Simulated Annealing and Threshold Accepting are two stochastic search algorithms that have been successfully used on a variety of complex and difficult problem sets. Due to their stochastic nature they are not guaranteed to produce the same result for each run. This means that these techniques actually produce a distribution...
The purpose of this study is to fill a critical gap in brand equity literature by proposing and empirically testing a brand equity process model for unfamiliar Asian brands. Cue utilization theory (Easterbrook, 1959) and impression formation theory (Asch, 1946) were integrated to explain how extrinsic and intrinsic cues shown...
Online shopping is one of the fastest growing forms of shopping with sales reaching $141.4 billion in 2004 (Shop.org, 2005). With the tremendous growth of online retailing, and the prevalence of impulse buying today, this study's purpose was to investigate the internal and external factors of impulse buying in an...
The subaerial beach, composed of sand dunes and the foreshore, provides a natural buffer zone between vulnerable land and the dissipation of storm wave energy due to wave breaking. The natural beauty of this region is attractive to people, and as a result, significant investment has been placed in this...
Chemicals must be bioavailable for there to be a potential for exposure and consequent risk to human or environmental health. Passive sampling devices (PSDs) are used to quantify the time-integrated concentration of bioavailable contaminants. We demonstrate that PSDs can be paired with the zebrafish developmental toxicity bioassay to produce site-specific,...
The optimal allocation of buffers in serial production systems is one of the oldest and most researched problems in Industrial Engineering. In general, there are three main approaches to the buffer allocation problem when the objective is to maximize throughput. The first is basically a systematic trial and error procedure...
North American cultivation of Ribes L. may expand as small fruit growers seek species to diversify horticultural crops. The Ribes industry was suppressed for decades out of fear that cultivated black currants and gooseberries would intensify the fungal disease white pine blister rust (WPBR) on five-needle pine (Pinus L. section...
Contaminants can exist in a wide range of states in aqueous environments, especially in surface waters. They can be freely dissolved or associated with dissolved or particulate organic matter depending on their chemical and physical characteristics. The freely dissolved fraction represents the most bioavailable fraction to an organism. These freely...
Genetic variability in natural populations of Douglas-fir was
studied at molecular level by investigating the variations of some
primary gene products, i. e. enzymes. Using the techniques of disc
gel electrophoresis and biochemical staining, the isoenzyme patterns
of leucine aminopeptidase, esterase and glutamate oxaloacetate
transaminase are characterized in young seedlings...
The seasonal distribution of bioavailable organochiorine contaminants in surface
water and the potential environmental factors influencing their bioavailability were
evaluated. The study was carried at the lower Willamette River at Portland Harbor, Oregon
where surface water runoff varied according to season. Bioavailable water concentrations of
DDTs and PCBs were determined...
Silicone wristbands are easy-to-wear passive samplers that have been readily adapted into environmental health studies since first reported in 2014. Wristbands can be worn during normal daily activities and sequester a wide range of bioavailable organic chemicals. This dissertation includes a thorough review of silicone wristband technology, as well as...
Exposure assessment is necessary to determine the frequency and magnitude of environmental contaminants, especially since exposure may lead to adverse health outcomes. Traditional personal exposure assessment tools such as biological samples are limited in their ability to capture a wide range of chemical exposures from a single sample, and others...
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Kim A. Anderson
Exposure assessment is necessary to determine the frequency and magnitude
The Otago (CRA 7) and Southland (CRA 8) regions are managed with distinct individual transferable quotas (ITQs) as part of the New Zealand quota management system (QMS). However, for assessment purposes, they are considered as a single stock known as the NSS (North-South Islands - South) rock lobster stock. Currently,...
Since the "200 miles" fishery conservation zones
were established by some coastal countries, new arrangements
between countries to participate jointly in
fishing, processing, and marketing of fish products
have emerged. One such fish product is surimi. As a
result of extended jurisdiction, each coastal country's
interest in the surimi industry...
Expert systems have been suggested as a solution
for difficult problems, including FMS scheduling. As
one of the aspects of artificial intelligence (AI), expert
systems have achieved considerable success in recent
years in medical science, chemistry, and engineering.
However, building an expert system is a difficult
task, the most crucial...
The objective of this research project was to identify the limitations associated
with schedule-based Material Requirements Planning (SBMRP) and to
present a knowledge-based expert system (KBES) approach to solve these problems.
In SBMRP, the basic strategy is to use backward or forward scheduling
based on an arbitrary dispatching rule, such...
The major obstacle to widespread parallel programming of multiprocessors is the lack of a convenient parallel programming system. PPSE (Parallel Programming Support Environment) is a unified approach to parallel programming. Parallax is developed as a component of PPSE based on ELGDF which is a graphical language for designing parallel programs....
White electroluminescence (EL) was observed for the
first time from diamond-like carbon (DLC) films at room
temperature. Electroluminescence was observed by the
application of ac voltages in excess of 200 V to a metal-insulator-
semiconductor (i.e. DLC)-insulator-metal (MISIM)
device structure.
For EL applications, three types of the DLC films were...
For manufacturing and service industries to stay competitive in this rapidly changing, globalized world, one of the most important operations, and one that many businesses struggle to plan and manage efficiently, is material handling. There has been a large amount of research on various vehicle routing problems (VRPs) in recent...
Hydrocarbon solvents are widely used in the production of paints, adhesives, dyes, polymers, plastics, textiles, printing inks, agricultural products and pharmaceuticals. While the neuropathic potential of aliphatic solvents was shown in the 1970s, little is known about the neuropathic potential of aromatic solvents. The present study examines such solvents, 1,2-diethylbenzene...
A perfectly matched layer (PML) is widely used to model many different types of wave propagation in different media. It has been found that a PML is often very effective and also easy to set, but still many questions remain.
We introduce a new formulation from regularizing the classical Un-Split...
The research undertaken consisted of the study of three topics
affecting the performance of asphalt concrete mixtures, that is, mixing
moisture, oxidative aging and higher tire pressures and axle loads.
This thesis presents the findings of the research comprising these
three topics.
In the first study, the effects of mixing...
This study is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of buyback program implemented last during a 10-year period using a bioeconomic model. Aggregate fisheries stocks are assessed by the surplus-production model and standardized aggregate harvest function is used in the bioeconomic model. The simulation result indicate that the fish stocks are...
The first objective of this paper is to prove the existence and uniqueness of global solutions for
a Kirchhoff-type wave equation with
nonlinear dissipation of the form Kuⁿ + 𝑀(|𝐴¹/²𝑢|²)𝐴𝑢 + 𝑔(𝑢')=0 under suitable
assumptions on 𝐾, 𝐴, 𝑀(⋅), and 𝑔(⋅). Next, we under some growth conditions on the nonlinear...
In recent years, there has been an increased interest in accurately measuring physical activity levels with accelerometers. Two distinct approaches have been used to estimate physical activity levels with accelerometers are vertical axis activity counts and vector magnitude (VM). Although previous studies evaluated these two distinct approaches for individuals without...
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is one of the world's most important and valuable timber trees. Its natural distribution in North America resembles an inverted V with uneven sides. From the apex in British Columbia, the western half extends along the Pacific mountain ranges into California for about 2,200 km...
The pathogenic nematodes Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev and Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941 and Pratylenchus thornei Sher and Allen, 1953 cause severe yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The objectives in this study were to assay a collection of Iranian landrace accessions collected from 12 provinces in Iran to identify...
Full Text:
. Smiley, Timothy C. Paulitz, and Kim Garland-Campbell
ABSTRACT
The pathogenic nematodes Pratylenchus
The evolution of the near-inertial internal wavefield from ice-free summertime conditions to ice-covered wintertime conditions is examined using data from a yearlong deployment of six moorings on the Beaufort continental slope from August 2008 to August 2009. When ice is absent, from July to October, energy is efficiently transferred from...
The emerging field of nanotechnology strictly requires the micro-scaling of the available separation technology and the design of novel devices for separations of molecules of interest. The separation of proteins and nanoparticles is challenging due to their relatively large size, non-specific adherence to surfaces and instability in many solvents.
This...
Survival of marine fishes during their early life history stage is tightly related to prey availability and predation pressure. Yet, our understanding of how individual larvae to entire assemblages are constrained by these factors is limited. We integrated biological sampling of larval fishes with fine-scale in situ imaging to relate...
Stock loss and out-of-stocks are outcomes of poorly designed inventory management systems and can lead to significant revenue losses. Inventory management systems (IMS) based on radio frequency identification (RFID) have the potential to minimize these losses if they are properly designed and deployed. However, the placement of RFID readers to...
Emergence of highly accurate Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with the capability to process large datasets, has led to their popularity in many applications, including safety/security-sensitive (e.g. disease recognition, self-driving cars). Despite the high accuracy of convolutional neural networks, they have been found to be susceptible to adversarial noise added to...
Large quantities of the chemical oil dispersant Corexit were applied in the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Large data gaps regarding the potential transport, persistence and impact of Corexit in the Gulf existed at the time of the emergency response. Analytical methods for...
