The objective of this study was to compile, validate, and map minimum and maximum mean monthly temperature and temperature ranges for periods of 10 to 14 months between July 2009 and June 2012, measured using 16 to 182 sensors distributed over the HJ Andrews Forest, a mountain landscape of 64...
Background: While males generally outperform females in athletic tasks, the underlying mechanisms for this difference remain unclear. Explosive neuromuscular performance of the triple extensors, often investigated via rate of torque development (RTD), is crucial for athletic tasks such as a vertical jump. Purpose: To assess sex differences in rapid torque...
Lesser quadriceps explosive strength following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) may result in the use of altered landing mechanics that increase the risk for a second ACL injury. Reduced capacity to produce explosive strength in the quadriceps is potentially driven, at least in part, by quadriceps arthrogenic muscle inhibition...
Recent declines in nesting success of some fish-eating seabirds in Alaska have been attributed to declines in availability of certain schooling forage fishes (e.g., capelin Mallotus villosus, Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus, and Pacific herring Clupea harengus pallasi). These fishes tend to have high lipid content compared with other species...
Individuals who are parents and students on TANF experience challenges accessing and persisting in higher education. This study explored the experiences of TANF recipients who are navigating a return to higher education and the impact of college on how they construct a future self. Two theoretical frameworks were used to...
Capacitor discharge welding (CDW) is a rapid solidification joining process under
the influence of one-dimensional thermal gradients. Although CDW is useful for joining
small parts and dissimilar metals, CD welded joints have a large variability in weld
strength. CDW is not widely accepted because of a lack of automated process...
Miniature energy and chemical systems (MECS) are miniature thermal, fluid, and chemical devices in the mesoscale size range between a sugar cube and a human fist. MECS take advantage of improved rates of mass and heat transfer that have been observed at the microscale. There are many potential applications for...
How can an agent generalize its knowledge to new circumstances? To learn
effectively an agent acting in a sequential decision problem must make intelligent action selection choices based on its available knowledge. This dissertation focuses on Bayesian methods of representing learned knowledge and develops novel algorithms that exploit the represented...
The procedure of forest level harvest scheduling
incorporates many inputs of an uncertain nature. Forest
management planners must be aware of the possible effects of
the use of erroneous input information on the results of
their planning. With that knowledge they can better plan a
risk management strategy and make...
Micromanufacturing consists of processes for producing structures, devices or systems with feature sizes measured in micrometers. Micromanufacturing began in the mid-1960's with microelectronics fabrication technology. In the 1980's, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) began to be developed, in which electrical and mechanical subsystems were integrated at small scales. More recently, Microtechnology-based Energy...
The miniaturization of energy, chemical and biological systems for distributed and portable applications, known as process intensification, is realized by the enhancement in heat and mass transfer performance within high surface-to-volume ratio microchannels. Fabrication of devices for process intensification is achieved in part by microlamination techniques. These techniques consist of...
Interest in social-emotional and character development (SECD) programming has intensified in recent years. SECD-related programs often seek to enhance a variety of health-related outcomes by addressing multiple influences and embracing a comprehensive approach that includes youth, school personnel, families, and communities. Alongside a comprehensive approach arises the need for a...
Modern commercial air travel is considered by most transportation specialists to be the safest of all forms of transportation. While safe, any loss of life is tragic and the only really acceptable state of commercial air transport safety is that of 'zero-tolerance' where no accident is acceptable.
Research has demonstrated...
This thesis explores the relationship between crime, transportation network connectivity, and engineered facilities built to increase walkability through a case study of twenty-five sites within the city of Spokane, Washington. Using data spanning between 2008 and 2010, the author developed a GIS model representing conditions of the built environment, social...
For Pacific salmon, the evolution of local adaptations depends upon the species' propensity to return, or "home", to natal streams at time of reproduction. Pacific salmon use olfactory cues to guide homing behavior, yet little is known about the genetics of olfaction in salmon. In this study, I use putatively...
Health officials have recently been sounding the alarm that depression will soon
surpass many of the major medical conditions in causing disability among adults. Recent
demographic and health trends are generating public health concern about depression.
First, the prevalence of chronic conditions has dramatically increased over the last several
generations....
