The Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest region of the U.S. is home to the greatest hydroelectric system in the world. Its dams provide 75 percent of the power needs of nearly 10 million people. But the dams also create numerous obstacles to the survival of what was once the...
The relationship between population and residential property taxes
is not well understood. This study is an attempt to discern the relationship.
The basic questions examined are: How does population affect tax
bills? What are the short-run and long-run relationships between population and taxes? What reasons lie behind the answers to...
Published April 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The term "sustainable development" describes certain
proposals designed to provide the present generation with
such needs as food, shelter, and energy while sustaining the
environment or stock of natural resources for future
generations. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the
relationship between sustainable development and current
U.S. petroleum...
Published April 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published May 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
In this dissertation, the process of computational modeling of amorphous oxide materials is studied. Amorphous oxides have random atomic arrangements with no long-range structural order which makes it difficult to study structure-property relationships. Despite the difficulties, amorphous oxides have great uses as semiconductors and dielectrics in thin-film transistors. The ability...
Understanding ecological interaction strengths is one of the main objectives of ecology. Recently, two methods for estimating interaction strengths of predator-prey interactions in nature have been proposed: a field observation approach proposed by Novak and Wootton (2008) and stable isotope analysis. The field observation method estimates feeding rates based on...
An experimental investigation into the behavior of micro-bubbles flowing
through a micro-channel has been conducted. Experiments were performed within a
rectangular micro-channel with dimensions of 5 cm x 13.2 mm x l30 jim. Bubbles
were generated in an electrolyte solution by electrolysis at the lower channel wall near
the inlet....
Agrivoltaics, which integrates photovoltaic power production with agriculture in the same plot of land, has the potential to reduce land competition and crop irrigation. To optimize agrivoltaic systems for crop growth, energy pathways must be characterized. While solar panels shade the crops, they also emit longwave radiation. At the end...
Scientists say that climate change is very likely to cause more frequent and more severe weather events. In order to understand how communities respond to changing weather patterns, an exploration of the connection between extreme weather events and climate change awareness, collective action, and policy is warranted. This case study...
The Washougal Mining District is located on the western flanks of the southern Cascade Range of Washington, approximately 50 km (30 miles) northeast of Vancouver, Washington. The district has produced only $573 since 1903, derived from copper and silver. The presence of hydrothermal mineralization and breccia pipes similar to those...
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Richard James Shepard for the degree of Master of Science
in
As the atmosphere, the general bustle and rush in our busy eastern cities is vastly different from our quiet and peaceful west, so is there a great difference in the themes and styles of eastern and western authors. The influence of pioneer life and of western scenery, of climatic conditions...
Barth's theory of transactional analysis is applied to the
community of Tiller, Oregon and its reaction to a development proposal.
Community behavior patterns vis-a-vis the development proposal are
examined from a processual point of view to determine how these
patterns are generated.
The community's history and contemporary situation are described....
In 1746, Dr John Buchanan, a recently retired medical officer in the British Army, produced a manuscript, 'Regimental Practice, or a Short History of Diseases common to His Majesties own Royal Regiment of Horse Guards when abroad (Commonly called the Blews).' Revised almost until the time of Buchanan's death in...
To describe the life histories and demography of a fluvial population of Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus, we PIT-tagged and radio-tagged Bull Trout captured in Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River (Washington–Oregon), during 1998–2009. Adult abundance declined 63% during 2006–2010, driven primarily by a 10-fold reduction in subadult-to-adult...
The purpose of this document is to summarize the best scientific information presently available for bull trout (Salvelimus confluentus) throughout Oregon and to review their historical and current status. What started out as a relatively simple exercise to review and update the status report by Ratliff and Howell (1992) based...
Governments in less developed countries have recognized
in recent years the need to liberalize economic policies in
order to increase efficiency in agricultural commodity
markets. In an attempt to help decision makers assess
alternative choices, most policy studies, however, have
focused on the efficiency norm criterion without much
consideration for...
