Affecting an estimated 1.7 million people annually, traumatic brain injury has been labeled a major public health threat. As the leading cause of death and disability in young people, and the signature wound of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the issue is drawing increased media attention. Analyses begin by...
Peppermint, Mentha piperita 'Black Mitcham' was established as a host for tomato
spotted wilt virus-impatiens serotype (TSWV-I). TSWV-I infection of peppermint,
initially observed in a research greenhouse (Corvallis, OR), included stunting and
downward curling of leaves accompanied by bronzing, and occasionally tip necrosis.
Young leaves appeared either symptomless, deformed, or...
This study assessed social, family, and personal resources
available to individuals in a financial crisis situation utilizing
mailed questionnaires. The sample consisted of 74 subjects in two
groups: (1) individuals in a financial crisis situation, identified
by their participation in a Consumer Credit Counseling Service program
and referred to in...
Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of paralysis and oligohydramnios on the development of the rat fetus. Behavior was suppressed in utero by subcutaneous injections of curare or puncture of the amniotic membrane leading to oligohydramnios. In Experiment 1, fetuses were treated with curare, oligohydramnios, both, or a...
Small low-head diversion dams are capable of removing much of the flow of a river, often resulting in increased water temperatures and habitat loss. Warmer temperatures have been shown to accelerate aquatic invertebrate growth and development, and discharge reductions can reduce instream habitat, suggesting that water withdrawals may alter both...
The Utah System of Higher Education (USHE) and the eight public colleges and universities in the system, have depended on the Federal Pell Grant program for more than 40 years to assist students to attend. For some of these institutions, the amount of Pell grant dollars received is as much...
We measured surface soil (0–15 cm) C and N pools and processes inside and outside an area that had been trenched 13 years earlier in an old-growth conifer forest (>450 years) to assess the long-term impacts of reduced root inputs on C and N turnover. Trenching, combined with frequent clipping...
E-commerce has begun to evolve beyond simple web pages to more sophisticated ways of conducting e-business transactions, such as through electronic advertising, negotiation, and delivery. However, to participate in these advances requires the skills of professional programmers, and end-user owners of small businesses often cannot justify this expense. In this...
In the highly competitive animal protein market, seafood faces increasing pressure to improve and standardize product quality. While there is general consensus that quality can be improved for many seafood products, there is little agreement on the types and levels of characteristics that should define "quality." This is a fundamental...
Pelargonidin 3-glucoside (pgd 3-glu), pelargonidin 3-sophoroside (pgd 3-soph),
and pelargonidin 3-sophoroside 5-glucoside acylated with cinnamic and malonic acids
(acyl-pgd 3-soph 5-glu) were extracted from strawberries (Fragaria anannassa cv,
Totem), nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus), and radish peel (Raphanus sativus L.
cv, fuego), respectively. Their stability was studied in natural and model...
Members of the tribe Sabethini (Diptera: Culicidae) oviposit and develop in phytotelmata (plant-held waters) and are primarily distributed in a pantropical pattern. Recent cladistic studies have demonstrated that while the tribe is monophyletic, three of its 13 genera are not. The genus Wyeomyia is particularly problematic and debate among culicidologists...
Twelve stream segments in the Silvies River drainage system were classified in
the fall of 1993 and again in 1994, using a morphological classification of natural
rivers (Rosgen 1994). Bankfull flow of stream channels is the key feature of this
system. Measurement of bankfull is used in the calculation of...
An extensive literature review into the causes and
controls of diarrhea was followed by three weanling rabbit
performance trials to examine the influence of dietary
modifications on diarrhea in the rabbit.
In the first set of experiments, the ion exchangers
clinoptilolite (0, 1.5 and 3.0%) and sodium bentonite (0 and...
A study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary protein on
performance of commercial New Zealand White rabbits.
In Part I of this study, three levels of crude protein (17.5, 19
and 20.5%) were fed to lactating does and their offspring during a 12
month period. Total rabbits born...
Metabolic disorders affect much of the population, and it is widely believed that they have a genetic basis as well as being influenced by dietary factors. Recent studies have revealed an important role for the neil1 gene in the prevention of metabolic diseases. NEIL1 is a DNA Glycosylase that catalyzes...
Full Text:
., Yamada, Y., Nakajima Y., Nakayama O., Makishima M., Matsuda M. and Shimomura I. (2004) J Clin Invest 114
Metabolic disorders affect much of the population, and it is widely believed that they have a genetic basis as well as being influenced by dietary factors. Recent studies have revealed an important role for the neil1 gene in the prevention of metabolic diseases. NEIL1 is a DNA Glycosylase that catalyzes...
Full Text:
.,
Nakayama O., Makishima M., Matsuda M. and Shimomura I. (2004) J Clin
Invest 114(12), 1752‐1761.
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We present a systems modeling approach to the development of a place-based ecohydrological model. The conceptual model is calibrated to a variety of existing observations, taken in watershed 10 (WS10) at the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) in Oregon, USA, a long term ecological research (LTER) site with a long...
The typical coho salmon life history has been characterized by juvenile fish that spend their entire first year in freshwater habitats before migrating into estuaries as smolts. However, reports of early migrating coho fry (age 0), including migration downstream to estuarine habitats, date back to the 1960s. Until a few...
