Fish, asymptomatically infected with Enteric Redmouth
Bacterium (ERMB), were tested for their ability to transmit
bacteria to non-infected fish. Unstressed carrier fish
were unable to transmit enough bacteria to cause
epizootics or produce carrier fish. However, when the
ERMB carriers were stressed with heat, sufficient bacteria
were shed to infect...
Crosses were made between a stock of summer steelhead (Salmo
gairdneri) known to be resistant to infection by Ceratomyxa
shasta and stocks of summer steelhead known to be susceptible.
Ceratomyxosis, the disease caused by C. shasta was initiated by
exposure to Willamette River water. I found that the crosses
were...
Tuberculosis in salmonoid fishes was first observed in the 1952 run of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) returning to the Bonneville Hatchery of the Oregon Fish Commission. In the studies reported here, tuberculosis was found not only in adult spring chinook but in silver salmon (0. kisutch), blueback salmon (0....
The Nehalem and North Fork Nehalem rivers are the major tributaries of Nehalem Bay, an estuary on Oregon's north coast (Fig 1). The winter steelhead (Salmo gairdneri) and related fisheries of both streams have been the object of a study which began in 1972. Some data from creel surveys were...
Mean weights, lengths, and condition factors of three isozyme
phenotypes of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme differed significantly
for experimentally reared winter steelhead trout (Salmo
gairdneri) fry. Time of emergence from the gravel was unrelated
to LDH phenotype. Relative mortality of the phenotypes between
eyed-egg stage and emergence was unaffected by...
Twenty-two steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) containing coded wire tags (CWT's) were captured in gillnets fished by the Oshoro-Maru in the Gulf of Alaska and along 180 during 1982-85. These fish originated from North American streams and hatcheries in British Columbia, Idaho, and Washington. One fish was age 0.1, 16 were...
Growth characteristics of otoliths were used to determine age, and to separate known races and stocks of steelhead trout (Salmo
gairdneri). Otoliths were the first calcified structures observed in X-ray photographs of steelhead embryos, and a continuous record of events through life was interpreted from these structures. A direct
relationship...
The migrations upstream of pre-spawned adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and
downstream of post-spawned steelhead (referred to as "kelts") can geographically and
temporally overlap in the Snake River, leading to management challenges for populations
listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). This thesis describes the development and
application of a method...
Hatchery O. mykiss that fail to emigrate to the ocean, referred to as residuals, present an ecological and genetic risk to naturally-produced species through resource competition, predation, and spawning interactions. The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan’s Wallowa stock steelhead program in northeast Oregon has established methods of reducing and quantifying...
In August 2011, the final Upper Willamette River basin salmon and steelhead recovery plan was adopted by NOAA Fisheries and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. The plan highlights a variety of activities that need to be taken by both public and private entities in order to recover these...
A study was conducted at the Pacific Cooperative Water Pollution
and Fisheries Research Laboratories, Oregon State University,
to determine the effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the early developmental
stages of the steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri). Experiments
were performed from May, 1965, through May, 1968, on the
survival, growth, and bioenergetics...
Anglers and naturelovers prize steelhead trout for their mystique and power. Oregon has two subspecies of steelhead (so-called because of the metallic appearance of maturing adults) or rainbow trout: a coastal form and an inland form.
Results of the first year of the Deschutes summer steelhead ecology and hatchery assessment. “This report covers the first year of a study of Deschutes summer steelhead ecology and factors limiting efficiency of hatchery production of summer steelhead smolts” (Contents).
This document summarizes the 1966-67 winter steelhead fisheries on the Alsea and Wilson Rivers, and describes the effects of the three-fish bag limit on total harvest on the Wilson River.
Numerous natural and anthropogenic chemicals interact with endocrine systems of
animals. The most widely studied of these endocrine active chemicals (EACs) are
estrogen receptor agonists and antagonists. Because of the many important roles of
estrogens in animals, xenoestrogens have the potential to impact environmental health. It
has been proposed that...
Snorkel dive estimates and an inventory of stream habitat of the juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population in the Steamboat Creek basin were made in the summers of 1987 and 1988. Emigration was
monitored by fish trapping from spring through fall of 1988. Distribution, abundance, and habitat utilization of juvenile steelhead...
This report the sizes for winter steelhead runs of the Willamette River and many of its tributaries from 1958-69, giving numbers and suggesting possible reasons for small runs.
Developing steelhead trout eggs and sac fry were examined for
wet, dry and lipid weights and for fatty acid composition over the
period from fertilization until the disappearance of the yolk sac, 69
days after fertilization. The yolk sac and embryo or fry were
separated shortly before hatching, and the...
Juvenile steelhead are known to associate with shiner groups, though they also compete for food. Steelhead form dominance hierarchies within cohorts and aggressively defend feeding territories against all other fish. This study focused on the differential effect of shiner competition on steelhead of different social standing.
Survival of subordinate juvenile...
The present study investigated the effects of stress and exercise on seawater (SW) adaptation and cortisol dynamics in juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To examine the effects of stress, fish acclimated to freshwater (FW) were subjected for 3 hours to confinement stress in FW, and subsequently SW (25 ppt) was introduced...
"This workshop was held to allow both research and management fish biologists to openly discuss the results of several ongoing projects designed to improve the way Oregon manages its steelhead populations." (from the Introduction) The report uses an extended abstract format.
Sympatric steelhead and resident rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are known
to exist in many rivers throughout the Pacific Rim. Whether sympatric steelhead and
resident rainbow trout are polymorphisms within a single gene pool or two reproductively
isolated populations has significant implications concerning the study and conservation of
this polytypic species....
Published August 1968. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Water temperature influenced interactions between redside
shiners and juvenile steelhead trout (≥1+) in the field and the
laboratory. Distribution of the two species within various habitats
was determined in three streams with different water temperature
regimes. The range of habitats occupied by trout in allopatry at
cool temperatures and at...
A number of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations are at risk throughout Oregon, including five populations that are federally listed as threatened or endangered. However, little is known about behavior and survival of these fish as they transition from freshwater to seawater. We investigated whether estuarine survival varies on a temporal...
An apparent increase in the survival rate of experimental groups of coho salmon was demonstrated after two generations of selective breeding. Recoveries of 2-year-old coho were obtained from experimental groups of interstock and intrastock parent crosses.
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Steelhead trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
The Oregon Fish Commission and Washington Department of Fisheries conducted a cooperative winter steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) tagging program on the Columbia River during the winters of 1954-55 and 1955-56. Objectives of the program were: (1) to obtain information on the timing of the various segments of the run; (2)...
Trapping migrating steelhead trout smolts was done in the spring and early summer of 1993 as part of the 1990 Umpqua National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan. Calf Creek was monitored to "validate smolt output estimates" and to "determine if changes in habitat quality are occurring." (Introduction)
Trapping migrating steelhead trout smolts was done in the spring and early summers of 1991 and 1992 as part of the 1990 Umpqua National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan. Calf Creek was monitored to "validate smolt output estimates" and to "determine if changes in habitat quality are occurring." (Introduction)
Gene expression profiles of tissues and cell-lines can be powerful tools for documenting the genetic response to a particular treatment, such as stressors. However, there is a paucity of information on the genetic stress response in the brain. Therefore, we attempted to profile gene expression in the brain of juvenile...
This study examined features of deep pool (>0.8 m mean depth) used by
adult summer steelhead in Steamboat Creek (1991-1992). Steamboat Creek had
a heterogenous thermal profile, with some segments exceeding preferred
temperature of steelhead. Deep pools were scarce (4% of the total habitat units)
and 39% of them were...
Published November 1964. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This study was undertaken to determine if strontium chloride could be used to create a trans-generational otolith mark in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). I completed two strontium injection trials and a survey of juvenile steelhead from various steelhead hatcheries. The two trials measured Sr:Ca ratios in otoliths in response to injections...
Numerous populations of salmon and trout undergo extensive migrations, migrating from freshwater to the sea and throughout ocean basins. Years later they return to their natal streams with remarkable accuracy and precision. The outward migration is accomplished without the benefit of following experienced migrants or prior individual experience. Evidence suggests...
Steelhead and rainbow trout are common names for marine-migratory (anadromous) and freshwater-resident forms of Oncorhynchus mykiss, a partially migratory salmonid fish. Anadromous and resident forms are sympatric and can produce offspring with a life history different from their own (i.e., steelhead parents can produce rainbow trout offspring and vice versa)....
I conducted a study to identify potential spawning habitat for anadromous salmonids above a 60-year-old hydropower dam in the headwaters of the North Umpqua River in Oregon. Like many other historical salmonid-bearing rivers, little documentation exists for anadromous fish presence above potential natural obstacles upstream of Soda Springs Dam. My...
Newly emerged steelhead fry (Oncorhynchus mvkiss) of hatchery and
wild origins were studied in laboratory stream channels and natural
streams. Objectives of the study were to determine if and how earlier
emerging hatchery fry influence the emigration, realized densities,
growth, habitat use, social structure, and activity patterns of
localized populations...
Three experiments were designed to determine if and how steelhead trout,
Oncorhynchus mykiss, may affect chinook salmon, O. tshawytscha, when they are
confined together as in a raceway or on a barge. We observed groups of chinook and
steelhead together and groups of only chinook in a behavioral experiment to...
Understanding the origin and nature of intra specific biodiversity enables us to better conserve and manage animal populations. Biological diversity is seen at different scales and for different traits such as behavior, morphology, physiology, and life history. Behavior is especially important since behavioral changes are believed to precede changes in...