Previous work has developed the What You See Is What You Test (WYSIWYT) methodology for testing spreadsheets. This methodology has been shown to help end users test, debug, and modify spreadsheets. To date, however, this system has provided no support for creating, reusing, and managing test cases, a process that...
Over 100 years separate the 1918 Influenza and COVID-19 pandemics, and a multitude of science, public health and communication advancements have emerged. With the COVID-19 pandemic still underway, recently reaching the one million death mark in the United States alone (CDC, 2020), researchers are searching for clues as to how...
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Marc Braverman, Committee Member, representing the College of Public Health and
Human Sciences
In a Modular High Temperature Gas Reactor (MHGTR), the Pressurized Conduction Cooldown (PCC) event is an accident scenario in which there is a loss of forced convection of the coolant through the system but the pressure boundary remains intact. When the PCC event occurs, natural circulation onsets which results in...
Sodium cooled nuclear reactors are being considered for the next generation of nuclear power plants to provide clean electricity to the world. To prove the safety of these reactors, the fuel must be shown to safely handle large neutron fluxes that cause a spike in the thermal output of the...
Recent efforts show that microchannel technologies have much to offer the field of nanomanufacturing: the structuring of matter on the order of one billionth of a meter. During the synthesis of nanomaterials, microchannel reactors take advantage of large surface-to-volume ratios to accelerate heat and mass transport. This accelerated transport allows...
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Brian K. Paul
Recent efforts show that microchannel technologies have much to offer the
Diffusion bonding cycle times can be a large cost factor in the production of metal microchannel devices. The challenge is to significantly minimize this cost by reducing the bonding cycle time through rapid and uniform heating and cooling within the bonding process. Heating rates in diffusion bonding processes are typically...
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Brian K. Paul
Diffusion bonding cycle times can be a large cost factor in the production of
Neotropical characiform fishes form one of the most diverse freshwater ichthyofauna in the world. Knowledge of evolutionary processes that generated and maintain the immense characiform lineage and morphological diversity is still poorly understood. When did characiform lineages diversify? How have major geological and environmental changes affected diversification? Why are some...
In this work, continuous synthesis routes for binary nanoparticles using advantages of microchannel mixing (low diffusion distances and higher mass transfer) and fast heating rates provided by ultrasound induced heating are investigated. In addition, the application of silica nanoparticles in anti-reflective coatings on glass and understanding the structure property-performance correlation...
This work is a compilation of problems that deal with multiscale analysis of transport phenomena in environmental systems. A common feature among the problems studied here is the presence of non-negligible microscale structure in various forms. Each problem is approached from the perspective that a macroscopic observable encodes aspects of...
Garden-based learning (GBL) with young people has long been viewed as an educational experience capable of teaching numerous types of science content including general science, technology, engineering and math (STEM), as well as discipline specific areas such as biology, horticulture, agriculture and nutrition. However, much of the GBL literature focuses...
Interest by public health organizations in scaling-up efficacious health interventions is increasing as the prevalence of arthritis increases and treatment becomes more costly. Although arthritis evidence-based interventions (EBIs) have been found efficacious in improving healthy behaviors and the ability to self-manage symptoms, little research has examined whether scaled-up delivery of...
The role of disturbance in seed germination and first-year survival of red alder (Alnus rubra) was studied over two growing seasons at four sites representing a climatic gradient within the central Coast Range of Oregon. Disturbance affected red alder seed
germination and seedling establishment by altering the temperature and moisture...
Statistically-based estimation techniques are presented
in this study. These techniques incorporate structural test
data to improve finite element models used for dynamic
analysis.
Methods are developed to identify optimum values of the
parameters of finite element models describing structures.
The parameters which may be identified are : element area,
mass...
Rates of electronic cigarettes (or “e-cigarettes”) use among youth are so high that the Surgeon General declared them to be of “epidemic proportions” (A Report of the Surgeon General, 2012). If these rates go unchanged, e-cigarettes will likely be responsible for the creation of a new generation of combustible cigarette...
The purpose of my thesis is to recognize the social injustice that existed in France 20 years ago and continues to result in social dysfunction today. I have used the film La Haine (dir. Mathieu Kassovitz, 1995) to examine past events in France’s history and have compared them to more...
Soil organic matter (SOM) is the result of the balance between decomposition and incorporation of detritus from both above and below ground sources into the soil. It composes only a fraction of the soil by mass but it is one of the most critical components. The Detritus Input and Removal...
