This study aimed to explore the relationship between grassroots activism, in the form of a plastic bag ban, and social capital. I postulated that grassroots activism would lead to higher levels of social capital. The data was collected through a survey distributed on community bulletin boards, an announcement at a...
The spatial ecology of a species is a vital component of informed management and restoration plans, yet little is known about how animals use restored or constructed habitat. We assessed home ranges, core areas, and habitat selection of the federally threatened Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) using rice agricultural habitat and...
Small remnants of 'natural' habitats exist today throughout much of the world. Upland prairies in the Willamette Valley, Oregon have been nearly eliminated by conversion to agriculture and other uses. As a result, very few prairies remain and at least four butterfly species that require this habitat appear to be...
In the last 200 years there have been significant declines in the amount and structural complexity of oak-dominated forests and savannahs in the Pacific Northwest. Restoring oak systems often involves selectively thinning stands of oaks in order to reduce competition for sunlight. In choosing which trees to cut, land managers...
Dispersal is integral to our understanding of the life history and population biology of many vertebrates, but difficulties in detecting long distance movements have complicated its study. Moreover, studies of factors affecting dispersal are often unable to determine the relative contributions of variables such as nesting success, mate fidelity, and...
I used a comparative and experimental approach to examine nest habitat selection, reproductive success, and nest site fidelity of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) in a large, non-fragmented grassland in southwest California. In 1999, I compared habitat characteristics between nest sites (n = 31) and randomly selected, unoccupied burrows (n =...
Through a desk-top analysis, this research shows that South African women have gained and utilize specialized skills, behaviors, and adaptations through their daily activities which are useful when applied to water resource management. Further, South African women are shown to build and draw on social capital as a way to...
Over one third of the earth’s land surface has been modified to some extent for agricultural purposes. The large global footprint of agriculture, combined with the knowledge that existing reserve networks are likely insufficient for long-term conservation of native biodiversity, has necessitated that agricultural systems contribute to conservation of native...
The temporal and spatial variation in reproductive success exhibited by burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) facilitates the testing of mechanisms influencing this parameter. I predicted that food supplementation would increase reproductive success through one of two means: (1) directly, through increasing food availability and decreasing the effects of brood reduction,...
The issue of Navy women in combat has been widely discussed
since women first served during World War I. In this paper I intend to
present the political, philosophical, and historical reasoning behind the
changing of the regulations to allow women in combat.
History shows that the Navy has faced...
Olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) present an interesting case study of the conservation of wildlife species that aggregate in high densities and have served as resources for human consumption. Ridleys exhibit synchronized mass-nesting behavior,
during events called "arribadas," where thousands of females lay eggs together in a small area...
This thesis consists of three manuscripts describing ecophysiological research on the cyanolichen Lobaria oregana. The first manuscript includes a re-evaluation of the assumptions underlying past estimates of N fixation by this species and provides an estimate of annual N fixation at the Wind River Canopy Crane (WRCC). Based upon litterfall...
Wilderness character monitoring (WCM) is an interagency strategy created in 2008 in collaboration between the four federal land management agencies that manage designated wilderness (Forest Service, National Park Service, Fish and Wildlife Service and Bureau of Land Management) and other contributors (Landres et al. 2008a). The reports created from this...
Towns in the U.S. west are increasing in population and becoming more desirable places to live. This increase in population and tourism has led to increased pressure on public lands. State trust land is a unique land type amongst the matrix of public lands in Montana. It has a mandate...
Rocks south of the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) in Swat,
Pakistan consist predominantly of Precambrian to Paleozoic
granitic gneisses and metasedimentary rocks that represent
the deformed and metamorphosed northern margin of the Indian
subcontinent. In the Karakar Pass area the rocks are divisible into three lithologic units: the Swat granite...
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Paul S. Palmer-Rosenberg for the degree of Master of Science
in Geology presented on May 16, 1985
We assessed use and selection of cover by coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii
clarkii) in six headwater streams in three watersheds in western Oregon, USA during the summer low flow period from 1 August and September 30, 2007. We tagged 1037 coastal cutthroat trout (>100 mm) with passive integrated transponder...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the survival and movements of newly metamorphosed Northern Red-legged frogs (Rana aurora aurora) as they emigrated from two ephemeral breeding ponds. Quantifying survival and movement rates will be important to our understanding how changes to terrestrial and aquatic systems affect behavior and...
