During the First World War, the need to secure a domestic supply
of nitrate compounds necessary to the manufacture of explosives caused
the federal government to undertake an extensive program of research
and development of industrial nitrogen fixation processes. These
government activities were to have far-reaching consequences for the
development...
Scandinavian textiles have played an important part in the family life of the Nordic people. During the evenings, members of a family worked on textiles and wove colors and designs of the countryside and of the family life into their fabrics. Traditional motifs, techniques, and color combinations were developed and...
This study provides the model that first synthesizes strategic group
theory with the New Empirical Industrial Organization (NEIO) approach in
the international trade analysis, and uses the annual group data (1953-1988) from the U.S. brewing industry with two strategic groups (national
producers and regional producers) in the presence of growing...
This paper presents a model of the determination of excise tax rates by studying the
substantial variation in the state excise taxes in the U.S. brewing industry. Two
approaches are used. First, assuming that the government is only interested in the public
interest, a socially optimal tax rate is derived....
Published October 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The purpose of this thesis is to provide an estimate of sunk costs in the U.S. brewing industry and analyze the relationships among sunk costs, advertising, and concentration. The estimation procedures involves three steps: (1) estimation of the market value of new and used plant and equipment per barrel of...
A market survey of aluminum users' purchasing
policies and the concept of opportunity costs are combined
in a quantitative decision model designed to
assist aluminum suppliers' efforts in directing products
and services improvements.
The opportunity cost, as the percentage of business
forgone, is determined for seven criteria representing
the products...
U.S. imported 2.3 million metric tons of smoked herring in 2007 costing $707,000. Hence it is important to investigate factors influencing the importation of smoked herring into the US. We used time series data from 1976 to 2007 to estimate an import demand function: log(Mt) = a0 + a1*log(Pt) +...
These proceedings arc based upon a Conference conducted at Oregon State University on May 13 and 14, I 970.
The conference was sponsored jointly by the Schools of Forestry and Business and Technology. Co-chairmen of the Conference were Professor Ray A. Yoder of the School of Forestry and Professor Lester...
The primary purpose of the study was to identify the demand
for processed salmon from the West Coast. The basic approach in
the demand analysis was to identify those variables that determine
the supply and demand for processed salmon. An econometric model
was established containing the supply and demand equations...
Published October 1959. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Improving the understanding the relations of sustainability behaviors in manufacturing systems and actively engaging with manufacturers (especially SMEs) in sustainability efforts is key to the long-term success of U.S. industry and the natural environment. This study addresses this urgent need by establishing a systemic approach for the design of costing...
There has been an increasing realization of the value of innovativeness, the orientation toward innovation, for firms thriving to gain competitive edge. The US forest products industry is no different in this respect and many companies have active initiatives to bring about creativity from their own employees. At the same...
This bulletin is a summary of the leading features of the foreign trade of the United States in farm and forest products. It is intended for general circulation.
The performance of the meat products industry, the largest food processing sector in the U.S. in terms of shipment value, is an important issue. A key indicator of its performance is productivity growth, which results in reduction in the cost of production at given input prices. The present study employs...
This research provides state economic development planners and forest policy
makers with new economic information about the wood remanufacturing industry. An
overview describes each industry sector's employment, payroll size, and estimates of
annual growth rates. This helps planners determine which sectors are likely to provide
the most economic benefit to...
This dissertation addresses issues of oligopoly markets where advertising plays a prominent role. The first study empirically investigates the effect of advertising regulations on equilibrium consumption of an addictive commodity using U.S. cigarette industry data. The results of the first study show that the advertising regulations reduced cigarette consumption by...
The United States Congress set out to increase the blending of biofuels by updating and implementing the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) in 2007. The new mandate required that a combination of 36 billion gallons of ethanol, biodiesel, and cellulosic biofuel be blended annually, by 2022. To offset the cost of...
Business is a social institution and society has always designated a role for
business which has been undergoing changes with changing societal values and
paradigms. Thus while business has always had some responsibilities, the modern
connotation of the words corporate social responsibility commonly refers to business
assuming responsibilities in economic,...
Production and marketing are two important activities of the
U.S. beef industry. Spatial differences in these activities result
due to the existing cost differences in production and marketing of
beef. The overall objective of this study is to determine simultaneously
interregional and interseasonal equilibrium, with respect
to beef production and...
This analysis determines the impact of campaign contributions on Senators' legislative activity on the Energy Policy Act of 2003, identifies organizations within the power policy-planning network, and examines the social netwrok of the energy industry and its relationship with the power policy-planning network. After describing the research methods used for...
The term "sustainable development" describes certain
proposals designed to provide the present generation with
such needs as food, shelter, and energy while sustaining the
environment or stock of natural resources for future
generations. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the
relationship between sustainable development and current
U.S. petroleum...
This study focuses on the development of new, non-parametric efficiency measures based on the idea of aggregation via merging functions. We use Shephard's (1970) axiomatic approach of distance functions as the basis for theoretical methodology. In particular, this approach is a background for non-parametric efficiency measures defined on a linearly...
During the last five years, interest in productivity-based group incentive plans for mill operations in the forest products industry has increased. In a 1983 monograph in this series titled "Company /Employee Gainsharing Programs," Michael B. McKay anticipated this trend. In that monograph, he defined "gainsharing" as a "group incentive plan."...
American industry is rapidly putting automatic data collection to work tracking raw materials, work-in-process (WJP), finished goods, labor, and time & attendance. Automatic data collection using bar codes, radio frequency data communications (RFDC), radio frequency identification tags (RFID), electronic data interchange (EDI), and other technologies are responsible for improved inventory...
