We used radio and acoustic telemetry to study the behavior and survival of wild steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead outmigrants in a small coastal estuary during two years. Survival was generally low for hatchery fish but more variable, both within and between years,...
In the existing 276 international river basins, the increase in water variability projected by most climate change scenarios may present serious challenges to riparian states.This research maps the institutional resilience to water variability in transboundary basins and combines it with both historic and projected variability regimes, with the objective of...
Investigations of 16S rRNA gene sequences hallmark modern microbiology. These sequences provide culture-independent insight into the abundance and distribution of microbiota and serve as a principle resource through which microbial community diversity is measured. Consequently, researchers rely on 16S gene sequences to test hypotheses rooted in ecology, evolution, and disease....
The fungus Cochliobolus victoriae causes Victoria blight of oats and Arabidopsis and is pathogenic due to its production of a compound called victorin, which induces programmed cell death in sensitive plants. Victorin sensitivity in Arabidopsis is conferred by the dominant gene LOCUS ORCHESTRATING VICTORIN EFFECTS1 (LOV1), which encodes a coiled-coil-nucleotide...
A transaminase (aminotransferase, EC 2. 6. 1) was extracted and
purified approximately 148-fold from shoot tips of pea (Pisum sativum
L. cv. Alaska) seedlings and some properties of the enzyme were
determined. The purification included acetone precipitation followed
by column chromatography on hydroxylapatite.
With a-ketoglutarate as co-substrate, the acetone precipitated...
Shoot apex senescence is defined as the collective progressive
and deteriorative processes which ultimately terminate the functional
life of the shoot apex. Senescence of shoot apices of Pisum sativum
L. 'Alaska' as measured by cessation of stem elongation was delayed
by removal of flowers and by treatment with gibberellin A₃...
The forest alpine tundra ecotone (FTE, also known as alpine treeline or subalpine parkland), is a conspicuous feature of mountain landscapes throughout the world. Climate change-driven increases in temperature are believed to result in FTE movement and tree invasion of subalpine meadows, which have been documented throughout the Northern Hemisphere...
Excessive nitrates in drinking water pose a human health threat, especially to infants. Methemoglobinemia, or blue-baby syndrome, is a potentially fatal condition that inhibits the ability of red blood cells to bind and transport oxygen. Nitrates/nitrites have also been linked to such conditions as cancer, birth defects, and behavioral and...
In this paper a direct, constructive proof of the equivalence of the Normal Algorithm and Turing machine using the Turing machines NAS (Normal Algorithm Simulator) and NAC (Normal Algorithm Converter) is presented. The Turing machine NAS can simulate any particular Normal Algorithm, and NAG can convert the quintuples of a...
Chironomidae occurring in stabilization lagoons were studied
from 1964 to 1966 in Oregon. Observations of other insects and
their impact on the lagoon environment are included. Quantitative
data were obtained from two lagoons near Corvallis and qualitative
observations from preliminary work on two other lagoons are reported.
The objectives of...
Environmental DNA sequencing has revealed the expansive biodiversity of microorganisms
and clarified the relationship between host-associated microbial communities and host
phenotype. Shotgun metagenomic DNA sequencing is a relatively new and powerful
environmental sequencing approach that provides insight into community biodiversity and
function. But, the analysis of metagenomic sequences is complicated...
Livestock grazing is the prominent land use in Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis [Beetle & A. Young] S.L. Welsh) steppe and has been present since the late 1800’s. There have been calls to remove livestock grazing from rangelands as historic grazing practices resulted in the degradation of some...
Hop downy mildew is a devastating disease affecting hop requiring expensive
fungicide applications throughout the growing season. Plant resistance is highly
desirable and theorized as being decidedly quantitative with dominance and epistasis
involved in resistance. An association mapping approach using a mixed-model was
used to identify AFLP markers associated with...
Effective and sustainable fisheries management not only depends on identifying and defining stocks (fundamental unit of management), but also on having knowledge of factors influencing the abundance, distribution and connectivity of stocks. Population structure of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in the southeastern Bering Sea (EBS) remains unresolved although genetic data...
Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) is an important species, both economically and ecologically in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands (BSAI). However, little is known about its spawning dynamics. To address this knowledge gap, I developed a gross anatomical maturity key for Pacific cod to assess temporal and spatial patterns of...
This is a listing of both PhD and Master's· theses relating to the areas of forestry issued during the period from July 1976 to June 1981. The
list is arranged first by state, then by college or university within each state. Authors of theses are arranged alphabetically under each of...
The National Forest System (NFS) of the United States plays an important role in the carbon cycle because
these lands make up a large proportion of the forested land in the country and commonly store more wood
per unit area than other forest ownerships. In addition to sustaining natural resources,...
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a,⇑, Thomas R. Whittier b
aUSDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson
Microbial communities in Arctic coastal lagoons drive biogeochemical cycles at the terrestrial-marine interface and help to determine the fate and form of resources like nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) as they are delivered to the Arctic Ocean. Though rising rates of primary production in the Arctic Ocean are well-characterized, the...
Broad-scale estimates of above ground forest biomass (AGB) are typically produced by applying individual-tree equations to inventory data consisting of measurements from probabilistically or purposively selected trees. The associated uncertainty for these estimates depends primarily on three sources of error that interact and propagate: (1) measurement error, the quality of...
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may exert profound influences on ecosystem resilience and invasion resistance in western North American sagebrush steppe and other arid rangeland plant communities. Maintenance of plant community structure through ecological feedbacks such as facilitation of nutrient cycling and uptake by host plants, physical and chemical contributions to...
Variations in ocean conditions influenced by climate fluctuations may impact fish populations by changing their spatial distribution, physiology, survival, and other ecological features. Somatic growth is a crucial aspect of the biology of fishes and an important contributor to biomass fluctuations. Climate variability also affects somatic growth rates along the...
The majority of the Earth's shallow crust is composed of basalt that erupted on the seafloor and was subsequently altered by chemical exchange with seawater. One aspect of this alteration is the replacement of glass by secondary minerals, including clays. Petrographic thin sections from ODP Holes 504B and 896A revealed...
Potentially relevant literature for the years 1990-1999 was identified by (a) conducting keyword searches of computerized bibliographic databases, especially CAB Abstracts and Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts, (b) reading through the tables of contents of a few especially relevant journals, (c) searching the internet for pertinent bibliographies, and (d) to...
Uncertainty in above ground forest biomass (AGB) estimates at broad-scale depends primarily on three sources of error that interact and propagate: measurement error, model error, and sampling error. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compare the total propagated error for two sets of regional-level component equations for lodgepole pine AGB, and...
Symbiosis is the close and protracted interaction between organisms. The molecular interactions that occur during symbiosis are complex with multiple barriers that must be overcome. Many Gram-negative, host-associated bacteria use a type III secretion system to mediate associations with their eukaryotic hosts. This secretion system is a specialized apparatus for...
L-pipecolic acid (L-PA) is the higher homolog of proline. It occurs naturally in
many organisms, including primates, as an intermediate in lysine degradation. The
pathway by which lysine is converted into L-pipecolic acid employs the enzyme Lpipecolate
oxidase (L-PO), and appears to be tissue specific to the central nervous system...
Managers of forest and plantation ecosystems are encountering growing problems involving plant pathogens and the expanding geographic ranges of these pathogens. Historically unexposed stands are exceptionally vulnerable when a non-native pathogen is introduced because these pathogens can cause devastating disease in a host population that lacks co-evolved resistance mechanisms. One...
The focus of this thesis is to design, characterize, and apply novel computational methods and molecular systems to interrogate heterogeneous human gut microbiome-related phenomena. In Chapter 2, I design, implement, and characterize a method for embedding co-occurrence patterns derived from massive 16s amplicon datasets. I use this method to 1....
It is well known that the ratio of ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) ranges widely in soils, but no data exist on what might influence this ratio, its dynamism, or how changes in relative abundance influences the potential contributions of AOA and AOB to soil nitrification. By sampling...
"This publication has presented an overview of current research on MPC joints in wood trusses. The literature search was primarily of U.S. sources, with some effort to obtain literature from other parts of the world. An enormous amount of important information has been amassed by studies on testing procedures and...
Heavy timber framing relies primarily on bracing to withstand lateral loads due to earthquakes and wind events. Bracing configurations in heavy timber framed buildings vary widely and include cross bracing, knee bracing, and other geometries. Many heavy timber frames constructed during colonial American times are still standing, exceeding the expected...