The acorn woodpecker is among the most common primary cavity nesting bird of the Oregon white oak woodlands. In most of
their range, acorn woodpeckers are dependent on granaries for acorn storage, yet little is known about their selection of granary
sites. We compared habitat characteristics within 12 m of...
Disproportionate exposure to exploitative working conditions, social marginalization, and a lack of equitable living conditions are among the many issues that migrant Latinx populations face daily in the United States. However, such issues cannot be addressed by relying solely on traditional academic research approaches without the participation and direction of...
Natal dispersal is an important driver of population and colonization dynamics, yet factors that
affect timing and distance of post-fledging movements are poorly understood. We studied post-fledging movements
of 34 (12 male and 22 female) juvenile Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) between June 2002 and April
2003, in a nonmigratory population...
Reproductive strategies of birds are shaped by patterns of food supply, yet empirical evidence of the consequences and mechanisms of food limitation on reproductive performance is inconsistent, probably due to variable responses from species of differing life-history strategies. We tested the hypothesis that food supplementation would increase reproductive rates of...
Like other species interactions in ecological systems, host-pathogen interactions are influenced by environmental factors, landscape characteristics and the broader community context. My thesis explores the potential influences of food-web interactions (Chapter 2), climate change (Chapter 3), landscape structure and host movement patterns (Chapter 4), and the combined influences of local...
A primary goal of population genetics is to identify the role of
microevolutionary forces in producing observed patterns of molecular and phenotypic
variation. I conducted four studies in the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens, to
determine just how mutation, migration, genetic drift, and selection influenced,
genetic structure of mitochondrial DNA...
This dissertation aims to elicit how a neo-colonial context shapes maternal and infant heath (MIH) outcomes by describing how they are socially, politically, historically, and culturally produced. Using a multi-level critical biocultural, medical anthropological research approach, the purpose of this research was to investigate maternal stress in the United States...
Engineered capillary barriers typically consist of two layers of granular materials designed so that the contrast in material hydraulic properties and sloping interface retain infiltrating water in the upper layer. We conducted two benchtop capillary barrier experiments, followed by interpretation and numerical modeling. The hydraulic parameters for two coarse materials...
Objective: This study examines obstetrician/gynecologists and family medicine physicians' reported care patterns, attitudes and beliefs and predictors of adherence to postpartum testing in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Research Design and Methods: In November-December 2005, a mailed survey went to a random, cross-sectional sample of 683 Oregon...
In the Colorado Rocky Mountains, the association of high topography and low seismic
velocity in the underlying mantle suggests that recent changes in lithospheric buoyancy may have
been associated with surface uplift of the range. This paper examines the relationships among
late Cenozoic fluvial incision, channel steepness, and mantle velocity...
Vibrio vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus in the estuarine-marine environment are of human health significance and may be increasing in pathogenicity and abundance. Vibrio illness originating from dermal contact with Vibrio laden waters or through ingestion of seafood originating from such waters can cause deleterious health effects, particularly if the strains...
BACKGROUND: Patients receiving hospice or palliative care often receive antimicrobial therapy; however the effectiveness
of antimicrobial therapy for symptom management in these patients is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: The study’s objective was to systematically review and summarize existing data on the prevalence and
effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy to improve symptom burden among...
BACKGROUND: As it becomes increasingly possible to obtain DNA sequences of orthologous genes from diverse sets
of taxa, species trees are frequently being inferred from multilocus data. However, the behavior of many methods for
performing this inference has remained largely unexplored. Some methods have been proven to be consistent given...
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, M., Syring, J., Eckert, A. J., Liston, A., Cronn, R., Neale, D. B., &
Rosenberg, N. A. (2014). An
Many divorcing persons turn to treatment programs hoping for assistance in
managing the process of divorce. Treatment programs include individual as well as
group process models. One of the goals of most group process programs is to
generate peer support which in turn is hoped to facilitate the process of...
BACKGROUND: Little is known regarding the prevalence or risk factors for non-comprehension and non-compliance with discharge instructions among older adults.
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the prevalence and identify patient characteristics associated with non-comprehension and non-compliance with discharge instructions.
RESEARCH DESIGN: Prospective cohort study
SUBJECTS: 450 adults aged ≥65 admitted to medical...
BACKGROUND: Identifying patients at high risk of hospital readmission may facilitate
interventions to improve care. Depressive symptoms are prevalent among hospitalized older
adults and may provide a target for these interventions if associated with readmission. The aim of
this study was to quantify the risk of 30-day unplanned hospital readmission...
This study examined the relationship between self-esteem and student involvement among American college sophomore women. Self-esteem is defined as "a positive or negative attitude toward the self" (Rosenberg, 1989, xxviii). Student involvement is defined as the amount of time a student spends actively involved in various activities in college (Astin,...
The purpose of this study was three fold: 1) to determine if false consensus
effects would be found for estimates of sexual behaviors, 2) to determine the directional
accuracy of consensus estimates for subscribers and nonsubscribers and 3) to determine if
the degree of accuracy of those estimates was influenced...
This investigation was a two stage study performed in two urban/
rural communities in Washington State. Stage I was an effort to replicate a study performed in an eastern Virginia school district whereby
results were obtained demonstrating that 9th graders and black students
identified teacher warmth behaviors as being important...
Background: Scientists rarely reuse expert knowledge of phylogeny, in spite of years of effort to assemble a great
“Tree of Life” (ToL). A notable exception involves the use of Phylomatic, which provides tools to generate custom
phylogenies from a large, pre-computed, expert phylogeny of plant taxa. This suggests great potential...
A Likert-type scale measuring attitudes toward the handicapped
was developed and used to investigate intercorrelations between
these attitudes and three other socio-political attitudes, namely
ethnocenterism, radical-conservatism, and authoritarianism. The
reliability was assessed by the split-half correlation coefficient
as corrected by the Spearman-Brown prophesy formula. The construct
validity was established by...
The problem of this study was to determine the relationship
between selected autobiographical data and the personality characteristics
of high school basketball players.
The Athletic Motivation Inventory (AMI) measured the personality
traits of 150 high school basketball players. The Individual Data
Questionnaire was used to identify background characteristics for
comparison...
Siblings influence each other lifelong and are challenged to
accomplish specific developmental tasks of the sibling relationship
(Goetting, 1986). Rivalry and closeness are the fundamental themes in
this relationship. In adolescence two siblings might give each other
emotional support, be confidants, feel close; they might also
struggle, fight, and feel...
We explain a new method of detecting non point source fecal contamination using a PCR based method called Touchdown Polymerase Chain Reaction (TD-PCR). Using genetic markers particular to general, ruminant and human Bacteroides- Prevotella genes, we identified presence in both fresh and salt water environments. Water samples from four sites...
Climate change and other anthropogenic impacts are threatening the existence of millions of species around the globe. On western continental boundaries, the large-scale secondary process of upwelling, which brings low pH, deoxygenated, high nutrient seawater to the surface, is compounded by climate change, that together could drive some species to...
How can healthcare providers, particularly pharmacists, help palliative care patients cope with the inevitability of death? This thesis reviewed how spirituality and religious beliefs can be utilized as key coping strategies for many patients and their loved ones regarding various stressors associated with facing mortality in palliative care. In the...
Identifying factors related to adolescent sexual activity is an important
issue for health care, education, and public policy. This research explores the
idea that sexual identity relates to adolescent sexual activity and the riskiness of
the behavior. Sexual identity is composed of many factors, including self-esteem,
sexual self-efficacy, body image,...
Climate change, wildfire, timber harvest, and land conversion alter the availability of downed wood in forests of the western United States. Numerous taxa rely on downed wood for temperature and humidity refugia, and downed wood may play a key role in enabling the persistence of climate-sensitive, low-vagility species like terrestrial...