The goal of this thesis is to identify the factors which have most significantly contributed to historical dam removals in the United States. The trend of increased dam removals over time is specifically analyzed for evidence that increased scarcity of environmental goods and services is motivating dam removals. A theoretical...
The majority of dam removals are small structures that are governed primarily by state and local bodies. The objective of this study is to characterize and evaluate the governance that has driven recent decisions to remove small dams. In the governance literature on small dam removals, three aspects remain unclear....
Dam removal is an important management tool for addressing aging infrastructure, public and structural safety, restoration of river connectivity for migratory organisms and recreation, and habitat quality. However, planning for dam removals is constrained by the difficulty of cost estimation. To our knowledge, published data on dam removal plans, total...
If two dams on the Elwha River are removed, the ecosystem will be open to the downstream flow of sediments and the upstream flow of marine nutrients in the form of anadromous fish. Nutrient enrichment may influence trophic dynamics of the entire ecosystem, extending beyond the aquatic boundary. I assessed...
Several reports related to dams and dam removal have been released this decade by non-governmental organizations including Dam Removal: Science and Decision Making by The Heinz Center which focused on small dams, since most of the dams removed to date as well as those likely to be removed in the...
Emerging river policy has launched small dam removal as a viable option to meet the ecological and social demands for river restoration. As small dam removals gain precedence as a policy tool in river restoration projects there exists a glaring gap in the social considerations, in particular how small dam...
Management of small dams may have profound implications for the health and integrity of small rivers and freshwater diversity. Global indicators suggest future growth in the small hydropower sector, particularly in developing countries. As a renewable energy source, it is often presumed that small hydropower entails fewer and less severe...
Dam removal is increasingly viewed as a river restoration tool because dams affect so many aspects of river hydrology, geomorphology, and ecology; but removal also has impacts. When a dam is removed, sediment accumulated over a dam’s lifetime may be transported downstream; and the timing, fate and consequences of this...
Retirement is one of the most important transitional events in later life. Despite a large body of research examining the impacts of retirement on health, questions still remain regarding the relationship between retirement timing and subsequent health and survival. Previous research examining the existence, direction, and magnitude of the relationship...
Bar-pool morphology in rivers can provide vital habitat to aquatic species, notably salmonids, which require gravel riffles to bury eggs and pools for hydraulic and cold-water refuge. In some cases, the erosion and subsequent deposition of coarse sediment downstream of a dam removal can modify habitat by inundating bar-pool structure,...
As dams approach the end of their useful life, there is need to predict where and how accumulated sediment will move following their removal to estimate impacts on aquatic habitat and infrastructure. Flume studies suggest that sediment pulses disperse in place for most dams, but it is hypothesized that a...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of aerial photos as a substitute for multiple-year pre-removal field data to assess the downstream channel changes associated with a small dam removal. The Brownsville Dam, a 2.1 m tall concrete dam on the Calapooia River, Oregon, was removed in...
The United States has had a long history of promoting agricultural exports, and the return to conditions of extreme surplus in many agricultural markets in recent years has revived interest in this topic. Some products received imperial bounties during our colonial era, but the systematic collection of trade statistics for...
This study investigated the private costs to individual households
of large-lot zoning policies. The study asked whether typical
zoning ordinances create shortages of small lots or small structures
and, if so, what the magnitude of the resultant welfare loss is.
The hypotheses were suggested by a theoretical model developed
to...
In this thesis, I explore experiences with my identity, looking at the identity people have
seen me as, who I've thought I was, and the identities my mother's and father's different family
backgrounds suggest I should be. I have divided this discussion into three main areas: my
complexion, the first...
This study provides the model that first synthesizes strategic group
theory with the New Empirical Industrial Organization (NEIO) approach in
the international trade analysis, and uses the annual group data (1953-1988) from the U.S. brewing industry with two strategic groups (national
producers and regional producers) in the presence of growing...
This study examines the determinants of location choices of Asian
immigrants in the US in 1990 and evaluates the effect of education and
other quality of life variables as well as the traditional economic variables.
The study builds upon similar works by Gallaway, Vedder and Shukla
(1974) and Dunlevy and...
In spite of the rapid economic growth of the post-war era, there
has not been significant improvement in the incidence of poverty,
nor in the inequality of income distribution around the world, and
particularly in the developing countries. A reason for the apparent
failure of the poor to benefit from...
President Clinton’s Executive Order 12898 and subsequent federal environmental justice (EJ) policies and programs have faced significant challenges in implementation. Exploring scientific uncertainty, social complexity of EJ issues, lack of clear policy guidance, and weak regulatory enforcement demonstrate these challenges. However, at the state level, EJ policies, task forces, and...
The agricultural industry across the United States is experiencing a shortage of qualified and interested young professionals who aspire to enter the agricultural sector. Internships have largely been used as an effective hands-on learning tool, exposing college students to an array of occupational skills and expectations in hopes of creating...
This project aims to determine if the relationship between shopping behavior and the tempo of in-store music is impacted by shoppers’ cultural orientation. Companies that expand their business overseas need to better understand not only the demographics of the market they are entering into, but also the cultural beliefs and...
Early adulthood is a time of transition when large segments of the population embrace new roles and show decreases in behaviors and problems thought to underlie suicide risk. Still, other segments show emergent or worsening psychopathology per-haps exacerbated by age-related disconnection from prior relational and institutional supports. Suicide prevention efforts...
The most interesting study connected with the
development of the American novel is the accompanying
feature of the growth of the country itself. In a
certain way the changes seem peculiar, but in another
way they are exactly what we might be led to expect.
In tracing the development from...
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze criteria
and procedures used in the selection of occupational advisory committee
members in Oregon community colleges. The existence of a
common core of criteria and procedures for selecting occupational
advisory committee members was investigated. Further, the...
"In 1862 Secretary Chase recommended a scheme for
the management of National Banks which was modeled
after the New York Act, A bill embodying the principal
measures proposed by the Secretary was passed in
1863. The plan, however, proved to be inoperative,
and was superseded by the Act of June...
The major purpose of this study was to determine if
there were significant differences in the self-concepts of
vocational education teacher-trainees, non-vocational education
teacher trainees and non-education students at
Montana State University.
Two hundred students were surveyed to determine if
there were any differences in self-concepts based on
either major...
The study was undertaken to determine if the construct and vocabulary
of systems theory are related to academic performance such that
a) the understanding of either or both can predict grade-point average
for college students, and b) the explicit teaching of both construct
and vocabulary to minority students can improve...