Corals have multiple roles in maintaining ocean health and are some of the world’s most diverse ecosystems. The coral animal is host to a multitude of taxa, including symbiotic dinoflagellate algae, fungi, bacteria, protists, and viruses. Environmental stressors and disease agents can perturb the delicate balance of the coral host...
Eola rasp leaf of cherry was first described by Milbrath and
Reynolds in Oregon in 1961. Dr. Cadman of the Scottish Horticultural
Research Institute suggested that this disease was incited by a strain
of tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV), but since then controversial results
with some isolates of EoIa rasp leaf...
Avian myeloblastosis virus RNA was fractionated into a high
molecular weight RNA and a low molecular weight RNA fraction by
sucrose density centrifugation. The larger RNA component had a
sedimentation constant of 65S and the low molecular weight RNA
about 4S. The low molecular RNA has two biological properties of...
A series of studies was conducted to determine the presence
of tobacco rattle virus (TRV), potato virus X (PVX), and other
viruses in wild plants and to evaluate the efficacy of the detection
methods; to characterize and purify an isolate of TRV; and
to study the interaction between TRV and...
The glycoprotein, G, of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, IHNV,
was shown to be the viral protein which elicits and reacts with neutralizing
antibodies. The G protein also confers protective immunity on immunized
susceptible salmonid hosts to IHNV. The other three structural proteins of
IHNV, N, Ml, and M2, do not...
The development of an effective infectious
hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) vaccine depends on a
better understanding of the antigenic structure and
variation among isolates. Three objectives to elucidate
this were: (1) to generate a panel of antigenic
derivatives of the IHNV glycoprotein by monoclonal
antibody-mediated selection of neutralization-resistant
variant viruses,...
The virulence of selected isolants of infectious hematopoietic
necrosis virus (IHNV) were differentiated and correlated with
electrophoretic mobilities of virion structural proteins by sodium
dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A type 1
electropherotype of IHNV was more virulent for kokanee salmon
(Oncorhynchus nerka) and a type 2 strain more virulent for...
The detection and identification of Newcastle disease
virus (NDV) has never been straightforward. Serologically
indistinguishable pathotypes produce a wide spectrum of
disease that ranges from a severe respiratory, neurologic,
or enteric disease with high mortality to an asymptomatic
infection. Extensive use of ND vaccine strains further
complicates the serological differentiation...
The frequency of aphid transmission of cucumber mosaic virus
from diseased plants at different times after inoculation was determined.
A cycle of infectious virus was found. Primary leaves
of lima bean plants were inoculated mechanically when the first trifoliate
leaf appeared and were kept at different temperatures. At
24° C...
The use of petroleum oil prevented, to varying degrees: the
transmission of three stylet-borne viruses in three different crops.
The use of oils resulted in a marked improvement in the number of
lily bulbs harvested from treated plots as compared to the number of
lily bulbs harvested from untreated plots....
Erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome (EIBS), a viral disease
of salmon, was investigated. Reliable artificial infections were
established in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) via
intraperitoneal injection of homogenized kidney, spleen, and blood
from naturally infected animals. By examining the exposed fish
periodically for viral inclusion bodies and hematocrits, the disease
progression...
The aquaculture industry in the UK has experienced substantial growth in
the past two decades. The productivity and competitiveness of the sector to
a great extent depends on the favourable health status that the sector enjoys
relative to other major salmon producing countries in Europe. Currently the
UK is subject...
In host-associated microbiomes, the mechanisms that regulate community composition or the principles that govern dynamics remain far from clear. However, understanding how the structure of microbial communities shift as the system moves away from a healthy state is critical to assessing disease progression and to formulate any potential mitigation strategy....
Monoclonal antibodies were developed against USDA
challenge strain of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV).
Indirect immunofluorescence test was used to detect antibodies
in supernatants of hybridomas. Hybridoma cells were developed
by fusing Sp 2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells obtained from
mice immunized four times with partially purified USDA
challenge strain...