Marketing cooperatives that operate on a pool basis allocate net returns on the basis of the "economic value" of the raw products each member has delivered. Economic values ideally reflect the raw products' expected contributions to pool net return. In a competitive market, raw product prices would reflect these expected...
The following discussion is confined mostly to
that type of machine in which the squirrel care revolving
secondary it used. In its most primitive form it con -
listed simply of a disk- aramature as described by Baily
in 1870 and due to Tesla (1888), of the fact that two,...
Soil solution samplers have certain inadequacies that limit their range of
possible applications. Passive Capillary Samplers (PCAPS), which apply suction to the
soil pore-water via a fiber glass wick, have shown promising results in preliminary
experiments in regard to collection efficiency of water and of bromide tracers. The
objectives of...
Several taxonomic issues in the moth families Erebidae and Noctuidae are addressed for Northwestern North America. Drasteria parallela Crabo & Mustelin and Cycnia oregonensis tristis Crabo in the Erebidae and Eudryas brevipennis bonneville Shepard & Crabo, Resapamea diluvius Crabo, Resapamea angelika Crabo, Resapamea mammuthus Crabo, Fishia nigrescens Hammond & Crabo,...
L. C. Dunn (1893-1974) spent most of his scientific career conducting research in
developmental genetics as a member of the Zoology Department at Columbia
University in the City of New York. He had an accomplished scientific career
researching mutations in mice, which earned him respect from other geneticists and
scientists....
A long-standing debate concerns how functional responses are best described. Theory suggests that ratio dependence is consistent with many food web patterns left unexplained by the simplest prey-dependent models. However, for logistical reasons, ratio dependence and predator dependence more generally have seen infrequent empirical evaluation and then only so in...
"An important limitation In the study of tree roots has traditionally been the time necessary to excavate roots without injuring their fine structure. Thus, many root studies have been based on small samples and consequently contain large errors of estimation. This Note describes how large numbers of root systems from...
We combine large observed data sets and dynamically downscaled climate data to explore historic and future (2050-2069) stream temperature changes over the topographically diverse Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (elevation range=824-4017m). We link future stream temperatures with fish growth models to investigate how changing thermal regimes could influence the future distribution and...
Background:
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) is a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for occasional outbreaks of severe disease in humans and equines, resulting in high mortality and neurological impairment in most survivors. In the past, human disease outbreaks in the northeastern U.S. have occurred intermittently...
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Northeastern
U.S.
Goudarz Molaei1*, Michael C. Thomas1, Tim Muller2, Jan Medlock3, John J. Shepard1,
Philip M
Background:
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) is a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for occasional outbreaks of severe disease in humans and equines, resulting in high mortality and neurological impairment in most survivors. In the past, human disease outbreaks in the northeastern U.S. have occurred intermittently...
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presented.
Table C. Number and percentage of avian- and mammalian-derived blood meals
identified
Background:
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) is a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for occasional outbreaks of severe disease in humans and equines, resulting in high mortality and neurological impairment in most survivors. In the past, human disease outbreaks in the northeastern U.S. have occurred intermittently...
The ecology of female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and their
broods was studied during 1988-90 on Lower Klamath National Wildlife
Refuge, California. Survival of 127 radio-marked ducklings from 64
broods was 0.18 to 10 days of life, and 0.37 and 0.34 to fledging for
1988, 1989, and 1990, respectively. For the...
Background: Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most important plant viruses affecting potato production. The
interactions between potato and PVY are complex and the outcome of the interactions depends on the potato
genotype, the PVY strain, and the environmental conditions. A potato cultivar can induce resistance to a...
Background
Potato Virus Y (PVY) is one of the most important plant viruses affecting potato production. The interactions between potato and PVY are complex and the outcome of the interactions depends on the potato genotype, the PVY strain, and the environmental conditions. A potato cultivar can induce resistance to a...
