Calcium alginate gels are widely used in the biotechnology, food, and pharmaceutical industries for cell immobilization, food additives, and controlling the release of therapeutic agents. Different gelation conditions can lead to different gel structures which affects the diffusion of solutes in gels, thus mathematical models were developed to describe diffusion...
The study provides the details of the ethology of Megachile rotundata
(Fabricius), and presents preliminary observations on its
foraging and nesting behavior. Development from prepupae to adults
proceeds most rapidly at 32 degrees C., and is retarded when held
at lower and higher temperatures.
Male behavior is distinct from that...
Heterostylum robustum (Osten Sacken) is the principal parasite
of the alkali bee, Nomia melanderi Ckll., one of the most efficient
pollinators of alfalfa in the western United States.
The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of
parasitism and to investigate the biology of H. robustum.
The fly...
Phospholipids of Tenebrio molitor larvae were
separated on columns of DEAE-cellulose and silicic acid-Hyflo Super Cel. The major phosphatide components were
identified by various analytical procedures.
Phosphatidyl choline was demonstrated to be the
predominant phospholipid with a high percentage of
phosphatidyl ethanolamine. A small amount of inositol-containing
phosphatides were present....
An attempt was made to demonstrate isozymic forms of esterase,
MDH, LDH and GPDH and the variation in enzyme pattern with increasing
age in the thoracic muscle, appendage muscle and hemolymph
of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Sampled specimens
of both sexes were aged one through seven days, two weeks...
The objectives of this study were: a) to obtain and evaluate
equipment for bio-acoustical analysis for this work and for future
work in the analysis of insect sounds, b) to study the acoustical and
sexual behavior of Acheta domesticus L., and c) to determine methods
for analyzing the changes effected...
Organogenesis was observed in different age embryos and first
instar larvae of Nomia melanderi Cockerell (Halictidae), Megachile
rotundata (Fabricius) (Megachilidae), and Bombus griseocollis
(DeGeer) (Apidae) (Hymenoptera : Apoidea). It was found that, with
the exception of the ventral nerve cord, comparable organ development
had occurred by the beginning of the...
The purpose of the study was to determine an emergence
rhythm, its period, and the developmental stages susceptible to
emergence synchronization in the leafcutter bee Megachile rotundata
(Fabricius). An attempt was made to determine if an oxygen consumption
rhythm was present in the pupal and adult stages of the
alkali...
Nomia melanderi Cockerell is one of the most efficient pollinators of alfalfa in Eastern Oregon. Emergence begins in June, usually reaches its peak in early July, and may continue into early August. Male emergence precedes female emergence by four or five days. For the first few weeks of this time,...
The rhythms of emergence, oxygen consumption, and activity
were studied in Megachile rotundata with the object of comparing the
results to the major properties of the biological clock such as temperature
independence, susceptibility to light synchronization, and
entrainment. A further objective was to compare the three rhythms
to determine if...
Immunotaxonomic studies have largely been based
on serology in which either one of two parameters has
been used for establishing relationships: (1) the number
of precipitin arcs formed on Ouehterlony plates, or
(2) the total amount of precipitin resulting from
reactions with a standard antiserum.
Recognizing the restrictions of both...
Chalkbrood is a mycosis of larvae of the alfalfa leafcutting bee,
Megachile rotundata (Fabricius). It is a serious threat to alfalfa seed
growers in western North America who use populations of this bee for
pollination. Basic studies were conducted to determine the etiology of
this disease and the course of...
Resilient water, food, and energy management strategies for an ever-growing population and changing environment depends on our understanding of water and carbon cycles from local to global scales. Fluxes of water and carbon are coupled by photosynthesis and plant transpiration cycles the largest fraction of terrestrial water from the land...
The behaviors of the alfalfa leaf cutter bee - seed
production system under imposition of several management
regimes were studied through the use of a simulation
model that contains mechanisms for the following
processes: 1) immature bee development and diapause; 2)
immature bee mortality; 3) female bee emergence; 4)
nesting...