In supervised learning, label information can be provided at different levels of granularity. For small datasets, it is possible to acquire a label for each data instance. However, in the big-data regime, this fine granularity approach is prohibitively costly. For example, in semi-supervised learning, only a limited number of samples...
Artificial collectives are useful for accomplishing tasks that require teamwork from multiple simple robots. Multiple robot and collective testbeds have been developed, yet none stay committed to leverage the local interactions, group size, and imperfect information assumptions that strengthen biological collectives. A review of the collective and multiple robot literature,...
The biogeochemical processes that occur in marine sediments on continental margins are complex; however, from one perspective they can be considered with respect to three geochemical zones based on the presence and form of methane: sulfate-methane transition (SMTZ), gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), and free gas zone (FGZ). These geochemical...
We present a kinetic model based upon pore water data collected from eight sites drilled
during the second Ulleung Basin gas hydrate drilling expedition (UBGH2) in 2010.
Three sites were drilled at locations where acoustic chimneys were identified in seismic
data, and the rest were drilled on non-chimney (i.e. background)...
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W-L, Holland M, Park M-H, Choi J & Kim G-Y 662
(2013b) Depressurization experiment of pressure
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) fail to produce microbicidal concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to mutations in NOX2. Patients with CGD suffer from severe, life-threatening infections and inflammatory complications. Granulibacter bethesdensis is an emerging Gram-negative pathogen in CGD that resists killing by PMN...
It is a golden age for animal movement studies and so an opportune time to assess priorities for future work. We assembled 40 experts to identify key questions in this field, focussing on marine megafauna, which include a broad range of birds, mammals, reptiles, and fish. Research on these taxa...
Community college and university faculty members changing their practice of teaching have reported benefits to participating in peer support within communities of practice that offer an online knowledge sharing space. The ability of such online knowledge sharing to provide opportunities for collaborative knowledge building has made fostering a viable online...
The distribution of mobile marine predators often reflects underlying dynamic ecological processes. The geographical focus of this PhD is the South Taranaki Bight (STB) of New Zealand, where wind-driven coastal upwelling generates productivity and prey to support a blue whale foraging ground. The STB is also New Zealand’s most industrial...
Pursuit of the triple bottom line of economic, community and ecological sustainability has increased the complexity of fishery management; fisheries assessments require new types of data and analysis to guide science-based policy in addition to traditional biological information and modeling. We introduce the Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs), a broadly applicable...
Improvements in instrumentation for fluorometric kinetic
measurements and the application of a new intensified diode array (IDA)
rapid scanning system to low level transient fluorescence measurements
are reported. This instrumentation is applied to a new fluorometric
kinetic method for thiamine (TM).
Modifications to the existing fluorometric reation rate instrument
include...
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have generated considerable excitement and considerable skepticism since their recent inception (e.g., Kim, 2014; Perna et al., 2014). By fall 2015, approximately 35 million people had participated in 4200 courses offered by over 550 institutions (Shah, 2015). In addition to MOOCs’ potential for expanding access...
Human development researchers consider adolescence a rich time for interest development and identity exploration. A relatively new movement in the Free-Choice Learning (FCL) arena, the Maker movement, offers learners interest-driven, experiential, often collaborative, and process-oriented activities ranging from game design (computer-based and otherwise) and robotics, to sewing LEDs into clothing...
This dissertation is composed of three essays regarding the finite sample properties of estimators
for nonparametric models.
In the first essay we investigate the finite sample performances of four estimators for additive
nonparametric regression models - the backfitting B-estimator, the marginal integration M-estimator
and two versions of a two stage...
This study sought to understand how post-secondary students experience and process issues of diversity, to discover what those views of diversity are, and how those views might change. The two issues that participants felt most strongly about were homosexuality and scholarships for students of color. Their views on homosexuality ranged...
Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that...
Consistent with its charge under Oregon House Bill 3543, the Oregon Climate Change Research Institute (OCCRI) conducts a biennial assessment of the state of climate change science, including biological, physical, and social science, as it relates to Oregon and the likely effects of climate change on Oregon. This sixth Oregon...
The crystal structure and multiferroic properties of single-phase (Bi₀.₉La₀.₁)FeO₃–Ba(Fe₀.₅Nb₀.₅)O₃ ceramics were investigated. The rhombohedral-type structure of 1.0(Bi₀.₉La₀.₁)FeO₃) was transformed to a monoclinic-type structure for the 0.5(Bi₀.₉La₀.₁)FeO₃–0.5Ba(Fe₀.₅Nb₀.₅)O₃) composition. It shows the coexistence of ferroelectricity and magnetism at room temperature, represented by a high dielectric constant with ferroelectric hysteresis and clear magnetic...