The effects of soil moisture, mineral nutrition and
temperature on the susceptibility of peas to inoculation
with bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) by the green peach
aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) were investigated along with
three vector-virus relationships. In addition, a comparative
study was made of two methods of evaluating susceptibility...
Virus contamination in a potato breeding program can seriously
disrupt the variety development process. Experiments were conducted
from 1989 through 1993 to: evaluate the extent to which Potato
Leafroll Virus (PLRV) and Potato Virus Y (PVY) can invade a breeding
program, determine viral spread within hills and within individual
tubers,...
Several systems were examined for the production and delivery of recombinant vaccines for fish. C. crescentus was employed to produce a fragment of the IHNV glycoprotein. When administered by injection to 0.5 gram rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), one of the fusion proteins (184 amino acids of the IHNV glycoprotein fused...
A characterization of the antigenic determinants (epitopes) of the glycoprotein (G) of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was made with different regions of the G gene expressed in Escherichia coli. A cDNA copy of the G gene was divided into four fragments after Taq I digestion and these fragments were...
Several bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) strains, presumably
not transmissible by aphids, were studied to determine the biological
and environmental conditions which would possibly result in aphid
transmission of these strains. Investigations were made to study the
effect of different aphid rearing conditions on the transmission
frequency of BYMV. Also,...
Factors limiting effective extraction and purification of bean
yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) were investigated. Since the use of published
techniques for purifying BYMV resulted in low yields of partially
purified virus, an improved method for partial purification of this
virus was developed. The following treatments of infectious crude extract
decreased...
Hatchery-reared salmonid fish routinely encounter stress due to
handling, barging, tagging, and overcrowding. It has been demonstrated that
there exists a direct correlation between stress and transient immune
suppression which can last for many days in fish. Epizootic viral infections
routinely appear in hatcheries and can have a devastating effect...
A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of virus infection in lambs undergoing respiratory tract disease (RTD). The investigation was divided into three study groups and consisted of lambs which were 4 to 5 months of age. In the first group (N=200), paired serum samples were taken from lambs...
Six 3 to 4 weeks old, cesarian-derived lambs were inoculated with ovine an adenovirus isolate 475N. Inoculated lambs showed moderate clinical signs of respiratory distress, conjunctivitis, and loose feces during the 10-day observation period. Virus was detected from nasal and conjunctival swabs starting on postinoculation day (PID) 2.
Virus was...
Previous work on the rose mosaic virus has produced uncertainty
concerning the identity and properties of this virus. This work was
undertaken to help establish the true identity of the virus and to determine
some of its properties.
A mechanically transmissible virus associated with rose mosaic
virus disease of Rosa...
There are over 35 known virus and virus-like diseases of sweet cherry (Prunus avium), some with potential to cause severe economic impact by reducing vegetative growth, vigor, and/or quality of fruit. Oregon is the second-ranked state for sweet cherry production in the United States with 13,000 acres and $70.8 million...
A survey of major bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) breeding programs and
seed producing areas in Idaho, Washington, and Oregon was conducted to
determine the occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), recently reported
to be seedborne in beans. Some 259 plants, sampled from breeding
lines of diverse germplasm, were found by enzyme-linked...
Molecular biological approaches were used to study and interfere with the life
cycle of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). These included the control
of IHN disease in rainbow trout by genetic immunization or interference in vitro by
synthesis of sense and antisense expression of the viral nucleocapsid (N) gene, and...
Three viruses were isolated from dahlias using a modification of
Yarwood's leaf-disc method of inoculation. Two of these isolates have
been reported previously in dahlias. In addition, a fourth virus was
isolated using a liquid-nitrogen transmission technique.
Dahlia virus isolate 1 possessed host range and thermal inactivation
properties similar to...
Recent investigations indicate that several latent viruses of
apples exist in common commercial apple stocks, but these viruses
and their relationships are incompletely understood. This thesis
describes investigations of crab apples as indicators of latent viruses
of apples.
Eighty-eight varieties and species of crab apples were tested
as indicators of...
Published March 1974. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 1974. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published August 1938. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog