The aflatoxins, carcinogenic and toxic mold metabolites
of Aspergillus flavus, were isolated and determined
in cottonseed meal and other feedstuffs. This new
quantitative method uses an acetone soxhlet extraction to
remove the toxins from the defatted meal. The residual
triglycerides, phospholipids and pigments were removed
from the acetone by filtration...
A promising formulation of glipizide comprising compression of four-layer coated beads into tablets which has advantages of providing a lag time (~ 2 hours) before drug release, retaining sustained-release characteristics, and providing approximately zero-order drug release, with drug release nearly independent of paddle speeds of 50 and 100 rpm during...
A promising formulation of glipizide comprising compression of four-layer coated beads into tablets which has advantages of providing a lag time (~ 2 hours) before drug release, retaining sustained-release characteristics, and providing approximately zero-order drug release, with drug release nearly independent of paddle speeds of 50 and 100 rpm during...
A promising formulation of glipizide comprising compression of four-layer coated beads into tablets which has advantages of providing a lag time (~ 2 hours) before drug release, retaining sustained-release characteristics, and providing approximately zero-order drug release, with drug release nearly independent of paddle speeds of 50 and 100 rpm during...
A promising formulation of glipizide comprising compression of four-layer coated beads into tablets which has advantages of providing a lag time (~ 2 hours) before drug release, retaining sustained-release characteristics, and providing approximately zero-order drug release, with drug release nearly independent of paddle speeds of 50 and 100 rpm during...
Methane is a product of biogeochemical processes which respond to changes in climate. The history of atmospheric methane is recorded by ice cores providing insight into past changes in these biogeochemical processes. This dissertation is comprised of three studies which focus on centennial- and millenial-scale variability of methane from ice...
The use of a three-pipe distribution system is known to impair
the operating costs of an air conditioning system. Additional costs
are encountered because heating water and cooling water are mixed
in a common return pipe after use by the various air conditioning
units. This investigation covers the design and...
A method is developed for calculating the reactivity
worth of the heavy water coolant of the Plutonium
Recycle Test Reactor (PRTR). The coolant reactivity
worth is determined by calculating the effective multiplication
constant of the reactor core with and without
the coolant in given process tubes. The calculational
method includes...
As the volume of genetic sequence data increases due to improved sequencing techniques and increased interest, the computational tools available to analyze the data are becoming inadequate. This thesis seeks to improve a few of the computational methods available to access and analyze data in the genetic sequence databases. The...
Eighty-one microbial species isolated from seafoods and other marine sources were examined to determine the extent of interactions among these species. Spot-plates, cross-plates, and concurrent growth experiments at 7, 15, 20, and 30 C indicated that Lactobacillus species were capable of inhibiting other microorganisms. Lactobacillus species isolated from oysters and...
A set of simulations with the NASA Ames Mars general circulation model (GCM) has been analyzed to define the basic properties and dynamics of quasi-stationary eddy circulations in the winter hemisphere. These circulations, differing substantially from those in low latitudes and the summer hemisphere, extended from the surface to the...
The origin of the late pre-industrial Holocene (LPIH) increase in atmospheric methane concentrations has been much debated. Hypotheses invoking changes in solely anthropogenic sources or solely natural sources have been proposed to explain the increase in concentrations. Here two high-resolution, high-precision ice core methane concentration records from Greenland and Antarctica...
Full Text:
Anthropogenic Contribution to the
Atmospheric Methane Budget
Logan Mitchell,* Ed Brook, James E. Lee, Christo
The origin of the late pre-industrial Holocene (LPIH) increase in atmospheric methane concentrations has been much debated. Hypotheses invoking changes in solely anthropogenic sources or solely natural sources have been proposed to explain the increase in concentrations. Here two high-resolution, high-precision ice core methane concentration records from Greenland and Antarctica...
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) utilizes ‘Himalaya’ blackberry, Rubus armeniacus
Focke (Rosaceae), as a host and may invade berry and stone fruit crops from field margins
containing this invasive weed. Laboratory and semi-field studies were conducted to determine (1)
the persistence of protein marks including 10% chicken egg whites (egg...
The origin of the late pre-industrial Holocene (LPIH) increase in atmospheric methane concentrations has been much debated. Hypotheses invoking changes in solely anthropogenic sources or solely natural sources have been proposed to explain the increase in concentrations. Here two high-resolution, high-precision ice core methane concentration records from Greenland and Antarctica...
While Brettanomyces can metabolize nonesterified hydroxycinnamic acids found in grape musts/wines (caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids), it was not known whether this yeast could utilize the corresponding tartaric acid esters (caftaric, p-coutaric, and fertaric acids, respectively). Red wines from Washington and Oregon were inoculated with B. bruxellensis, while hydroxycinnamic acids...