Kappa-casein glycomacropeptide (CMP), a 64-amino-acid peptide, is released from kappa-casein after rennet treatment and is one of the major peptides in whey protein isolate (WPI). CMP has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. CMP has two major amino acid sequences with different modifications including glycosylation, phosphorylation and oxidation. However, no previous work...
Swash hydrodynamics were investigated on an intermediate beach using runup data obtained from video images. Under mild, near-constant, offshore wave conditions, the presence of a sandbar and the tidally controlled water depth over its crest determined whether most of the incoming waves broke before reaching the shoreline. This forced a...
We, for the first time, employ magnesiothermic reaction to convert microwave-irradiated graphite oxide to pure graphene. The magnesiothermic reaction raises the carbon to oxygen atomic ratio from 22.2 to 165.7 and maintains a high surface area. The new strategy demonstrates an efficient method for obtaining highly pure graphene materials.
Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance and, hence, sea level change is affected by the floating extensions of outlet glaciers and ice streams that take up about 44% of the coastline (Drewry et al., 1982) and are referred to as "ice shelves". Ice sheet mass loss accelerates when these ice shelves...
Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis (MAH) is the most common pathogen among non-tuberculous mycobacteria, causing disease in immunocompromised individuals. An intracellular bacterium, MAH resides within the phagosome, a vesicle formed by macrophages as they engulf invading pathogens. Here, a subpopulation of MAH regresses into a nonreplicative state called persistence, allowing them...
BACKGROUND: Zebrafish have been used as a vertebrate model to study human cancers such as melanoma,
rhabdomyosarcoma, liver cancer, and leukemia as well as for high-throughput screening of small molecules of
therapeutic value. However, they are just emerging as a model for human brain tumors, which are among the most...
Full Text:
TB, Kim J, Masek M, et al. Hedgehog-
responsive candidate cell of origin for diffuse intrinsic
Final program details of Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade, the 16th Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, held July 16-20, 2012 in the Hyatt Regency Kilimanjaro Hotel, Dar es Salaam Tanzania
Successful cell division requires proper chromosome movement, including accurate congression to the metaphase plate and proper segregation to spindle poles. Errors that occur in either event can cause chromosome aneuploidy in daughter cells, which may lead to cell death, genetic diseases and cancers (Matson and Stukenberg,2012, Compton, 2000). The force...
Lilacs are a group of ornamental trees and shrubs in the Oleaceae family consisting of 22 to 30 species. There are six series within genus Syringa: Pubescentes, Villosae, Ligustrae, Ligustrina, Pinnatifoliae, and Syringa. Fertility and cross-compatibility among cultivars, species, and series have yet to be formally investigated. Over three years,...
Random processes are monitored over space and time by a network of stations distributed across a spatial region. Researchers have developed several analysis techniques to model the random process. Some of them require assumptions on the spatio-temporal variability of the process. An alternative method to analyze spatio-temporal data that does...
The development of hybrids with enhanced expression of heterosis depends on the genetic background of the source population and the effectiveness of a breeding scheme used to identify and use divergent inbred lines with good combining ability. The present study was conducted to examine the potential of improved tropical reciprocal...
The aim of the research undertaken for this thesis was to develop a new high-performance amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS) for use as a channel layer in a thin-film transistor (TFT). AOS TFTs offer higher electron mobility than the established amorphous silicon based technology. A new channel material comprised of aluminum...
On April 1, 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak entered into a partnership agreement to found Apple Computer. In the decade that followed, Apple experienced remarkable growth and success, as Jobs catapulted Apple to the Fortune 500 list of top‐flight companies faster than any other company in history. Under direction...
There is a lack of consensus regarding the roles of sulfide saturation versus volatile degassing on the partitioning of Cu and Ag during differentiation and eruption of convergent margin magmas. Because of their oxidized character, volatile-rich magmas from the Eastern Manus Back-arc Basin (EMBB) only reach sulfide saturation following magnetite-driven...
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[Candela and Holland, 1986; Hedenquist and Lowen-
stern, 1994; Jenner et al., 2010; Richards, 2003
Previous studies have reported that the metastable vaterite phase of calcium carbonate can be stabilized in solution by acidic additives. Here we demonstrate that vaterite can also be stabilized directly at surfaces by engineered peptides. Our data show that the mineralisation occurs in a 'self-templating' process where calcium ions restructure...
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:
Biogeochemistry, ed. H. D. Holland and K. K. Turekian, Elsevier
Science, 2nd edn, 2014, vol. 10, pp. 105–162.