As the 2008 growing season comes to a close, we prepared this newsletter to provide information on several research projects conducted by OSU faculty and students, address frost concerns from this fall, and showcase the OSU Viticulture & Enology undergraduate program alumni. Dr. Marcus Buchanan has a synopsis of an...
Critical Heat Flux (CHF) is an important safety parameter for the design of nuclear reactors. The most commonly used predictive tool for determination of CHF is a look-up table developed using tube data with an average hydraulic test diameter of 8 mm. There exist in the world today nuclear reactors...
Leafcutter ants cut trimmings from plants, carry them to their underground nests and cut them into smaller pieces before inoculating them with a fungus that serves as a primary food source for the colony. Cutting is energetically costly, so the amount of cutting is important in understanding foraging energetics. Estimates...
Pseudoperonospora cubensis is an obligate pathogen and
causative agent of cucurbit downy mildew. To help advance
our understanding of the pathogenicity of P. cubensis, we
used RNA-Seq to improve the quality of its reference
genome sequence. We also characterized the RNA-Seq
dataset to inventory transcript isoforms and infer alternative
splicing...
Disc gel electrophoresis of the vegatative cell -free extracts ofstrains of Clostridium botulinum types A, B, C, E, and F and therelated nontoxic group showed limited value as a means for identifyingthese closely related microorganisms, since separation,though not consistent in all cases, could only be based on the numberof protein...
Epigenetic changes, including aberrant DNA methylation, result in altered gene expression and play an important role in
carcinogenesis. Phytochemicals such as sulforaphane (SFN) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) are promising chemopreventive
agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. Both have been shown to induce re-expression of genes, including tumor
suppressor genes silenced...
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Methylation in Normal Prostate Epithelial Cells and Prostate
Cancer Cells
Wong CP, Hsu A, Buchanan A
Published October 2009. Reviewed January 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 2010. Reviewed January 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Sugar phosphate cyclases (SPCs) are enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of many important natural products. SPCs form a unique cyclitol during the early steps in the biosynthesis of many natural products. These natural products include rifamycin, which is chemically modified to rifampicin and used clinically as an antituberculosis drug, and...
In computer science, learning abstract fundamental programming concepts requiring students to understand memory management can be very difficult and lead to misunderstandings that carry on into advanced topics. This is especially true in data structures with abstract data types. Understanding how novice students think and reason about data structures is...
During extreme exercise, athletes experience increased inflammation that is similar to the acute phase response. Endurance athletes, distance runners in particular, are also more susceptible to compromised iron stores. This study evaluated inflammation, immune function and iron status in athletes completing a 50K ultramarathon. Twenty-two well-trained distance runners, 11 males...
The dynamics of land use in the State of Oregon are simulated
on a digital computer. The introductory chapter outlines the complex
nature of the problems facing the post-industrial society and argues
that the scientific and professional estates share in the responsibility
for public policy formulation. The second chapter .presents...
Welcome to the March 2011 Viticulture & Enology Newsletter! We have a number of great articles from members of our team to keep you informed. Marcus Buchanan provides an update on the mealybug trapping efforts that have been in place in southern Oregon’s winegrape regions since 2009. Jay Pscheidt writes...
In this issue, our group of winegrape researchers throughout the state has comprised a summary of the statewide incidence and damage caused by Short Shoot Syndrome and mites over the past few years. Be sure to check this out as it provides some interesting information! Also, a vineyard update has...
Members of the family Chlamydiae cause a wide range of diseases. Chlamydia trachomatis and C. pneumoniae are most commonly associated with human disease. C. psittaci and C. pecorum are largely animal pathogens, although C. psittaci can cause pneumonia in the elderly and immunocompromised. A vaccine against these pathogens is desirable,...
The infrared absorption spectrum from 3200 cm⁻¹ to 4025
cm⁻¹ of thin crystals of ⁶LiOH (99%⁶Li.) is presented and compared
to the spectrum of [superscript]NLiOH (93%⁷Li). A shift in only one of the band
pairs supports the lattice combinations model and assists in making
assignments for the major features of...
