The photoelectron spectra of a series of ketone
compounds have been investigated in the gas phase. Core
ionization energies were measured to probe the effects of
molecular size and connectivity number on core ionization
energies.
It was found that core ionization energies roughly
decrease with increasing connectivity number as expected....
Engineering analysis of heavy timber structures under dynamic loads
is generally lacking. Some literature suggests that heavy timber structures
are stiffer than expected, but popular engineering opinion is to the contrary.
In addition, prior research has shown that passive friction dampers can be
used in timber structures for the intended...
The Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment (CEAREX) was a multi-platform geophysical study covering the period from winter 1988 to spring 1989 in the vicinity of the Yermak Plateau and Fram Strait. The Oceanography ("0") Camp component of CEAREX was designed to study the physical oceanographic conditions from the deep Nansen Basin...
The perception of catfish farmers on climate change and it effect on the contribution of
catfish production to household income in Lagos State, Nigeria were investigated using primary
and secondary data as well as structured questionnaire. A multistage random sampling technique
was used to select 250 African catfish farmers. Descriptive...
We form a new ‘blended’ data set of sea level anomaly (SLA) fields by combining gridded daily fields derived from altimeter data with coastal tide gauge data. Within approximately 55–70 km of the coast, the altimeter data are discarded and replaced by a linear interpolation between the tide gauge and remaining...
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) as measured by the NH‐10 ADCP (44.64°N, 124.3°W) at
16.5 m depth (blue lines). The mean value
We form a new ‘blended’ data set of sea level anomaly (SLA) fields by combining gridded daily fields derived from altimeter data with coastal tide gauge data. Within approximately 55–70 km of the coast, the altimeter data are discarded and replaced by a linear interpolation between the tide gauge and remaining...
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. GLOBal Ocean
AVISOAVISO+TG AVISO+TG minus AVISO
0.5 m/s
ADCP locations
Comparison grid cells
Tide
A compact, low-cost, wireless gamma-ray spectrometer is a tool sought by a number of different organizations in the field of radiation detection. Such a device has applications in emergency response, battlefield assessment, and personal dosimetry. A prototype device fitting this description has been constructed in the Advanced Radiation Instrumentation Laboratory...
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A 761 (2014) 99–104]
Eric M. Becker n, Abi T. Farsoni
Oregon State University, United States
All
A compact, low-cost, wireless gamma-ray spectrometer is a tool sought by a number of different organizations in the field of radiation detection. Such a device has applications in emergency response, battlefield assessment, and personal dosimetry. A prototype device fitting this description has been constructed in the Advanced Radiation Instrumentation Laboratory...
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spectrometer
Wireless, Low-Cost, FPGA-based Miniature Gamma Ray Spectrometer
Becker, E. M., & Farsoni, A. T
Calls to account for ecological interactions and tradeoffs in fishery management have grown over time. For example, some groups are asking to reduce global forage fish catch by 10-20% to ensure food supplies for other species These efforts follow advances in ecology and the development of large food web models,...
Nearly all soils are comprised of mixtures of coarse and fine particles. Behavior under mechanical and thermal loading of soil is strongly influenced, and in some cases governed, by the ratio of coarse to fine particles. A better understanding of the fundamental behavior of soil mixtures will provide insight to...
Shear wave velocity is a fundamental property of a granular assembly. It is a measure of the true elastic stiffness of a bulk specimen of discrete grains. Shear wave velocity is typically measured in the laboratory (e.g., using bender elements) or in-situ (e.g., using a seismic cone penetrometer, sCPT). In...
The fall cone device may be preferable to the Casagrande cup for the determination of liquid limits because it is based on a firm theoretical background and maintains a high degree of operator independence. This makes the fall cone device a superior tool for measuring consistency limits for research and...
We form a new ‘blended’ data set of sea level anomaly (SLA) fields by combining gridded daily fields derived from altimeter data with coastal tide gauge data. Within approximately 55–70 km of the coast, the altimeter data are discarded and replaced by a linear interpolation between the tide gauge and remaining...
A compact, low-cost, wireless gamma-ray spectrometer is a tool sought by a number of different organizations in the field of radiation detection. Such a device has applications in emergency response, battlefield assessment, and personal dosimetry. A prototype device fitting this description has been constructed in the Advanced Radiation Instrumentation Laboratory...
A commercially available, three-dimensional finite-element analysis software was used to model the load-displacement
behavior of metal-plate-connected (MPC) joints in wooden trusses. Model features included consideration
of material properties, teeth-to-grain-to-direction-of-force orientation, wood-to-wood interaction, and gaps between wood
members. To simulate wood-to-plate interaction, the main feature of the model, each tooth of...
The "coupon collection problem" refers to a class of occupancy problems,
in which j identical items are distributed, independently and at random,
to n cells, with no restrictions on multiple occupancy. Identifying the cells as
coupons, a coupon is "collected" if the cell is occupied by one or more of...
OBJECTIVE. Hospital readmissions are a current target of initiatives to reduce healthcare costs. This study quantified the association between having a clinical culture positive for 1 of 3 prevalent hospital-associated organisms and time to hospital readmission.
DESIGN. Retrospective cohort study.
PATIENTS AND SETTING. Adults admitted to an academic, tertiary care...
The applicability of anhydrous milkfat fractions in edible films and coatings was determined through moisture barrier, penetrometer, and stress-relaxation testing. Industrial milkfat fractions were compared along with tripalmitin:anhydrous milkfat blends which simulated milkfat fractions having different melting points. The water vapor permeability (WVP) was determined gravimetrically using a modified ASTM...
The eastern Georges Bank haddock resource is shared and managed by the U.S. and Canada through a transboundary resource sharing agreement. This agreement includes an annual process for joint stock assessment, setting of a TAC, and harvest shares for each country. The resource sharing agreement provides a mechanism for establishing...
The pentacyclic tritcrpene 17β(H), 21β(H)-hop-22(29)-ene (diploptence) occurs in sediments throughout the Columbia River drainage basin and off the southern coast of Washington state in concentrations comparable to long-chain plantwax n-alkanes. The same relationship is evident for diploptene and long-chain n-alkanes in soils from the Willamette Valley. Microorganisms indigenous to soils...
Our primary purpose in developing this instrument is to measure
vertical temperature fluctuations in the ocean to the smallest scales at
which they exist. This goal dictates the basic concept of the instrument,
as C. S. Cox saw in the 1960's. Vertical temperature changes are seen
as changes with time...
A test of the scaling of the extent of the thinnest vertical temperature gradients, in the near-bottom
boundary layer on the Oregon shelf, shows that the Batchelor wave number determines the cutoff wave
number in vertical temperature gradient spectra. In combination with previous results, in other words,
this test shows...
Temporary rivers are increasingly common freshwater ecosystems, but there have been no global syntheses of their community patterns. In this study, we examined the responses of aquatic invertebrate communities to flow intermittence in 14 rivers from multiple biogeographic regions covering a wide range of flow intermittence and spatial arrangements of...
Climate change models are predicting increased frequency and severity of droughts in arid and semiarid environments, and these areas are responsible for much of the world's livestock production. Because cattle (Bos taurus) grazing can impact the abundance, distribution, and ecological function of native plant and animal communities, it is important...
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Range, Oregon, USA.
Covariate Description Resolution (m)
Landscape
slope Slope in degrees
Climate change models are predicting increased frequency and severity of droughts in arid and semiarid environments, and these areas are responsible for much of the world's livestock production. Because cattle (Bos taurus) grazing can impact the abundance, distribution, and ecological function of native plant and animal communities, it is important...
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drought
Roever, C. L., DelCurto, T., Rowland, M., Vavra, M., & Wisdom, M. (2015). Cattle
grazing in
Climate change models are predicting increased frequency and severity of droughts in arid and semiarid environments, and these areas are responsible for much of the world's livestock production. Because cattle (Bos taurus) grazing can impact the abundance, distribution, and ecological function of native plant and animal communities, it is important...
