Background:
Canine oral fibrosarcoma (COF) is one of the most common oral tumors in dogs and carries a guarded prognosis due to a lack of effective systemic therapeutic options. Mastinib and imatinib are two commonly used tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in veterinary oncology but their potential efficacy against COF is...
Comparative analyses of canine and human soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are lacking. This study compared the
histological and immunohistochemical (labelling for desmin, smooth muscle actin [SMA], CD31, pancytokeratin,
S100 and CD34) appearance of 32 archived, formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded canine STS tumour
specimens by board-certified veterinary and medical pathologists, both blinded...
Full Text:
. (2013) Imatinib and dasatinib inhibit hemangio-
sarcoma and implicate PDGFR-beta and Src in tumor
growth
Dearomatization reactions exist broadly in biosynthesis and chemical synthesis. The highly functionalized atoms of arenes can be masked by it aromaticity, and upon dearomatization, those reactive atoms can be readily applied to bond formation and further manipulation. The total synthesis of (–)-cephalotaxine and (–)- homoharringtonine is described via an oxidative...
More needs to be done by the private sector to optimize the drug discovery and development pipeline. In addition, significant efforts should also be focused on the understanding of mechanism of diseases, on the characterization of unexplored biochemical pathways and on the validation of new protein targets. Chemical genomics, which...
The aging process is a biological phenomenon in mammals that heavily contributes to the onset of chronic diseases. While there are many theories that attempt to explain the biological onset of aging, one emerging theory involves chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation has been previously linked to several age-related diseases and is...
Background
Bcl11b, previously CTIP2, is a zinc finger nuclear transcription factor involved in the development of keratinocytes, teeth, T lymphocytes, and nervous tissue. Expression of Bcl11b has been reported in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and increased expression correlates with poorly differentiated tumors. This study aimed to...
Leukemogenesis, uncontrolled proliferation of dysfunctional, transformed immature lymphocytes, appears, especially in children, to be associated with abrogation of normal lymphopoiesis, and thymopoiesis in the case of T cell leukemias. Sequence specific transcription factors (SSTFs) are nuclear control switches that respond to cellular signals to alter cell state and cell fate...
Background:
In the SOD1^G93A mutant rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), neuronal death and rapid paralysis progression are associated with the emergence of activated aberrant glial cells that proliferate in the degenerating spinal cord. Whether pharmacological downregulation of such aberrant glial cells will decrease motor neuron death and prolong...
Transcription factors comprise just over 7% of the human
proteome and serve as gatekeepers of cellular function,
integrating external signal information into gene expression programs that reconfigure cellular physiology at the
most basic levels. Surface-initiated cell signaling pathways converge on transcription factors, decorating these
proteins with an array of post-translational...
Coibamide A is a methyl-stabilized cyclic depsipeptide with a lariat side chain that was isolated from a marine cyanobacterium as part of an International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups program based in Panama. Previous testing of this potent and selective growth-inhibitory agent in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in vitro 60 human...
The human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) is a broad spectrum microbicidal agent and modulator of both the innate and adaptive immune system. It is induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)₂D₃) through activation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and primary bile salts through activation of the xenobiotic nuclear receptor farnesoid X...
Pactamycin, although putatively touted as a potent antitumor agent, has never been used as an anticancer drug due to its high cytotoxicity. In this study, we characterized the effects of two novel biosynthetically engineered analogs of pactamycin, de-6MSA-7-demethyl-7- deoxypactamycin (TM-025) and 7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-026), in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma...
Coibamide A is an N-methyl-stabilized depsipeptide that was isolated from a marine cyanobacterium as part of an International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (ICBG) program based in Panama. Previous testing of coibamide A in the NCI in vitro 60 cancer cell line panel revealed a potent anti-proliferative response and "COMPARE-negative" profile indicative...
An important impact of the genome technology revolution will be the elucidation of mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis, leading to improvements in the diagnosis of cancer and the selection of cancer treatment. Integrated with current well-studied massive knowledge and findings about the role of protein-coding mutations in cancer, demystifying the functional...
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) disproportionately effects hematologic cancers when compared to solid tumor malignancies. Self-management of CRF has received increasing attention in solid tumor cancers, however, fatigue self-management in hematologic cancers has received significantly less systematic investigation. The purpose of this research was to determine effective strategies for self-managing fatigue across...
Cell death is a process of dying within biological cells that are ceasing to function. This process is essential in regulating organism development, tissue homeostasis, and to eliminate cells in the body that are irreparably damaged. In general, dysfunction in normal cellular death is tightly linked to cancer progression. Specifically,...
This thesis details my investigation of some pharmaceuticals and natural products on the transport of drugs which are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), such as cyclosporin A (CSA) and digoxin by using Caco-2 and MDCKII-MDR1 drug transport models. Three objectives were performed to address this goal. The first objective was to...
Faithful segregation of genetic material during cell division is essential to all life on earth. In eukaryotes, the mitotic spindle – a bipolar array consisting of cytoskeletal filaments called microtubules – is the cellular machinery responsible for this function. The mitotic spindle requires both exquisite spatiotemporal organization and the generation...
Peroxiredoxin (Prx) enzymes catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrous acid, and organic peroxides, and are extremely efficient peroxidases, with k[subscript cat]/K[subscript M] on the order of 10⁷ - 10⁸ M⁻¹ s⁻¹. Besides their role in oxidative stress defense, evidence has accumulated that some eukaryotes, including humans, use Prxs as...