To describe the life histories and demography of a fluvial population of Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus, we PIT-tagged and radio-tagged Bull Trout captured in Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River (Washington–Oregon), during 1998–2009. Adult abundance declined 63% during 2006–2010, driven primarily by a 10-fold reduction in subadult-to-adult...
This work develops the loads, boundary conditions, and model construction techniques used to create a high-level vehicle analysis model. The loads are derived from the overall performance parameters of the vehicle, which include 3 axis accelerations and aerodynamic forces from Computational Fluid Dynamics outputs. The boundary condition of the analysis...
How might capabilities for algorithm animation be seamlessly integrated into a programming language that is both visual and declarative? Until now, visual programming language researchers have not attempted to answer that question, making the fruits of algorithm animation available only to users of textual programming languages. Users of visual programming...
The objective of this research was to study the effects of increased water temperature characteristic of clearcut watersheds of Pacific coastal streams upon the growth rate of juvenile coho salmon. The natural temperature fluctuations of the stream were used in the study of growth of underyearling fish held in aquariums...
Kincaid's lupine (Lupinus oreganus Heller) is a federally listed threatened species native to remnant grassland of western Oregon and southwestern Washington, and is the primary larval host plant of a once thought extinct butterfly, Plebejus icarioides fenderi Macy. Past studies concerning Kincaid's lupine reproduction
suggested that populations may suffer reductions...
A partnership project of the Bangladesh Department of Fisheries, five NGOs and ICLARM has introduced community management of inland fisheries in Bangladesh. Management arrangements and outcomes are compared in four waterbodies with different property rights. In the closed lake fishers jointly stock, guard and harvest fish, non-members are excluded. Production...
Recently generalized Fibonacci numbers have received increasing attention. Some properties that are well known for traditional Fibonacci numbers do not generalize easily, some others do not generalize at all. In this paper we report some properties that we have generalized. Section 1 introduces the notation and a theorem due to...
Energy recovery ventilators (ERVs) are an effective way to reduce energy consumption in buildings while satisfying ventilation standards. As membrane technology and manufacturing methods improve, membrane based ERVs are seeing increased market penetration. In the present study, the feasibility of membrane ERV designed to fit in a commercial building wall...
Consumer-grade GPS units are a staple of modern field ecology, but the relatively
large error radii reported by manufacturers (up to 10 m) ostensibly precludes their
utility in measuring fine-scale movement of small animals such as insects. Here
we demonstrate that for data collected at fine spatio-temporal scales, these devices...
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44.58834202 -123.36797808 m 0 20 0
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Consumer-grade GPS units are a staple of modern field ecology, but the relatively
large error radii reported by manufacturers (up to 10 m) ostensibly precludes their
utility in measuring fine-scale movement of small animals such as insects. Here
we demonstrate that for data collected at fine spatio-temporal scales, these devices...
Full Text:
movement patterns
Greg A. Breed1,3 and PaulM. Severns1,2
1 Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham
Consumer-grade GPS units are a staple of modern field ecology, but the relatively large error radii reported by manufacturers (up to 10 m) ostensibly precludes their utility in measuring fine-scale movement of small animals such as insects. Here we demonstrate that for data collected at fine spatio-temporal scales, these devices...
Primula sect. Parryi comprises five species endemic to western North America: P. parryi, P. angustifolia, P. rusbyi, P. capillaris, and P. cusickiana with four varieties. This section, derived from a clade with representatives in Asia and Europe, exemplifies a phytogeographic pattern in which a widespread species is accompanied by multiple...
We investigate several methods of computing Fibonacci numbers quickly and generalize some properties of the Fibonacci numbers to degree r Fibonacci (R-nacci) numbers. Sections 2 and 3 present several algorithms for computing the traditional, degree two, Fibonacci numbers quickly. Sections 4 and 5 investigate the structure of the binary representation...
Phytophthora species were systematically sampled, isolated, identified and compared for presence in streams, soil and roots of alder (Alnus species) dominated riparian ecosystems in western Oregon. We describe the species assemblage and evaluate Phytophthora diversity associated with alder. We recovered 1250 isolates of 20 Phytophthora species. Only three species were...
Through a phylogenetic study Using LECCYCIA nucleotide sequences and a survey of historical Botanical literature, we propose clarifications in the nomenclature of Lupinus oreganus and Lupinus biddlei. The former taxon has been incorrectly classified as Lupinus sulphurcus ssp. kincaidii and recently as L. oreganus var. kincaidii. The latter has recently...