The clotting protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) binds to platelet receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) when VWF is activated by chemicals, high shear stress, or immobilization onto surfaces. Activation of VWF by surface immobilization is an important problem in the failure of cardiovascular implants, but is poorly understood. Here, the authors...
Changes in the type and amount of plant inputs can occur gradually, as with succession, or rapidly, as with harvesting or wildfire. With global change it is anticipated that both gradual and immediate scenarios will occur at increasing frequency. Changes in vegetation inputs alter the quality and quantity of soil...
BACKGROUND: In light of the changes in precipitation and soil water availability expected with climate change,
understanding the mechanisms underlying plant responses to water deficit is essential. Toward that end we have
conducted an integrative analysis of responses to drought stress in the perennial C₄ grass and biofuel crop,
Panicum...
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Aspinwall2,3, David B Lowry2, Juan Diego Palacio-Mejía2, Tierney L Logan2, Philip A Fay4
and Thomas E Juenger2
Biotic and abiotic processes at continent-ocean interfaces cycle a disproportionate mass of carbon and nutrients relative to their global surface area, and microbial activity is a principal determinant of organic and inorganic matter flux in these transition zones. Most studies using modern high-throughput ‘omics techniques to link microorganisms with costal...
Coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii) forests are extensive west of the crest of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon and Washington and are renowned for their productivity, biodiversity, and the ecosystem services they provide. Increasing wildfire activity in recent years including the extensive 2020 Labor Day fires, and a warming...
Coral reef ecosystems continue to be significantly altered by disease epizootics, but why some host populations remain resistant while others succumb to outbreaks remains unknown. Research across diverse animal and plant host systems has revealed that disease severity is strongly influenced by host genetics and by environmental influences on both...
The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and...
In many partially glacierized watersheds glacier recession driven by a warming climate could lead to complex patterns of streamflow response over time, often marked with rapid increases followed by sharp declines, depending on initial glacier ice cover and rate of climate change. Capturing such “phases” of hydrologic response is critical...
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,
Thomas Condom5, Pat Burns6,7, and Anne W. Nolin6
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Background: The identification of the loci and specific alleles underlying variation in quantitative traits is an important goal for evolutionary biologists and breeders. Despite major advancements in genomics technology, moving from QTL to causal alleles remains a major challenge in genetics research. Near-isogenic lines are the ideal raw material for...
Seasonality and drought in Amazon rainforests have been controversially discussed in the literature, partially due to a limited ability of current remote sensing techniques to detect its impacts on tropical vegetation. We use a multi-angle remote sensing approach to determine changes in vegetation structure from differences in directional scattering (anisotropy)...
We report malt quality QTLs relevant to breeding with greater precision than previous mapping studies. The distribution of favorable alleles suggests strategies for marker-assisted breeding and germplasm exchange.
This study leverages the breeding data of 1,862 barley breeding lines evaluated in 97 field trials for genome-wide association study of malting...
Background: DNA barcoding of rain forest trees could potentially help biologists identify species and discover new ones. However, DNA barcodes cannot always distinguish between closely related species, and the size and completeness of barcode databases are key parameters for their successful application. We test the ability of rbcL, matK and...
The process of plant speciation often involves the evolution of divergent ecotypes in
response to differences in soil water availability between habitats. While the same set of traits
is frequently associated with xeric/mesic ecotype divergence, it is unknown whether those
traits evolve independently or if they evolve in tandem as...
Carnivore predation on livestock often leads people to retaliate. Persecution by humans has contributed strongly to global endangerment of carnivores. Preventing livestock losses would help to achieve three goals common to many human societies: preserve nature, protect animal welfare, and safeguard human livelihoods. Between 2016 and 2018, four independent reviews...
Crystallographic studies of ligands bound to biological macromolecules (proteins and nucleic acids) represent an important source of information concerning drug-target interactions, providing atomic level insights into the physical chemistry of complex formation between macromolecules and ligands. Of the more than 115,000 entries extant in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) archive,...
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. Harris,8 Jorg Hendle,19 Thomas Holder,4 Andrzej Joachimiak,20 Gerard J. Kleywegt,21
(Author list