Ovulation requires preovulatory surges of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from preoptic hypothalamic neurons, initiated by elevated ovarian estradiol (E₂). Rising estradiol activates a subset of sexually dimorphic kisspeptin (Kiss-1) neurons in the female, located in the anteroventral periventricular nuclei (AVPV). Conversely, estradiol negative feedback on GnRH secretion is mediated by a...
The human health effects of exposure to numerous single environmental contaminants have been well characterized. Yet, biomonitoring studies have detected multiple environmental chemicals in humans, highlighting the need to investigate the health effects of exposure to multiple environmental chemicals. Environmental data is highly complex, therefore current methods of defining environmental...
There are more than 87,000 chemicals in current use with little to no toxicity information available. Assessing such a large number of chemicals using traditional methods would take an unreasonable amount of time and money, and require the use a large number of animals. The incorporation of high-throughput in vivo...
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) experience a variety of stressors in their natural environment as well as in aquaculture that can have negative effects on their physiology. The effects of physiological stress and endocrine disruption have been well described in fish. However, there is a scarcity of information on the effects...
A large number of river otter (Lontra canadensis) males were collected
from areas of high and low contaminant concentrations throughout western
Oregon and Washington during the fall and winter of 1994-99. Few significant
non-reproductive organ morphometric differences were found in the large series
of male otters collected, except for adrenal...
A large number of river otter (Lontra canadensis) males were collected
from areas of high and low contaminant concentrations throughout western
Oregon and Washington during the fall and winter of 1994-99. Few significant
non-reproductive organ morphometric differences were found in the large series
of male otters collected, except for adrenal...