8 D
The objectives of this project were to investigate the critical factors impacting the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of β-chitosan based films derived from jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) pens, and to evaluate the feasibility of improving water solubility of β-chitosan through Maillard reaction. The studies examined the effect of molecular weight...
Unlike other industries, overall efficiency of construction projects has been growing minimally which directly causes cost overruns of projects. Though reducing idle time and increasing operational efficiency of construction equipment could result in significant cost saving, there is lack of practical knowledge of adjusting operational efficiency and integrating cost and...
Despite more than two centuries of exploration, including more than six million deep wellbores with depths exceeding 40,000 feet in some parts of the world, our ability to constrain subsurface processes and properties remains limited. Characteristics of the subsurface vary and can be analyzed on a variety of spatial scales....
The trend towards higher resolution, faster refresh rate active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs) as well as the emergence of active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays is driving the demand for amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (AOS TFTs) with higher mobility. A physics-based model for carrier transport in an amorphous semiconductor is...
In addition to well established properties that control the presence or absence of the hydrate stability zone, such as pressure, temperature, and salinity, additional parameters appear to influence the concentration of gas hydrate in host sediments. The stratigraphic record at Site 17A in the Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean, illustrates...
A firm's productivity is composed of two parts: pure technical change and location-specific (agglomeration) externalities. Regional productivity is thus an aggregation of productivity of firms producing similar goods and located in a given region. International trade can affect both components of regional productivity. First, trade openness in a closed economy...
Multicultural competency has been established as important component of communicating within a cross-cultural ecology. Yet, there is evidence that many counselors struggle to communicate and interact outside of their own cultural communication norms. Until this study, no one has attempted to integrate culture and intelligence as a unitary counseling construct....
Sororities play an important role in the process by which sorority women become gendered by influencing members' ideas about what it means to be a woman. Women and men become gendered through regular social interaction with other women and men, and sororities have a particularly strong impact on their members...
Oxygen and strontium isotopic composition of sedimentary pore fluids obtained by drilling at the Chile Triple Junction have been used to obtain information on the diagenesis and transport mechanisms of fluids. Samples were collected from three sites located on an east-west transect of the pre-collision zone (Sites 859, 860, and...
For more than 35 years we have known that the accuracy of DNA replication is controlled in
large part by the relative concentrations of the four canonical deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dNTPs) at the replisome. Since this field was last reviewed, about eight years ago,
there has been increased understanding of the...
A comprehensive tribal-level classification for the world's subfamilies of Hesperiidae, the skipper butterflies, is proposed for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships between tribes and subfamilies are inferred using DNA sequence data from three gene regions: 943 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 739 bp of...
We develop the theory of degenerate and nonlinear evolution systems in mixed formulation.
It will be shown that many of the well-known results for the stationary problem extend to
the nonlinear case and that the dynamics of a degenerate Cauchy problem is governed by a nonlinear
semigroup. The results are...
This thesis describes and develops from an axiomatic basis
three principles of logic and some forms of indirect proof. The
three principles are: (1) the law of the excluded middle, (2) the law
of contradiction, and (3) the law of the double negative. Of several
forms of indirect proof, this...
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the 2011 Great Tohoku Japan earthquake and tsunami focused a great deal of the world’s attention on the effect of tsunamis on buildings and infrastructure. When a tsunami impacts structures in a coastal community, the structures are often not strong enough to withstand the...
Lily hybrids vary in their ability to produce
virus-free (VF) bulblets when grown from virus-infected
scales in tissue culture. Asiatic hybrids typically
produce a higher percentage of in vitro VF scale bulblets
than do Lilium longiflorum cultivars. Three hypotheses
concerning the cause of this variation are tested on five
lily...
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of wood-frame shear walls under monotonic and cyclic loads by: 1) determining variability of shear wall performance; 2) comparing performance of walls under each loading protocol; 3) evaluating effects of anchorage on wall perfor-mance; and 4) evaluating performance of walls...
Program book of Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade, the 16th Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, held July 16-20, 2012 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Artificial reefs (AR) were created not only to enhance biodiversity (namely by stimulating the increase of fish stocks), but also to attract diving tourism or sport fishing enthusiasts. Industry 4.0 tools – e.g., mobile technologies and cloud computing – can be used for AR monitoring purposes and can serve as...
An active-object user interface system (AOUIS) is a user interface system implemented as an active object system (AOS). An AOS is a transition-based object-oriented system suitable for the design of various concurrent systems. In an AOUIS, user interface objects, which are sometimes called "widgets", are represented as active user interface...