Pine Creek Conservation Area (PCCA), just northeast of the John Day River in Wheeler County, Oregon, was acquired in 1999-2001 by the Confederate Tribes of Warm Springs with support from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), to mitigate for wildlife losses created by the large, hydropower Columbia River Dams, particularly the...
The potent antitumor agent phorboxazole A was synthesized from six subunits comprising C1-C2 (115), C3-C8 (98), C9-C19 (74), C20-C32 (52), C33-C41 (84) and C42-C46 (85). Tetrahydropyrans B and C containing cis-2,6-disubstitution were fabricated via palladium(II)-mediated intramolecular alkoxycarbonylation which, in the case of tetrahydropyran C, was carried out with catalytic palladium(II)...
Basic biological information is stored in strings of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) or amino acids
(proteins). Teasing out the meaning of these strings is a central problem of modern biology. Matching and
aligning strings brings out their shared characteristics. Although string matching is well-understood in the
edit-distance model, biological strings...
Flowering is the primary trait affected by ambient
temperature changes. Plant microRNAs
(miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs playing an
important regulatory role in plant development. In
this study, to elucidate the mechanism of
flowering-time regulation by small RNAs, we
identified six ambient temperature-responsive
miRNAs (miR156, miR163, miR169, miR172, miR398
and...
An integrated analysis of turbulence observations from four unique instrument platforms obtained over
the Hawaiian Ridge leads to an assessment of the vertical, cross-ridge, and along-ridge structure of turbulence
dissipation rate and diffusivity. The diffusivity near the seafloor was, on average, 15 times that in the
midwater column. At 1000-m...
The temporal development of biological control of arthropod pests in perennial cropping
systems is largely unreported. In this study, the development of biological control of twospotted
spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Schrank), in a new planting
of hop in Oregon is described over a period...
The aquatic modeling group, consisting of Davis, Donaldson, Hall, Higley, Lyford, McIntire, Mullooly, Overton, Strand, Waring, and Warren, met in four 2-hour sessions from July 7 to July 26. The charge to the group was: 1. Define an appropriate internal structure for the aquatic subsystem; 2. Define significant couplings between...
General circulation models (GCMs) predict that the global hydrological cycle will change in response to anthropogenic warming. However, these predictions remain uncertain, in particular, for precipitation (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013, https://doi .org/10.1017/CB09781107415324.004). Held and Soden (2006, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3990.1) suggest that as lower tropospheric water vapor concentration increases in a...
The amino acid acridon-2-ylalanine (Acd) can be a valuable probe of protein conformational change because it is a
long lifetime, visible wavelength fluorophore that is small enough to be incorporated during ribosomal biosynthesis. Incorporation
of Acd into proteins expressed in E. coli requires efficient chemical synthesis to produce large quantities...
Full Text:
Fluorescent Amino Acid for Lifetime and
FRET/LRET Studies
Lee C. Speight,† Anand K. Muthusamy,† Jacob M
The amino acid acridon-2-ylalanine (Acd) can be a valuable probe of protein conformational change because it is a
long lifetime, visible wavelength fluorophore that is small enough to be incorporated during ribosomal biosynthesis. Incorporation
of Acd into proteins expressed in E. coli requires efficient chemical synthesis to produce large quantities...
Full Text:
FRET/LRET Studies
Lee C. Speight,† Anand K. Muthusamy,† Jacob M. Goldberg,† John B. Warner,† Rebecca
We used metatranscriptomics to study the gene transcription patterns of microbial plankton (0.2 to 64 μm) at a mesohaline station
in the Chesapeake Bay under transitions from oxic to anoxic waters in spring and from anoxic to oxic waters in autumn.
Samples were collected from surface (i.e., above pycnocline) waters...
Full Text:
Bay during
Oxic-Anoxic-Oxic Transitions
Hewson, I., Eggleston, E. M., Doherty, M., Lee, D. Y., Owens
We used metatranscriptomics to study the gene transcription patterns of microbial plankton (0.2 to 64 μm) at a mesohaline station
in the Chesapeake Bay under transitions from oxic to anoxic waters in spring and from anoxic to oxic waters in autumn.
Samples were collected from surface (i.e., above pycnocline) waters...
The amino acid acridon-2-ylalanine (Acd) can be a valuable probe of protein conformational change because it is a
long lifetime, visible wavelength fluorophore that is small enough to be incorporated during ribosomal biosynthesis. Incorporation
of Acd into proteins expressed in E. coli requires efficient chemical synthesis to produce large quantities...
