This study evaluated effects of Positive Action, a school-based social-emotional and character development (SECD) intervention, on indicators of positive youth development (PYD) among a sample of low-income, ethnic minority youth attending 14 urban schools. The study used a matched-pair, cluster-randomized controlled design at the school level. A multiple-measure self-report protocol...
Quality relationships among families and teachers in early care and education (ECE) hold
promise to nurture resilience among children impacted by adversity. However, little is known
about how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may also affect the interactions between
families and teachers. This study uses quantitative survey data from families (N...
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common in a wide variety of sports and most frequently occur during activities requiring rapid deceleration such as landing and cutting. Deceleration of the body's center of mass during movement results primarily from eccentric muscle contraction. This type of contraction serves to absorb energy from...
Despite growing efforts to recruit individuals from diverse backgrounds, natural resources fields, including marine aquatic and fisheries science, do not reflect the diversity of the United States. This dissertation utilized three studies to explore underrepresentation in marine, aquatic, and fisheries sciences by examining career influences, experiences, and perspectives at different...
Road racing shoes have recently evolved to incorporate maximal midsole cushioning and an embedded carbon fiber plate. Shoes in this category have been labeled ‘Advanced Footwear Technology’ (AFT) and may significantly contribute to improvements in running economy, in part due to biomechanical changes at the foot and ankle. However, little...
Prior research has demonstrated that unique and salient objects in a visual display may capture an individual’s attention. However, researchers have shown that some individuals, such as those with video game experience, are better at resisting salient-driven capture compared to others (Chisholm et al., 2010). The first manuscript presented in...
Motor skill deficits are present and persist in school-aged children with autism
spectrum disorder (ASD; Staples & Reid, 2010). Yet the focus of intervention is
on core impairments, which are part of the diagnostic criteria for ASD, deficits in
social communication skills. The purpose of this study is to determine...
Affective reactions to daily stressors are known mechanisms through which daily stressors impact health and well-being (e.g., Charles et al., 2013; Piazza et al., 2013; Sin et al., 2015; Stawski et al., 2019). Therefore, understanding what may promote resilience or vulnerability to such affective reactions is imperative. Theoretical perspectives (Almeida,...
A healthy nation starts with healthy citizens, and participation in sports is one of the most powerful ways to promote healthy habits for a lifetime—not only for physical fitness but also for emotional wellbeing and social cohesion. The natural enthusiasm that children and adolescents (collectively referred to as “youth”) have...
When observers monitor for infrequent signals for extended durations, they generally experience a decline in detections over time. This decline is termed the vigilance decrement. Current theories of vigilance attribute the decrement to three potential mechanisms: conservative shifts in response bias, losses of sensitivity, and an increased rate of attentional...