Phytophthora borealis and Phytophthora riparia, identified in recent Phytophthora surveys of forest streams in Oregon, California and Alaska, are described as new species in Phytophthora ITS Glade 6. They are similar in growth form and morphology to P. gonapodyides and are predominately sterile. They present unique DNA sequences, however, and...
In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets were assessed in 1998-1999. The percentage of ponds stocked increased from 1990 to 1998, but did not differ significantly between past participants...
This manual is intended for forest land owners and managers who want to understand and prevent unnecessary forest damage from insects. This manual covers only insects that infest living trees, not those that infest dead wood.
The manual is organized into chapters based on the part of the tree that...
This report is one of a series issued in cooperation with the ANC-23 Panel on Composite Construction for Flight Vehicles of the Departments of the Air Force, Navy, and Commerce.
Restricted rotations of chemical bonds can lead to the presence of persistent conformational chirality in molecules 10 lacking stereocenters. We report the development of first-ofa- kind predictive rules that enable identification of conformational chirality and prediction of racemization barriers in the diarylether heptanoid (DAEH) natural products that do not possess...
Frailty is a state of decreased physical functioning and a significant complication of ageing. We examined frailty, energy and macronutrient
intake, biomarkers of nutritional status and food insufficiency in US older adult (age ≥60 years) participants of the Third National Health
and Nutrition Examination Survey (n 4731). Frailty was defined...
Introduction: People whose faces look untrustworthy tend to receive harsher social evaluations, including more severe criminal sentences. Yet little is known about how much facial trustworthiness reflects individuals’ behavioral histories. We examined whether adolescent histories of delinquency and substance use predict strangers’ perceptions of young men’s facial trustworthiness. Methods: Boys...
It is difficult to relate intrinsic nanomaterial properties to their functional behavior in the environment. Unlike frameworks for dissolved organic chemicals, there are few frameworks comparing multiple and inter-related properties of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to their fate, exposure, and hazard in environmental systems. We developed and evaluated reproducibility and inter-correlation...
Successful host cell colonization by the Q fever pathogen, Coxiella burnetii, requires translocation of effector proteins into
the host cytosol by a Dot/Icm type 4B secretion system (T4BSS). In Legionella pneumophila, the two-component system (TCS)
PmrAB regulates the Dot/Icm T4BSS and several additional physiological processes associated with pathogenesis. Because PmrA...
Successful host cell colonization by the Q fever pathogen, Coxiella burnetii, requires translocation of effector proteins into
the host cytosol by a Dot/Icm type 4B secretion system (T4BSS). In Legionella pneumophila, the two-component system (TCS)
PmrAB regulates the Dot/Icm T4BSS and several additional physiological processes associated with pathogenesis. Because PmrA...
Successful host cell colonization by the Q fever pathogen, Coxiella burnetii, requires translocation of effector proteins into
the host cytosol by a Dot/Icm type 4B secretion system (T4BSS). In Legionella pneumophila, the two-component system (TCS)
PmrAB regulates the Dot/Icm T4BSS and several additional physiological processes associated with pathogenesis. Because PmrA...
Full Text:
Colonization of Mammalian Host Cells
Paul A. Beare,a Kelsi M. Sandoz,a Charles L. Larson,a Dale Howe,a Brent
Conspectus:
The flexibility, complexity, and size of contemporary organocatalytic transformations pose interesting and powerful opportunities to computational and experimental chemists alike. In this Account, we disclose our recent computational investigations of three branches of organocatalysis in which nonbonding interactions, such as C–H···O/N interactions, play a crucial role in the organization...
Concentrations of H₂O and CO₂ in olivine-hosted melt inclusions can be used to estimate crystallization depths for the olivine host. However, the original dissolved CO₂ concentration of melt inclusions at the time of trapping can be difficult to measure directly because in many cases substantial CO₂ is transferred to shrinkage...
The New Zealand endemic Maui’s dolphin Cephalorhynchus hectori maui is characterized by several life history traits thought to be important predictors of extinction risk in marine mammals, including a slow rate of reproduction, small geographic range, small group size, and coastal distribution. We continued the genetic monitoring of the remnant...
Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and the host responses to Johne's disease is complicated by the multi-faceted disease progression, late-onset host reaction and the lack of available ex vivo infection models. We describe a novel cell culture passage model that mimics the course of infection...
