Steel corrosion in reinforced concrete is a major concern to transportation agencies nationwide because of the expenses incurred for repair and ultimate shortening of bridge life. Cathodic protection (CP), as a remedy, has been applied to reinforced bridges in the US since 1974. However, application of this technique is largely...
A low pressure halide transport chemical vapor deposition (HTCVD) system to grow ZnS:Mn electroluminescent phosphors is characterized. Reactor parameters such as gas composition, gas flow rate, and source and substrate temperature are investigated. Crystal structure is investigated using x-ray diffraction, electron spin resonance, and transmission electron microscopy. Chemical characterization includes...
A gas phase kinetic model for the CF₄/O₂ microwave discharge plasma and afterglow of our laboratory has been developed. A reaction pathway identifying the major chemical reactions is proposed. The rate coefficients of the electron impact dissociation reactions are determined at three different plasma powers using both published electron molecule...
Process development of halide transport chemical vapor deposited (HTCVD) ZnS:Mn thin film has been studied. To this end, electrical characterization of HTCVD ZnS:Mn electroluminescent devices has been used. Process optimization focused on a simple design of experiment (DOE) with brightness as the major response. Deposition parameters such as HCl and...
Chloride ion migration was studied under accelerated cathodic protection conditions using 6" x 6" x 6" mortar blocks of varying initial chloride content and water to cement ratios. An iron mesh embedded parallel to one face in the blocks acted as the cathode and zinc was thermally sprayed on the...
Various methods of estimating the fault probabilities based on defect data of random defects seen in integrated circuit manufacturing are examined. Estimates of fault probabilities based on defect data are less costly than those based on critical area analysis and are potentially more reliable because they are based on actual...