. More recently, the idea of recognizing therapeutic alliance ruptures (disagreements about the tasks or goals of therapy or a problem in the therapeutic bond) during counseling...
Manual wheelchair propulsion is a physiologically stressful and biomechanically inefficient form of locomotion. The repetitious nature of propulsion puts wheelchair uses at high risk for developing upper extremity overuse injuries. Previous kinematic analysis has revealed that wheelchair users employ several distinct stroking techniques. One of the techniques, circular pattern (CP),...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the survival and movements of newly metamorphosed Northern Red-legged frogs (Rana aurora aurora) as they emigrated from two ephemeral breeding ponds. Quantifying survival and movement rates will be important to our understanding how changes to terrestrial and aquatic systems affect behavior and...
A three-dimensional, process-based model of the ocean’s carbon and nitrogen cycles, including
13C and 15N isotopes, is used to explore effects of idealized changes in the soft-tissue biological pump. Results
are presented from one preindustrial control run (piCtrl) and six simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum
(LGM) with increasing values...
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observations [Adkins et al., 2002; Insua et al., 2014]. However, the salinification of bottom
waters in the
The isotopic compositions of interstitial waters collected from Hydrate
Ridge during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 204 were measured to
evaluate the fluid evolution of this accretionary prism. At shallow
depths, the dissolved Cl- concentrations and δD and δ¹⁸O values of the
interstitial water reflect changes in the salinity and the...
We evaluated the impact of predation on juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss and yearling and subyearling Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha by piscivorous waterbirds from 11 different breeding colonies in the Columbia River basin during 2012 and 2014. Fish were tagged with both acoustic tags and PIT tags and were tracked via...
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generally
found on-colony (Gaston and Smith 1984; Adkins et al. 2014).
Estimates of breeding colony sizes
Identification of the factors that influence susceptibility to predation can aid in developing management strategies to recover fish populations of conservation concern. Predator-prey relationships can be influenced by numerous factors, including prey condition, prey size, and environmental conditions. We investigated these factors by using juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from the...
Organizational values are an important factor in the work of many organizations and can guide both day-to-day decision-making and long-term strategic planning. Little previous research has documented the impact of core values on individual performance in military environments nor the effect of core values on leadership attributes. In this study,...
The phantom midges (Diptera: Chaoboridae) are a relatively small fly family composed of 50 extant species in six genera. Larvae are of interest to limnologists and ecologists because of their tolerance to toxicants, predatory avoidance strategies, and the role chaoborids play in zooplankton community dynamics. Relative to mosquitoes, systematists have...
Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) is an important warm-season perennial turfgrass, known for its tolerance to salinity. Turfgrass is used for homes, municipalities, sod farms, resorts, and sports fields. Seashore paspalum has historically been planted in sub-tropical and tropical climates because of its heat tolerance. Seashore paspalum could become an...
Declines in wild salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations in the Columbia River basin have resulted in managers identifying that avian predation on juvenile salmonids is an important limiting factor for salmonid recovery. Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia), particularly those nesting in the Columbia River estuary, were identified as key avian predators that...
Climate model simulations and paleoclimate proxies are two tools that enable an understanding of the climate history of the Earth. When utilized together, they form a powerful paradigm for understanding past changes. Proxies are the only physical link to the past conditions on Earth, and models “fill in the gaps”...
The behavior of six herbicides in soil was studied under controlled laboratory conditions. Sorption of bromacil, chiorotoluron and diuron was assessed by the batch equilibration procedure over a broad range of aqueous phase sorbate concentration. Linear equilibrium sorption constants (K[subscript p]) were slightly higher at 4° C than at 25°...
Many endemic species, particularly those on
remote islands, have been driven to extinction or near extinction
by anthropogenic influences. The short-tailed albatross
Phoebastria albatrus once numbered in the millions
but was thought to be extinct by the mid 20th century.
Albatrosses, of the family Diomedeidae, are among the most
threatened...