The food distribution system in the U.S. is complex. Many players—including middlemen—produce, manufacture, transport, distribute, market, and sell every type of food product imaginable. By the time a product is placed on a grocery store shelf, it has traveled countless miles and has been handled by many people. Each person...
Published May 1964. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1986. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Export-oriented illegal logging has been recognized as a major global problem in environmental, social, and economic terms. It has been argued that export-oriented illegal logging does not benefit the community or government that should be benefited by its own natural resources. The emergence of policy initiatives targeting illegal logging could...
The success of the U.S. government in persuading Japan to
liberalize the beef market is viewed as a relief to the U.S.
beef industry. The economic benefit (to the U.S. beef
producers!) of the trade liberalization however is yet to be
seen. The size of this benefit is determined, among...
Increased competition brought about by trade liberalization has raised the stakes
for improving productivity in U.S. and Canadian food processing. A key element of
productivity growth is technological change, which in turn results from R&D investment.
The present study employs an econometric model to assess rates of technological change
and...
In June 1988 the Japanese agreed to liberalize their
beef market which had been protected by an import quota
system for twenty-four years. The purpose of this thesis is
to draw conclusions/implications concerning the effect of
the trade agreement (1988 Import Quota Removal Agreement)
upon Japanese beef imports and the...
Location is a critical component of business decisions. A firm's location decision may be influenced not only by market forces, such as the location of input suppliers, output processors and competitors, but also by government policies if such policies impact their expected profits and are applied non-uniformly across space. Likewise,...
Due to growing global competition, especially in the last decade, the United States wood and wood-based industries have suffered significant market share losses. The wood industry in Germany is facing similar challenges. To stay competitive in an increasingly global marketplace, many wood manufacturers are adopting new management/manufacturing approaches. Lean manufacturing...
Many non-native weed pests of food, fiber, and nursery crops pose threats to U.S. environment and agriculture. Noxious weed regulations play an important role in preventing the introduction and spread of non-native plants, thereby protecting the local biodiversity, environment and economic activities. However, these regulations could also hamper agricultural trade....
Many economists believe that the slowdown of the productivity growth rates in the U.S. economy in early 1970's was a consequence of the increased level of environmental regulations. The main reason presented in support of this argument is that increased environmental regulations impose an additional burden to the firms, thus...
In modern economies, national governments have a wide
range of policies for restricting international trade and
protecting domestic industries at their disposal. The most
popular form of non-tariff trade policies is probably that
of a direct quantitative restriction. This policy takes
two principal forms: explicit import quotas and voluntary
export...
The construction industry employs about 7% of the total US workforce, and yet it accounts for 15.7% of all occupational fatalities. Specifically in 2011, there were 721 deaths in construction, second only to transportation with 733. The cause of a large number of these construction deaths can be attributed to...
The purpose of this study was to explore the possible relationship among fashion media, the social responsibility agenda of the Audubon Society, and the use of birds in millinery in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Both the content analysis method and the historic method were used to gain...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of commodity promotion activities on the United States' hazelnut farmer's economic welfare. Commodity promotion activities, such as generic advertising and research, are the responsibilities of government mandated commodity commissions, such as the Hazelnut Marketing Board (HMB). The HMB is a...
Hospital patients are at high risk for foodborne illness; it is essential that hospital foodservice managers know food safety principles. The purpose of this research was to assess the basic food safety knowledge of hospital foodservice managers and to determine their interest in continuing education related to food safety. A...
This dissertation addresses two main issues involving alcohol markets. In the first, we employ both parametric and nonparametric methods to analyze the market structure and estimate the degree of market power in the U.S. brewing industry. In the nonparametric case, we use the variations in the excise tax to test...
In 1996, China started to increase its annual soybean imports at a tremendously high speed. It has become one of the most important soybean import markets for the world's largest soybean producers: the United States, Brazil and Argentina. In the meantime, the Dalian Commodity Exchange (DCE), a Chinese soybean futures...
In this study, the rates of technological change in food processing sectors of U.S. and Mexico are compared through econometric estimation of both the unrestricted (long-run) and restricted (short-run) profit functions with first order autocorrelation correction. Then, the dual rate of productivity growth is computed and decomposed into its sources....
The objective of this project was to investigate the performance of three different expansive additives on the hydration properties, volume change, and stress development of Portland cement pastes and concrete.
Aerial photography taken of waste plumes from Kraft pulp mill ocean outfalls was shown to be an effective tool in the study of waste disposal sites. This technique is not limited by sea conditions and permits monitoring and evaluation of outfall sites throughout the year. Photography taken at one instant...
The atomic age was enacted by many scientists as a way to realize health and human rights. Human rights were conceived in this context as rights to economic development, science education, and nuclear medicine. The United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) acted hand in hand with UN agencies and educators...
Without a properly written contract, small woodland owners and Christmas tree growers may find themselves in situations resulting in costly and time-consuming attempts at personal negotiations and the possibility of court battles. They might have avoided these complications if theyʼd known more about basic contract law before they became bound...
This publication describes basic principles of contract law as applied to planting; growing; maintaining; harvesting; road construction, maintenance, and repair; and selling logs and timber. Includes definitions of common contract terms and sample contracts.
This research is an effort to explore the nature of good work, a concept that describes work that is beneficial to the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of its stakeholders, including and especially the worker. This effort is divided into four distinct parts. First, the construct of good work is...