This study investigated the effects of diversification strategy through the inclusion of forb and legume based pastures in the feedbase of dairy cows on annual forage production, botanical composition, spring milk yield, N partitioning and methane emissions from dairy cows in Western Oregon. Using a randomized complete block design, 3...
Since the late 1970s, archaeology has grown into an industry whose
practitioners work in both public and private sectors. As an industry, modern
archeology is commonly known as Cultural Resources Management, or CRM. CRM
emerged from a surplus of employment opportunities made available to archeologists
after the passing of National...
Kincaid's lupine (Lupinus oreganus Heller) is a federally listed threatened species native to remnant grassland of western Oregon and southwestern Washington, and is the primary larval host plant of a once thought extinct butterfly, Plebejus icarioides fenderi Macy. Past studies concerning Kincaid's lupine reproduction
suggested that populations may suffer reductions...
Aggregation and species association of 9 species of phytophagous and
predaceous mites were studied for 6 yr in an orchard with 100, 2 m tall 'Red
Delicious' apple trees. To quantify aggregation, a method was developed that is
powerful, and easily interpreted. It relates the proportion of habitat occupied to...
The Generation IV Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) design is being actively
studied in various countries for application due to its inherent passive safe design,
higher thermal efficiencies, and proposed capability of providing high temperature
process heat. The pebble bed core is one of two core designs used in gas...
Materials which can be changed in shape and size when exposed to a magnetic field are called magnetostrictive materials. The magnetostrictive material was developed for use in the many actuator industries. A single crystal of magnetostrictive material is used to maximize its magnetostrictive response. It can be produced by the...
During summer of 1998 and 1999, 34 and 10 vineyard sites, respectively, were sampled to assess spider mite pests and associated biological control by phytoseiid mites. Vineyards studied spanned five major valleys in western Oregon where grape production occurs. Leaf samples were taken from site perimeters and centers. One leaf...
The miniaturization of Microtechnology-based Energy, Chemical and Biological Systems (MECS) is made possible by the use of high aspect ratio microchannel arrays to increase the surface-area-to-volume ratio of the flow conduits within the devices, resulting in an improvement in the heat and mass transfer performance of the devices. However, advantages...
This work focuses on solute mass transport in a highly heterogeneous two-region porous medium consisting of spherical low-hydraulic conductivity inclusions, embedded in a high-hydraulic conductivity matrix. The transport processes occuring in the system are described by three distinct time scales. The first time scale reflects the characteristic time for convective...
This dissertation details the application of digital image correlation (DIC) in novel methods for mechanical testing and shape characterization. The first usage manifested in the development of a novel composite test specimen that provided the ability to characterize the matrix compression energy release rate at initiation and subsequent crack propagation....
This work focuses primarily the development of methods for imaging microbial biofilms in opaque porous media using x-ray computed microtomography (CT). Two methods for evaluating biofilms in porous media are presented. The first focuses on the addition of silver-coated, hollow glass microspheres to a biofilm-containing micro-model. The silver-coated microspheres affix...
Computer decision aids can help integrate and apply diverse sources of information and expertise to problems of integrated pest management (IPM) in agriculture and forestry. AppleMgr combines a rule-based expert system with databases and spreadsheets in a prototype decision aid intended to be expanded and modified for use by extension...
Thousands of children and adults suffer from fine motor skill deficits due to developmental disabilities or brain trauma. In order to acquire or reclaim these precision motor movements, occupational therapists work closely with each patient to develop the muscle memory required for completing tasks such as handwriting or drawing. Although...
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Brian K. Bay
Thousands of children and adults suffer from fine motor skill deficits due to
Several 316 stainless steel meso-scopic devices were made using a diffusion
soldering process. Tensile strength and pressure drop of the devices were
measured and metallurgical examinations were made of the joints. Continuous
bonds were observed in the sample cross-section specimens. Strengths of the
diffusion soldered joints were up to 56%...
The paper describes a Thermally-Enhanced Edge Registration (TEER) technique for precision aligning large numbers of laminae in diffusion bonding processes. This technique is particularly relevant for the formation of micro heat exchangers and microreactors requiring highly paralleled microchannel arrays but is also being used to register other laminated devices with...