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species conservation and
island restoration
T OM O H I R O D E G U C H I , R O B E R T M . S U R Y A N
We investigate in this thesis, the problem of stability
of thermo-viscoelastic fluid flow between rotating
coaxial cylinders. By using the thermo-viscoelastic
constitutive equations given by Eringen, we reduce the
equations of motion into a form suitable for stability
analysis. The course of reduction which we follow yields
some interesting intermediate...
In this era of free trade and globalization, food is traveling greater and greater distances to its consumers. This is causing small farms and small farmers all over the world to protest as their livelihood is being undercut by cheap agricultural commodities from outside their communities. In the Ecuadorian Andes,...
Over recent decades, the marine ecosystems of Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska have experienced the concurrent effects of a major anthropogenic disturbance, the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS), and a dynamic atmospheric-oceanic environment. Studies of top marine consumers can provide insights into processes of ecosystem change. Using data collected...
The Younger Dryas cold interval represents a time when much of the Northern Hemisphere cooled from ≈12.9 to 11.5 kiloyears B.P. The cause of this event, which has long been viewed as the canonical example of abrupt climate change, was initially attributed to the routing of freshwater to the St....
We apply GENMOM, a coupled atmosphere–ocean climate model, to simulate eight equilibrium time
slices at 3000-year intervals for the past 21,000 years forced
by changes in Earth–Sun geometry, atmospheric greenhouse
gases (GHGs), continental ice sheets, and sea level. Simulated
global cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum
(LGM) is 3.8°C and...
This particular study focuses on the changes in the ideas and perspectives of Nicaraguan women throughout the span of several generations. With the gaining popularity and successful strides that women have made to advance the Women’s Movement in Nicaragua, the definition of empowerment, the ideology of stereotypes, and the manner...
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nicaragüense que tuve la valentía y el estímulo. Gracia para el privilegio y el
honor para trabajar, hablar
Embryonic diapause is a reproductive strategy widespread in the animal kingdom. This phenomenon is defined by a temporary arrest in blastocyst growth and metabolic activity within a quiescent uterus without implantation until the environmental and maternal milieu become favorable for pregnancy to progress. We found that uterine Msx expression persists...
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Limiting Inflammation in the Uterus
Cha, J., Burnum-Johnson, K. E., Bartos, A., Li, Y., Baker, E. S
In the Western United States where 50-70% of annual precipitation comes in the form of winter snowfall, water supplies may be particularly sensitive to a warming climate. We worked with a network of stakeholders in the Big Wood Basin, Idaho, to explore how climate change may affect water resources and...
When a single object is captured by multiple edge devices, the data captured by every edge device could contain both public and private information. The private information in every copy of the data captured has to be preserved while the public information has to be utilized for any further machine...
Disclaimer: This special report describes and reports research. The mention of proprietary or patented names does not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture or Oregon State University.
The Pigeon Guillemot (Cepphus columba) is now the only species of marine bird in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska that is listed as "not recovering" on the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill (EVOS) Trustee Council's Injured Resources List and has shown no sign of population recovery. During the 20 years since...
Internal tide generation, propagation, and dissipation are investigated in Luzon Strait, a system of two quasi-parallel ridges situated between Taiwan and the Philippines. Two profiling moorings deployed for about 20 days and a set of nineteen 36-h lowered ADCP-CTD time series stations allowed separate measurement of diurnal and semidiurnal internal...
Internal tide generation, propagation, and dissipation are investigated in Luzon Strait, a system of two quasi-parallel ridges situated between Taiwan and the Philippines. Two profiling moorings deployed for about 20 days and a set of nineteen 36-h lowered ADCP–CTD time series stations allowed separate measurement of diurnal and semidiurnal internal...
Bird predation of juvenile salmonids and/or bird predation control are reviewed for 14 of the 18 mainstem dams on the Columbia and Snake Rivers, but there was little information for some of these dams. California gulls, ring-billed gulls, Caspian terns, double-crested cormorants, American white pelicans, and several other bird species...