We present the first successful ⁸¹Kr-Kr radiometric dating of ancient polar ice. Krypton was extracted from the air bubbles in four ~350 kg polar ice samples from Taylor Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, and dated using Atom Trap Trace Analysis (ATTA). The ⁸¹Kr radiometric ages agree with independent...
We used metatranscriptomics to study the gene transcription patterns of microbial plankton (0.2 to 64 μm) at a mesohaline station
in the Chesapeake Bay under transitions from oxic to anoxic waters in spring and from anoxic to oxic waters in autumn.
Samples were collected from surface (i.e., above pycnocline) waters...
Ocean acidification is predicted to occur first in polar oceans. We investigated the
saturation state of waters with respect to calcite (Wcal) and aragonite (Warg) in six sections
along an Arctic outflow pathway through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and into
the northwestern Atlantic using dissolved inorganic carbon and total...
Published April 1940. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Tracking the dynamic morphology of active materials during operation of lithium batteries is essential for identifying causes of performance loss. Digital volume correlation (DVC) is applied to high-speed operando synchrotron X-ray computed tomography of a commercial Li/MnO₂ primary battery during discharge. Real-time electrode material displacement is captured in 3D allowing...
The Gulf Stream is a major conduit of warm surface water from the tropics to the subpolar North Atlantic. Here we observe and simulate a submesoscale (<20 km) mechanism by which the Gulf Stream exchanges water with subpolar water to the north. Along isopycnals, the front has a sharp compensated...
Honey bee colony losses are a major concern in the USA and across the globe. Long-term data on losses are critical for putting yearly losses in context. US colony loss surveys have been conducted yearly since the winter of 2006–2007. Here, we report the results from the eighth annual survey...
Estimates of winter loss for managed honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies are an important measure of honey bee health and productivity. We used data from 5,500 US beekeepers (5,244 backyard, 189 sideline and 67 commercial beekeepers) who responded to the April 2012 Bee Informed Partnership Winter Colony Loss Survey and...
This study records the fifth consecutive year that winter losses of managed honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the USA have been around 30%. In April 2011, a total of 5,441 US beekeepers (an estimated 11% of total US beekeepers) responded to a survey conducted by the Bee Informed Partnership....
A recent identification of the two-component aggregation pheromone of the invasive stink bug species, Halyomorpha halys (Stal), in association with a synergist, has greatly improved the ability to accurately monitor the seasonal abundance and distribution of this destructive pest. We evaluated the attraction of H. halys to black pyramid traps...
Lateral stirring is a basic oceanographic phenomenon affecting the distribution of physical, chemical, and biological fields. Eddy stirring at scales on the order of 100 km (the mesoscale) is fairly well understood and explicitly represented in modern eddy-resolving numerical models of global ocean circulation. The same cannot be said for...
Lateral stirring is a basic oceanographic phenomenon affecting the distribution of physical, chemical, and biological fields. Eddy stirring at scales on the order of 100 km (the mesoscale) is fairly well understood and explicitly represented in modern eddy-resolving numerical models of global ocean circulation. The same cannot be said for...
Lateral stirring is a basic oceanographic phenomenon affecting the distribution of physical, chemical, and biological fields. Eddy stirring at scales on the order of 100 km (the mesoscale) is fairly well understood and explicitly represented in modern eddy-resolving numerical models of global ocean circulation. The same cannot be said for...
The cause of warming in the Southern Hemisphere during the most recent deglaciation remains a matter of debate[superscript 1,2]. Hypotheses for a Northern Hemisphere trigger, through oceanic redistributions of heat, are based in part on the abrupt onset of warming seen in East Antarctic ice cores and dated to 18,000...
Toxoplasma gondii, the most common parasitic infection of human brain and eye, persists across lifetimes, can progressively damage sight, and is currently incurable. New, curative medicines are needed urgently. Herein, we develop novel models to facilitate drug development: EGS strain T. gondii forms cysts in vitro that induce oocysts in...
Full Text:
Kim
10
, Yuqing He
10
, Tatiana Santos
11
, Stuart
Woods
12
, Patty Lee
8
, David Donkin
8
Toxoplasma gondii, the most common parasitic infection of human brain and eye, persists across lifetimes, can progressively damage sight, and is currently incurable. New, curative medicines are needed urgently. Herein, we develop novel models to facilitate drug development: EGS strain T. gondii forms cysts in vitro that induce oocysts in...
Full Text:
Kim
10
, Yuqing He
10
, Tatiana Santos
11
, Stuart
Woods
12
, Patty Lee
8
, David Donkin
8