Sputter deposited amorphous Ge thin films had their nanostructure altered by irradiation with high-energy Ar⁺ ions. The change in the structure resulted in a reduction in medium range order (MRO) characterized using fluctuation electron microscopy. The pulsed laser crystallization kinetics of the as-deposited versus irradiated materials were investigated using the...
Stream-dwelling species in the U.S. southern Appalachian Mountains region are particularly vulnerable to climate change and acidification. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial extent of contemporary suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive aquatic species and to forecast future habitat loss resulting from expected temperature increases...
Stream-dwelling species in the U.S. southern Appalachian Mountains region are particularly vulnerable to climate change and acidification. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial extent of contemporary suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive aquatic species and to forecast future habitat loss resulting from expected temperature increases...
Stream-dwelling species in the U.S. southern Appalachian Mountains region are particularly vulnerable to climate change and acidification. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial extent of contemporary suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive aquatic species and to forecast future habitat loss resulting from expected temperature increases...
Stream-dwelling species in the U.S. southern Appalachian Mountains region are particularly vulnerable to climate change and acidification. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial extent of contemporary suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive aquatic species and to forecast future habitat loss resulting from expected temperature increases...
Stream-dwelling species in the U.S. southern Appalachian Mountains region are particularly vulnerable to climate change and acidification. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spatial extent of contemporary suitable habitat for acid- and thermally sensitive aquatic species and to forecast future habitat loss resulting from expected temperature increases...
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Diminish Coldwater
Habitat in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams
McDonnell, T. C., Sloat, M. R
A series of combined measurements was made at the Naval Air Station North Island (NASNI) Installation Restoration Site 5, Unit 2 during July and August 2013. Combined measurements included CO₂ respiration rate, CO₂ radiocarbon content to estimate chlorinated hydrocarbon (CH) mineralization and a zone of influence (ZOI) model. CO₂ was...
Euphausia pacifica occupy a remarkably wide range of ecosystems. We examined the
differences in brood sizes from eight regions of the North Pacific to explore how variation
in the brood size might contribute to their success over such a range. We show
a compilation and analysis of short-term E. pacifica...
A method for nesting, estimating and testing for the rank and functional form of the income terms in an incomplete system of
aggregable and integrable demand equations is derived. Information theory is applied to the problem of inferring the U.S.
income distribution using annual time series data on quintile and...
The conventional view of equatorial dynamics requires that the zonal equatorial wind stress be balanced, in the mean, by the vertical integral of “large-scale” terms, such as the zonal pressure gradient, mesoscale eddy flux, and mean advection, over the upper few hundred meters. It is usually presumed that the surface...
Methane hydrate found in marine sediments is thought to contain gigaton quantities of methane and is
considered an important potential fuel source and climate-forcing agent. Much of the methane in hydrates is
biogenic, so models that predict the presence and distribution of hydrates require accurate rates of in situ
methanogenesis....
Abstract: Genetic variation in drought hardiness traits and their genetic correlations with growth potential and17re1c6overy
traits were investigated in 39 full-sib families of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.)
Franco) from southwestern British Columbia. Seedlings of these families were grown in raised nursery beds and subjected
to three moisture...
The effects of wind-forced upwelling and downwelling on the continental shelf off Duck, North Carolina, are studied through experiments with a two-dimensional numerical primitive equation model. Moored and shipboard measurements obtained during August–November 1994 as part of the Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) Inner Shelf Study (ISS) are used for model–data...
Satellite observations of ice motion are combined with model estimates of low‐level winds and surface wind stress to provide evidence for atmospheric control of sea‐ice motion through Nares Strait, between Ellesmere Island and Greenland, during two periods in 2004. The results suggest that ice flux through the strait, and its...
Intraspecific life history attributes of growth, survival, and reproduction can vary in
response to changes in the physical environment. These changes can induce a cascading effect
across trophic levels. In marine systems, shifts in ocean conditions such as warm and cold phases
of ENSO can change primary production in benthic...