Current retail food distribution practices, microbial quality of
bakery products, and the potential for growth of food borne pathogens
(Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Bacillus cereus)
were examined using pumpkin pie as a model.
The pumpkin pies, as obtained from the retail outlets, showed contamination
with food pathogens. The aerobic...
Cultivated lilies include many garden varieties in addition to
the Easter lily, Lilium longiflorum Thunb. A popular member of
the garden group is Lilium speciosum Thunb., whose leaves can be
discolored by a virus symptom described as streak mottle. This
disorder is characterized by dashes of chlorotic tissue interspersed
with...
Quartz is an ubiquitous component of marine sediments. Textural
characteristics of this component reflect the dynamics of its transport
and at the same time are indicative of its source.
Quartz may be extracted from marine sediments by means of a
sodium pyrosulfate fusion and hydrofluosilicic acid dissolution without
significantly modifying...
Lily hybrids vary in their ability to produce
virus-free (VF) bulblets when grown from virus-infected
scales in tissue culture. Asiatic hybrids typically
produce a higher percentage of in vitro VF scale bulblets
than do Lilium longiflorum cultivars. Three hypotheses
concerning the cause of this variation are tested on five
lily...
Ten female survivors of physically assaultive domestic violence were
interviewed three times each in a feminist, qualitative study designed to access
their perceptions about their children's experiences in domestic violence. All
participants had children living with them at the time of the abuse and were one
to five years out...
Objectives of this study were to ascertain the effect of fat
and urea, used alone or in combination, on rumen cellulose digestion
in vitro.
A closed in vitro system (24 hour digestion) was used with a
5 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments to study the effect of added
corn...
The behavior of mass timber beam-to-column connections under seismic loading is not yet well understood. Mass timber beam-to-column connections must have the ability to maintain load-carrying capacity despite the deformations that will be imposed on all components of the building during seismic events. This behavior is called deformation compatibility. The...
Recent national and state legislation reflect a
growing awareness of the need for comprehensive cultural
resource management programs. Various pieces of federal
legislation and Oregon's Senate Bill 100 demonstrate a
willingness of governments to provide for such programs.
The administration of local land use issues at the state
government level...
It is well established that family members,
particularly adult children, are involved in their frail
parents' decision making. It remains unclear however, how
intergenerational decision-making influence is exercised and
how it relates to personal and relationship characteristics.
This study examined the impact of decision-making strategies
and a mother's level of...
Three kkeeyy variables are examined to determine their influence on
the process of community planning at Corvallis, Oregon. These are
(1) the setting of priorities, (2) organization and (3) external
reference. Interactions of goals program participants were recorded
as the community responded to comply with Oregon Senate Bill #100's
requirement...
The object of this study was to observe the effect of tallow plus
urea in vitro and in vivo. The study was carried out in three parts;
an in vitro fermentation study, a metabolism trial and a feedlot trial.
The in vitro study was conducted using a 4 x 2...
A biological inventory of the butterflies of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest [HJA] in Linn/Lane County, Oregon was conducted during 1994 and 1995. It was the first comprehensive survey of HJA butterflies for the site and serves as a baseline for future butterfly research. A detailed ecological account is...
The effects of forest cutting on forested systems and the biotic components of those systems has been at the forefront of scientific research. The inventory and monitoring of biodiversity is one technique used for measuring the effects of forest management. Because bioinventory studies are expensive, indicator species are often sought...
Throughout society, many believe women are not succeeding professionally because of the institutional barriers created by men in the American workforce. However, women may be more competitive with other women than with men, especially when limited job positions are the goal. Competitiveness among women can be explained by a phenomenon...
Behavioral and ecological aspects of the field and developmental
biology of Apanteles yakutatensis (Ashm.), a primary larval parasite of
the alfalfa looper, Autographa californica (Speyer), were investigated
in 1980 and 1981. Populations of A. yakutatensis were found in commercial
peppermint, alfalfa and crimson clover fields involving two
areas (Willamette Valley,...
