Effect of temperature on seed dormancy, alpha-amylase activity and kernel weight in five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties was studied. Three ripening temperature conditions - 15.5°C, 26.6 °C and "Field" were used to induce dormancy. Alpha-amylase activity and kernel weight of developing kernels was determined every ten days after anthesis...
Bunt or stinking smut is a major disease of wheat. In the U.S.
common bunt, Tilletia caries (DC) Tul. and T. foetida (Wallr) Liro,
is a threat to wheat production in the Pacific Northwest. Screening
trials conducted by USDA Cereal Investigations Project in Oregon,
from 1955-1980, revealed that a number...
Forty-six morphological characters were used in a study of Triticum turgidum ssp. carthlicum (2n = 28) and specimens of carthlicum-like forms of Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare (2n = 42). The morphological variation patterns within these groups were examined using stepwise discriminant analysis. These results indicate that specimens studied could be...
Triticale, a newly man-made cereal from a wheat-rye cross offers a
unique food and feed potential because of its higher protein content
with nutritionally balanced amino acid composition as compared to other
cereal grains. However, some cereal proteins such as trypsin inhibitors,
present in triticale and rye, can affect the...
A study of populations characteristics of T. turgidum ssp.
carthlicum and T. aestivum ssp. carthlicoides was completed using
numerical analysis. A sample of 74 accessions of ssp. carthlicum
and 20 of ssp. carthlicoides were scored for 46 characters. It was
established that three morphological distinguishable groups of ssp.
carthlicum can...
Chromosome counts were determined for 152 accessions of Pseudoroegneria
spicata (Pursh) A. Löve and, combined with existing count
data, used to plot the distribution of diploid and tetraploid populations.
Morphological variation of 55 characters was examined in five
groups totaling 205 operational taxonomic units (OTU's), using
cluster, principal factor, and...
Studies of Hawaiian volcanoes contribute valuable insights about Earth processes and mantle evolution, and are fundamental for understanding the construction of the largest volcanoes on terrestrial planets. The pre-shield stage exists in every Hawaiian volcano, but is usually blanketed by high volume tholeiitic lava flows during the main shield stage....
Large silicic magmatic systems are responsible for producing the largest explosive volcanic eruptions on earth. These phenomena, although infrequent (i.e., 1 per 100,000 years), impact the global climate, deposit ash over continent sized regions, and significantly alter landscapes. Silicic magmatism also plays important roles in the formation and ongoing evolution...
Silicic caldera-forming eruptions are some of the largest and most destructive volcanic eruptions known, and present significant local and global hazards. The underlying processes within crustal magma plumbing systems that lead to the accumulation and eruption of large volumes of evolved magma remain enigmatic, yet there is broad consensus that...
Western Saudi Arabia hosts a number of young volcanic fields, known as “Harrats”. Harrats cover a significant proportion of western Saudi Arabia and are associated with significant volcanic hazards. However, the ultimate cause of volcanic activity remains unclear. Younger volcanism (<12 Ma) is clearly represented by the north-south-trending region known...
Cinder cones are useful geomorphic features for geological analysis because they generally have known initial states and follow a similar pattern of degradation as they are exposed to erosive processes. This is largely because cinder cones are produced by monogenetic eruptions. Characterizing large cinder cone fields in terms of age...
The eruptive history of the Quaternary Cascades arc has been relatively well characterized. However, much less is known about the frequency and sizes of explosive eruptions produced by earlier stages of the arc. The Late Neogene Deschutes Formation of Central Oregon preserves a remarkable record of heightened pyroclastic activity during...
In volcanic systems, magma is generally stored in the shallow crust prior to eruption. The conditions of this storage directly impact whether the magma eventually erupts, or crystallizes within the crust to form a pluton. In this dissertation I present four studies that investigate the storage conditions of a number...
Supervolcanic eruptions are among the most catastrophic phenomena on Earth,
erupting 100s-1000s of cubic kilometers of magma, and producing devastating local effects and global climate perturbations. The largest supervolcanic eruption of the last 28 Ma was the 74 ka Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) eruption from Sumatra, Indonesia, which erupted 2,800...
The susceptibility of milk to copper-induced or accelerated off-flavors is well known. Other animal products, including meats have not been so extensively studied. In this study different species of animals (pigs, calves, lambs and rabbits) were fed on normal rations with and without supplements of copper sulfate. During the course...
The effects of different levels of copper in the diet on growth
rates, blood and liver copper concentrations, hemoglobin levels,
and cytochrome c oxidase activities were determined in the cotton
rat. The response of the cotton rat to different levels of copper was
analagous to that of the common laboratory...
An extensive review of the literature dealing with the role of
copper in nutrition has been made; much emphasis has particularly
been placed upon some of the "comparative" aspects of copper metabolism
in various species.
A study of the comparative copper metabolism of three strains
of rats and of golden...
A post-failure investigation of a highway embankment constructed
over organic and sensitive subsoils was made with a series
of field vane tests. The results indicated that the embankment was
quite stable, and, therefore, the reliabilities of both the Φ = 0 slip-circle analysis and the field vane results seemed to...
Combinations of cohesive and cohesionless soils are often encountered
when evaluating the engineering properties of soils. The
stress-volume characteristics of the mixed soil are found to vary according
to the proportion of each component. If the cohesive soil
composes more than a certain fraction of the material, the magnitude
of...
This analysis is the study of Oregon's wildlife resources from
the period prior to white settlement up to the present time, including
critical projections, based on present trends and expected conditions
for both human and wildlife populations in the state up to the year 2010.
Prior to white settlement Oregon...
Calcareous sediments containing a large percentage of foraminiferal
microskeletal tests were taken from sites in the Panama Basin
and subjected to an investigation to determine the consolidation characteristics
of this type of soil. The consolidation-stress curves and
the time rate of consolidation curves in particular were investigated
in this study....
The failure of cutbanks is a major problem encountered by those
who construct low-cost roads in naturally forested residual soils.
Attempts have been made to lessen the severity of failures by classifying
certain soil areas as to their susceptibility to failure, in
addition to bringing past design experience into play...
This analysis concerns the life and scientific work of Henry
Augustus Rowland (1848-1901), organizer and the first chairman of
the physics department at The Johns Hopkins University in 1876.
Special materials used in this research included three pieces of
Rowland's experimental apparatus which are extant in the Smithsonian
Institution Division...
A computer program was developed for estimating construction
pore pressures in embankments without drainage at any location in
the embankment at any time during construction. This program incorporated
a modification of the Hilf-Brantz method of pore pressure
calculation and a finite element method of stress computation.
Previous methods of calculating...
Because of the fuel crisis and problems associated with thermal
pollution there is new impetus and urgency for developing more
efficient energy conversion systems for power generation. A preliminary
analysis was undertaken to determine the potential of staged
Rankine cycle systems for substantially higher efficiency. It was
necessary to optimize...