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sea urchin
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus over space and time
T. A. Ebert1,*, J. C. Hernández2,3, M
Intraspecific life history attributes of growth, survival, and reproduction can vary in
response to changes in the physical environment. These changes can induce a cascading effect
across trophic levels. In marine systems, shifts in ocean conditions such as warm and cold phases
of ENSO can change primary production in benthic...
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development 3
T. A. Ebert1*, J. C. Hernández2,3, and M. P. Russell2 4
1Dept. Zoology, Oregon State
The western states include a complex combination of geological, topographical, climatic, and vegetative features. The region extends through 1900 km of latitude and contains three major north-south, storm-directing mountain systems. Most of the region is arid (annual precipitation < 50 em); however, sizeable agriculturally important areas west of the Cascade...
Age based self-stereotyping is associated with a variety of long-term physical health and psychological well-being outcomes for older people. However, little is known about how older individuals’ day-to-day experiences of functional limitations may be related to concurrent self-appraisals on dimensions representing negative age stereotypes. We examined how distal personality traits...
Deterministic numerical models for tsunami inundation provide the most accurate means for estimating tsunami run-up when the bathymetry/topography and water level time history at the seaward boundary are well known. However, it is often the case that there is uncertainty in both the bathymetry/topography and water level at the seaward...
1. The evaluation of the age and growth of animal populations is essential for understanding and
predicting how populations will respond to changes in environmental conditions and anthropogenic
stressors.
2. We used a novel, von Bertalanffy hierarchical modelling approach to quantify relationships between
the growth of three freshwater mussel species...
Small-scale physical experiments were conducted to investigate the application of the Goda wave pressure formulae modified to predict the horizontal wave loads on elevated structures considering non-breaking, broken, and impulsive breaking waves. The air gap defined as the vertical distance from the still water level to the base of the...
A previously developed, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element (FE) joint model and several two-dimensional
(2-D), beam-element based FE models with different joint-stiffness assumptions (pinned, rigid, and semi-rigid) were used
to analyze the full-scale behavior of a metal-plate-connected (MPC) wood scissors truss. The truss displacement and
force results were investigated for sensitivity with...
A real-time FPGA-based algorithm has been developed and tested to discriminate pulse-shapes, identify beta-gamma coincidence events and collect energy spectra from xenon radioisotopes using a phoswich detector. The detector consists of a thin plastic scintillator (BC-400) to detect beta and conversion electrons, a CsI(Tl) crystal for measuring X-rays and gamma-rays,...
A phoswich detector with two scintillation layers has been designed and assembled at Oregon State University. This detector is able to identify and reject Compton events and ultimately reduce the Compton continuum in gamma energy spectra. In this detector, CsI(Tl) crystal is used to primarily detect photoelectric events. The CsI(Tl)...
A phoswich detector with Compton suppression capability has been developed and tested for measuring xenon radioisotopes via a beta-gamma coincidence measurement technique. The phoswich detector has been designed with three scintillation layers. Beta-gamma coincidence events from radioxenon isotopes are identified when a coincidence energy absorption is detected in the first...
Intraspecific life history attributes of growth, survival, and reproduction can vary in
response to changes in the physical environment. These changes can induce a cascading effect
across trophic levels. In marine systems, shifts in ocean conditions such as warm and cold phases
of ENSO can change primary production in benthic...
Long-term functional changes after whole-body vibration (WBV) training have been attributed to adaptations in the neuromuscular system. The present study examined the effect of four weeks of WBV training on muscle function outcome variables [rate of force development (RFD), electromechanical delay (EMD)], and spinal control mechanisms (pre-synaptic inhibition). Forty young...
Climate models differ in their responses to imposed forcings, such as increased greenhouse gas concentrations, due to different climate feedback strengths. Feedbacks in NCAR’s Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) are separated into two components: the change in climate components in response to an imposed forcing and the “radiative kernel,” the effect...
Published November 1976. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This manual is intended for forest land owners and managers who want to understand and prevent unnecessary forest damage from insects. This manual covers only insects that infest living trees, not those that infest dead wood.
The manual is organized into chapters based on the part of the tree that...