Nitrogen is one of the major nutrients limiting microbial productivity in the ocean, and as a result, most marine microorganisms
have evolved systems for responding to nitrogen stress. The highly abundant alphaproteobacterium “Candidatus
Pelagibacter ubique,” a cultured member of the order Pelagibacterales (SAR11), lacks the canonical GlnB, GlnD, GlnK, and...
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line is
given by the equation y � 0.28x � 2.7, indicating a requirement of 338 atto-
moles of nitrogen
There is not yet widespread agreement as to the underlying cause of the 80– 100 ppmv roughly 100-kyr-duration glacial-interglacial cycles in atmospheric pCO2. Most of the mechanisms which have been proposed to account for the observed pCO2 variations appear to in some way violate interpretations of paleo proxy data. The...
A comprehensive tribal-level classification for the world's subfamilies of Hesperiidae, the skipper butterflies, is proposed for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships between tribes and subfamilies are inferred using DNA sequence data from three gene regions: 943 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 739 bp of...
Important progress in understanding replication, interactions with host plants, and evolution of closteroviruses enabled engineering of several vectors for gene expression and virus-induced gene silencing. Due to the broad host range of closteroviruses, these vectors expanded vector applicability to include important woody plants such as citrus and grapevine. Furthermore, large...
The Global Overturning Circulation (GOC) is a major component of the global climate system. Understanding its behavior is pertinent to our prediction of climate change in the future. The lack of long-term observations of GOC in the modern instrumental era necessitates studies of GOC using paleoceanographic records. Of great interest...
This study utilized a qualitative approach to explore how Healthy Start home visiting services affect participants' parenting and lives in general. The purpose of this study was to explore both the intended and unintended outcomes of Healthy Start, using the theory of transformative learning. This theory postulates that through education...
Childhood obesity has increased dramatically over the last several decades, particularly in industrialized countries, often accompanied by acceleration of pubertal progression and associated reproductive abnormalities (Biro et al., 2006; Rosenfield et al., 2009). The timing of pubertal initiation and progression in mammals is likely influenced by nutritional and metabolic state,...
The delta O-18 signal preserved in paleoarchives is widely used to reconstruct past climate conditions. In many speleothems, this signal is classically interpreted via the amount effect. However, recent work has shown that precipitation delta O-18 (delta O-18(p)) is greatly influenced by convective processes distinct from precipitation amount, and new...
LIDAR scanners can rapidly collect high resolution, cm-level accurate point clouds representing topography, suitable for change detection if scans are repeated over time. To perform meaningful volumetric change analyses, point clouds are commonly triangulated to produce continuous, digital terrain models (DTMs). However, DTM creation methods generally require a fixed look...
A hydrodynamic model incorporating a self‐consistent treatment of ocean self‐attraction and loading (SAL), and a physically based parameterization of internal tide (IT) drag, is used to assess how accurately barotropic tides can be modeled without benefit of data, and to explore tidal energetics in the last glacial maximum (LGM). M2...
The gonadal steroids, testosterone and estradiol, are known to be important
modulators of neuronal functions and behaviors in most vertebrate species. These
steroid hormones also elicit changes in neuropeptide synthesis and secretion, alter
specific neurohormone receptor levels, and alter neuronal morphology and
electrophysiology. Many of the actions of androgens and...
Batch cultures of Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique were grown under iron-, organosulfur-, and nitrogen-limiting conditions to understand how this ubiquitous marine bacterium responds to and interacts with environments where growth is limited by the availability of these nutrients. Global gene expression was monitored using microarrays and quantitative mass spectrometry to observe...
The purpose of this phenomenological research is to deepen understanding of the interrelationship between being lesbian and community college leadership experiences, values, priorities, practices, and identity negotiation. The following outlines thematic research findings.
1. Lesbian community college administrators' have experiences in:
-- Anti-lesbian work environments that exposed them to homophobic...