The detection and mapping of large scale changes to forested landscapes is increasingly important in ecology and management. I used Landsat TM and MSS imagery to map forest cover in 1992 for a 4.2 million ha area of the interior of British Columbia with an overall classification accuracy of 79%....
The development of geothermal resources has been delayed in the United States for several reasons: the ready availability of low-cost fossil fuels, the general remoteness from load centers of geothermal areas, and more recently the illusion that nuclear power plants would provide all our needed power at a low cost...
The stereospecific reagent-controlled homologation (StReCH) of boronic esters with enantioenriched carbenoid species generated in situ by the addition of organolithium initiators to stereodefined α-chloroalkyl aryl sulfoxides was previously reported. The reaction of an organolithium with an α-chloroalkyl aryl sulfoxide ostensibly generates an α-chloroalkyllithium via sulfoxide-lithium exchange; however, the true nature...
This thesis describes an investigation of the natural products chemistry of two fungal species of the genus Tolypocladium. Natural products are small organic molecules that are considered non-essential for cell growth and reproduction, and thus part of secondary metabolism. Chemical profiling of these secondary metabolites using a combination of high-performance...
Senecio jacobaea (tansy ragwort) is a poisonous plant responsible
for livestock deaths in the Pacific Northwest. Horses and cattle are
susceptible, while sheep are resistant to the toxic action of the
pyrrolizidine alkaloids which the plant contains. Hepatic enzymes
are responsible for the biotransformation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids
into tissue damaging...
The average size and age of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha) caught in commercial fisheries along the Pacific Coast
of North America have decreased substantially in this century. These
declines might be caused in part by changes in size and age at
maturity within the stocks contributing to those fisheries. Upriver...
It has been suggested that cellular damage from oxygen radicals is one of the processes leading to cardio-vascular disease and cancer. Natural antioxidants prevent uncontrolled oxidative reactions by decreasing molecular oxygen levels, scavenging chain-initiating and chain-propagating free radicals, chelating metals, or decomposing peroxides. Beer is rich in antioxidants, derived both...
All parents experience some problems with their children and may
look to various parenting resources for guidance and reassurance
(Stoltz, 1967). The literature on the problems parents experience,
including tantrums, bedwetting, whining/crying, has not
comprehensively explored the range and co-occurrence of child
behavior problems across all ages (Kanoy and Schroeder,...
There is a connection between science and art. This study is specifically looking at the connection between soil science, art, and biochemistry. The traditional display of research in the sciences is in a written form such as a manuscript or journal article. To challenge this traditional presentation of scientific knowledge...
A simple debris-slide model, employing a digital elevation model (DEM) and geological data, was used in a geographic information system (GIS) to map slope stability in the Andrews Experimental Forest, located in the western Cascade Range in Oregon, USA. To evaluate the contribution of error in elevation to the uncertainty...
High water temperatures in rivers have detrimental effects on riverine water quality and ecology. In this study, two river temperature models, within the agricultural watershed model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), were investigated for their ability to simulate water temperatures accurately throughout the year. The original temperature model within...
Cataract is a leading cause of blindness throughout the world, yet the fundamental biochemical causes are unknown. A rodent model of the biochemical processes is selenite cataract. This cataract shows some of the features of human cataracts such as increased lens calcium, proteolysis of proteins, and insolubilization leading to lens...
Careful analysis and thoughtful synthesis will be necessary for expanding the envelope of
ecological understanding. This work is my attempt at communicating both of these, in relation
to three questions about our understanding of the structure and dynamics of biological diversity.
These questions focus on a) advancing our understanding of...
The classical two-dimensional wavemaker problem is formulated for
linear waves. Two conformal mappings are applied to the mathematical
formulation to transform the wavemaker problem into a unit disk. It is then
shown that this technique cannot produce in practice a numerical
representation of the fluid motion throughout time for any...
Effective teacher training programs have been a concern for many
years. While most teacher training programs have been evaluated by
follow-up studies valuable information can be gained by assessing
the needs and concerns of teacher trainees as they progress through
their teacher training experiences. The primary purpose of this
study...
Five experiments were conducted to evaluate tree forage as a feedstuff for small livestock, using the foliage of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and hybrid poplar (Populus spp.). In the first trial, rabbits were fed diets containing 40% alfalfa (control), and 10%, 20% and 40% poplar leaves (PL) from untrimmed or...
Fruit tree fertilization is a standard grower practice intended to supplement soil-supplied nutrients. Both soil-applied fertilizers and nutrients stored within the tree are important. Tree reserves are the major source of nutrients for developing tissues before petal fall. Current-season growth and
yield are influenced by nutritional status, which in turn...
There will be winners and losers as climate change alters the habitats of polar organisms. For an Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony on Beaufort Island (Beaufort), part of a cluster of colonies in the southern Ross Sea, we report a recent population increase in response to increased nesting habitat as...
An improved understanding of ecohydrologic connections is critical for improving land management decisions in water-scarce regions of the western United States. For this study, conducted in a semiarid (358 mm) rangeland location in central Oregon, we evaluated precipitation-interception-soil moisture dynamics at the plot scale and characterized surface water and groundwater...
My work on computing complex catalyzed organic transformations reveals that only a few subtle chemical factors, e.g. non-classical hydrogen bonding, (hyper)conjugation and steric effects, common across different catalyst manifolds are critical for catalysis and selectivity. Rational manipulation and exploitation of these factors has led to improved catalyst designs, which has...