As shallow water is approached via a steep lake-bottom slope, increased mixing of heat is indicated by the presence of a highly “stepped” temperature profile. This mixing activity operates over a wide range of vertical scales.
Despite its widespread use, forest health is frequently used without a clear definition, making its application to forest management difficult. Where the term has been defined (McIntire 1988, Monnig and Byler 1992, USDA Forest Service 1992, USDA Forest Service I993a), alternative definitions and viewpoints of forest health have not been...
The coastal ocean may experience periods of fluctuating
along-shelf wind direction, causing shifts between
upwelling and downwelling conditions with responses that
are not symmetric. We seek to understand these asymmetries
and their implications on the Eulerian and Lagrangian flows.
We use a two-dimensional (variations across-shelf and with
depth; uniformity along-shelf)...
Upper ocean hydrography in the central Arctic Ocean
has relaxed since 2000 to near-climatological conditions
that pertained before the dramatic changes of the 1990s. The
behavior of the anomalies of temperature and salinity in the
central Arctic Ocean follow a first-order linear response to
the AO with time constant of...
The issues of farm labor unionization, with its accompanying wage demands, and of raising the agricultural wage rate through legislative action, continue to receive increasing nationwide attention. However, much of the policy for dealing with this sector was formulated at a time when the wage-employment response was significantly different than...
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AUTHORS: T. M. Hammonds is an assistant professor of agricultural
economics, Oregon State
Instrumentation for rapid, high precision size analysis of silt and sand size particles has been acquired and/or developed by the marine geology group of the School of Oceanography of Oregon State University. A Cahn automatic electrobalance with particle sedimentation accessories is used for size analysis of the silt fraction of...
An international Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE)
was conducted in the warm-pool region of the western equatorial Pacific Ocean over a four-month period from November 1992 through February 1993 (Webster and Lukas, 1992). Most of the oceanographic and meteorological observations were concentrated in the Intensive Flux Array (IFA) centered at...
This report is one of a series issued in cooperation with the Army-Navy-Civil Committee on Aircraft Design Criteria under the supervision of the Aeronautical Board.
For many historical and contemporary experimental studies in marine biology, seawater carbonate chemistry remains a ghost factor, an uncontrolled, unmeasured, and often dynamic variable affecting experimental organisms or the treatments to which investigators subject them. We highlight how environmental variability, such as seasonal upwelling and biological respiration, drive variation in...
Contextualization is a curricular approach and a learning process in which science content knowledge is intentionally situated within a context where that knowledge can be authentically applied or observed. Many recent science education reforms include contextualization as a central tenet. Our goal in this review was to examine commonalities across...
The fisheries sector of Sri Lanka means of livelihood for 2.6 million people and the vast majority of them are involved in small scale fisheries. The study was taken up with the objectives of to identify social &political membership status of small scale fishery value chain members, to assess the...
Summertime wind stress along the coast of the northwestern United States typically exhibits intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) with periods from ≈15 to 40 days, as well as fluctuations on the 2- to 6-day “weather-band” and 1-day diurnal time scales. Coastal upwelling of cool, nutrient-rich water is driven by extended periods of...
Many species have multi-stage life cycles in which the youngest stages (e.g., larvae) are small, dispersive, and abundant, whereas later stages are sessile or sedentary. Quantifying survival throughout such early stages is critical for understanding dispersal, population dynamics, and life history evolution. However, dispersive stages can be very difficult to...
Restricted rotations of chemical bonds can lead to the presence of persistent conformational chirality in molecules 10 lacking stereocenters. We report the development of first-ofa- kind predictive rules that enable identification of conformational chirality and prediction of racemization barriers in the diarylether heptanoid (DAEH) natural products that do not possess...
Small solid-state photomultipliers (SSPMs) are an alternative scintillator light-detection technology to traditional photomultiplier tubes that offer advantages such as lower bias voltages and insensitivity to magnetic fields. A digital spectrometer using a commercially available SSPM was constructed and characterized at Oregon State University as a prototype for small, highly-mobile, low-power,...
When habitat becomes fragmented, populations of species may become increasingly isolated. In the absence of habitat corridors, genetic structure may develop and populations risk reductions in genetic diversity from increased genetic drift and inbreeding. Deforestation of the Cerrado biome of Brazil, particularly of the dry forests within the Paran River...
Tests of a formula derived for the cutoff wave number of vertical temperature gradient spectra, using
data taken in the upper layers of the North Pacific, show encouraging results. To derive this formula, the
cutoff wave number is assumed to be the Batchelor wave number, with kinetic energy dissipation calculated...
The extent to which parent trees within breeding zones of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) are locally adapted to their native environments was evaluated. Forty families from each of one Coastal and one Cascade breeding population in Oregon were assessed for cold hardiness and growth phenology, and...
The Arctic Internal Wave Experiment (AIWEX) was designed to study the internal wave and microstructure fields in the Beaufort Sea in the early spring. A major goal of the experiment was to verify the hypothesis that the internal wave and microstructure fields beneath the ice are far less energetic than...
Despite the availability of selenium (Se)-enriched trace mineral supplements, we have observed low Se status in cattle and sheep offered traditional inorganic Se supplements. Reasons for this may include inadequate intake or low bioavailability of inorganic Se sources. The objective of this study was to determine whether rumen microorganisms (RMO)...
Transacting siRNA (tasiRNA) biogenesis in Arabidopsis is initiated
by microRNA (miRNA) –guided cleavage of primary transcripts. In
the case of TAS3 tasiRNA formation, ARGONAUTE7 (AGO7)–
miR390 complexes interact with primary transcripts at two sites,
resulting in recruitment of RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE6
for dsRNA biosynthesis. An extensive screen for Arabidopsis mutants...
Soil particles contain a variety of natural and anthropogenic organic components, and in urban areas can be considered as local collectors of pollutants. Surface soil samples were taken from ten urban areas in Riyadh during early winter of 2007. They were extracted with dichloromethane-methanol mixture and the extracts were analyzed...
Large amount of organic carbon is stored in high latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and...
A large amount of organic carbon is stored in high-latitude soils. A substantial proportion of this carbon stock is vulnerable and may decompose rapidly due to temperature increases that are already greater than the global average. It is therefore crucial to quantify and understand carbon exchange between the atmosphere and...
The diurnal fluctuations in solar irradiance impose a fundamental frequency on ocean biogeochemistry. Observations of the ocean carbon cycle at these frequencies are rare, but could be considerably expanded by measuring and interpreting the inherent optical properties. A method is presented to analyze diel cycles in particulate beam-attenuation coefficient (c[subscript...
Equilibrium climate sensitivity of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) is 3.20 degrees C for 1 degrees horizontal resolution in each component. This is about a half degree Celsius higher than in the previous version (CCSM3). The transient climate sensitivity of CCSM4 at 1 degrees resolution is 1.72...
Through its role in the energy and water balances at the land surface, soil moisture is a key state variable in surface hydrology and land-atmosphere interactions. Point observations of soil moisture are easy to make using established methods such as time domain reflectometry and gravimetric sampling. However, monitoring large-scale variability...
The extent to which the climate will change due to an external forcing depends largely on radiative feedbacks, which act to amplify or damp the surface temperature response. There are a variety of issues that complicate the analysis of radiative feedbacks in global climate models, resulting in some confusion regarding...
Aerodynamic roughness heights of 1–3 cm were obtained from measured wind profiles collected among
fields of gravel-mantled megaripples in the high desert of the Puna region of northwestern Argentina.
Roughness height appears to be relatively insensitive to the angle at which the wind was incident upon
the bedforms throughout the...
Aerodynamic roughness heights of 1–3 cm were obtained from measured wind profiles collected among
fields of gravel-mantled megaripples in the high desert of the Puna region of northwestern Argentina.
Roughness height appears to be relatively insensitive to the angle at which the wind was incident upon
the bedforms throughout the...
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, J. R., Scheidt, S. P., de Silva, S. L., Bridges, N. T., Spagnuolo, M. G.,
& Neely, E. M. (2016