A regional urban forestry initiative, the Portland-Vancouver Metropolitan Regional Urban Forestry Strategy, was recently created in the Portland, Oregon and Vancouver, Washington region of the United States. To inform the development of this initiative, a needs assessment survey was sent to community officials and program managers in the 30 cities...
Successful host cell colonization by the Q fever pathogen, Coxiella burnetii, requires translocation of effector proteins into
the host cytosol by a Dot/Icm type 4B secretion system (T4BSS). In Legionella pneumophila, the two-component system (TCS)
PmrAB regulates the Dot/Icm T4BSS and several additional physiological processes associated with pathogenesis. Because PmrA...
BACKGROUND: To examine the association between objectively measured light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behaviors, and biological markers in a national
sample of U.S. pregnant women, as few studies have examined these relationships among this population.
METHODS: The sample of noninstitutionalized U.S. civilians was selected by a complex, multistage...
Large river plumes modify coastal environments and can impact production across multiple trophic levels. From 1999 to 2009, the
assemblages of forage fish, predator fish, and other pelagic nekton were monitored in coastal waters associated with the Columbia
River plume. Surveys were conducted at night to target vertically migrating species,...
Annual grass invasion into shrub-dominated ecosystems is associated with changes in nutrient cycling that may alter nitrogen (N) limitation and retention. Carbon (C) applications that reduce plant-available N have been suggested to give native perennial vegetation a competitive advantage over exotic annual grasses, but plant community and N retention responses...
Dwarf mistletoes (Arceuthobium species) influence many processes within forested ecosystems, but few studies have examined their distribution in relation to climate. An analysis of 1549 forested plots within a 14.5 million ha region of southeast Alaska provided strong indications that climate currently limits hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense (Rosendahl) G.N....
How might capabilities for algorithm animation be seamlessly integrated into a programming language that is both visual and declarative? Until now, visual programming language researchers have not attempted to answer that question, making the fruits of algorithm animation available only to users of textual progranming languages. Users of visual programming...
Weintroduce two simple methods for the statistical comparison of the temporal pattern
of life-cycle events between two populations. The methods are based on a translation of stagefrequency
data into individual Ôtimes in stageÕ. For example, if the stage-k individuals in a set of samples
consist of three individuals counted at...
Dwarf mistletoes (Arceuthobium species) influence many processes within forested ecosystems, but few studies have examined their distribution in relation to climate. An analysis of 1549 forested plots within a 14.5 million ha region of southeast Alaska provided strong indications that climate currently limits hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense (Rosendahl) G.N....
It is well known that the Fibonacci numbers can be expressed in the
form Round {1/√5 λ₀[superscript n]} where λ₀ = (1 + √5)/2. [Knu75] We look at integer sequences which are solutions to non-negative difference equations and show that if the equation is 1-Bounded then the solution can be...
The factors that control the explosivity of silicic volcanoes are critical for hazard assessment, but are often poorly constrained for specific volcanic systems. Mount Hood, Oregon, is a somewhat atypical arc volcano in that it is characterized by a lack of large explosive eruptions over the entire lifetime of the...
Describing the ocean habitats used by Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha is an important step towards understanding how environmental conditions influence their population dynamics. We used data from archival tags that recorded time, temperature and pressure (depth) to define the coastal habitats used by Chinook near Oregon and California during the...
Discusses options for managing major insect pests and diseases of conifers in Oregon forests: bark beetles, wood borers, and ambrosia beetles; defoliators; aphids, adelgids, and scale insects; terminal and branch insects and pitch moths; root diseases; stem decays; foliage diseases; canker diseases and canker-causing rust diseases; and mistletoes. Extensive references...
Designed for forest owners and managers who want to prevent and manage insect damage in living trees (does not cover insects that infest dead wood). Six chapters discuss insects that affect tree foliage, shoots and twigs, trunks and large branches, and roots. Explains the effects of forest practices, such as...
The subarctic-subtropical transition zone in the North Pacific represents the second largest sink of
atmospheric carbon dioxide in the world ocean, yet the relative importance of physical and biological processes in
this uptake is debated. In a step toward understanding the spatiotemporal variability of environmental,
physiological, and ecological factors that...
An outbreak of Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopk., began in 1969 in the North Fork Clearwater River drainage in northern Idaho. This infestation probably resulted from trees felled during clearing for the Dworshak Reservoir, from ice and snow breakage which occurred during the winter of 1968-69 in stands adjacent to...