Recent research in the UK has found that the wheat cultivar grown in the first year can have a significant impact on the amount of take-all that develops in the second year, regardless of the cultivar planted in year two. ‘Einstein’ is one such cultivar that reduces take-all disease (reduced...
The nature of the bioluminescence of Gonyaulax catenella is
similar to that observed for other dinoflagellates in culture, showing
photoperiod-entrained rhythms of luminescence and stimulability
with relatively constant luminescent capacity during scotophase. G.
catenella is very sensitive to stimulation and photoinbibition. The
nature of the response to stimulation by bubbling...
This study seeks to estimate and compare tax burdens for hypothetical
families assumed to reside in each of the eleven contiguous
Western states--Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana,
Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The
estimates are made for a wide range of incomes--from $3,500 to
$50,000--in each state....
A numerical solution to Hodgkin and Huxley's partial differential
system for the propagated action potential is presented. In
addition a three dimensional demonstration of the absolute refractory
period is given. Lastly, theoretical evidence supporting
Rushton's hypothesis is presented.
Spores of Equisetum were germinated and the resulting
gametophytes grown to maturity in standard microcultures. Light and
electron microscope observations were made of the chloroplasts
within the gametophytes.
These chloroplasts were found to be oval to dumb-bell shaped
organelles possessing organized grana. By means of time-lapse
movies they were shown...
Microbial communities in Arctic coastal lagoons drive biogeochemical cycles at the terrestrial-marine interface and help to determine the fate and form of resources like nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) as they are delivered to the Arctic Ocean. Though rising rates of primary production in the Arctic Ocean are well-characterized, the...
Commercial methodologies for producing fungal pigments are of worldwide interest due to the desire to move away from synthetic dyes. Chlorociboria species and Scytalidium species have been reported to produce sufficient yields of pigments for commercial production and have attracted special attention because of their use in spalted wood applications....
Preliminary studies were run to determine the sensitivity and
reliability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the
detection of potato virus X (PVX). ELISA was found to be capable of
detecting PVX in tobacco at a 1:3333 sample dilution. The reliability
of ELISA for the detection of PVX in potato...
A study was conducted over a two year period, 1973 through
1974, on perennial ryegrass-subclover pastures with stocking rates
of 7.4 (moderate), 9. 9 (heavy), and 12.4 (overstocked) ewes per
hectare to establish guidelines on stocking intensity for dryland
improved pastures in western Oregon. Climatic conditions varied
annually and caused...
The use of remote sensing techniques in coastal science and engineering has rapidly increased in the past few decades. This dissertation outlines new remote sensing tools using two remote sensing technologies (lidar and X-band marine radar) along with two nearshore hydrodynamic and morphodynamic analyses supported or motivated by these remote...
The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) shows some of the most derived characteristics of any mammal: a large body size, large brain, complex social organization and a capacity for deep foraging dives that few other marine mammals can match. Despite a history of exploitation that removed hundreds of thousands of individuals,...
Grazing on the mountainous forested ranges of the Camp Creek
Unit, Malhuer National Forest, was typified by irregular distribution
of free-ranging cattle. A combination of management and physical,
topographic constraints caused cattle to concentrate on the riparian
zone early in the grazing season in 1977 and 1978. A large percentage...
The objectives of this study were to evaluate environmental
factors influencing use of several plant communities by cattle, elk
and deer; determine under story production by plant species and the
amount utilized by cattle, elk and deer in certain plant communities;
evaluate the interactions of range use between cattle, elk...
Esophageal fistulation, stomach content analysis, fecal analysis,
and ocular-estimate-by-plot are four of the most publicized methods
of determining the diets of large herbivores. The principal objective
of this study was to compare the relative values of each of these
methods based upon information collected from bi-fistulated (esophageal
and rumen) sheep...