The steady Reynolds stress and turbulent energy equations for steady, horizontally homogeneous mean flow are used to relate the Reynolds stress u′w′ to the mean wind shear and heat fluxes in the planetary boundary layer.
The resulting Reynolds stress demonstrates a 3/2 power dependence on the stress Richardson number and...
Steady, longitudinally invariant, barotropic, boundary layer flow is numerically studied at low latitudes where advective accelerations may he large and the Coriolis parameter is small. Flow is generated by specifying the pressure gradient field independent of the flow.
It is found that as the flow approaches the equator, advective terms...
This study evaluates the prediction of heat and moisture fluxes from a new land surface scheme with eddy correlation data collected at the old aspen site during the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) in 1994. The model used in this study couples a multilayer vegetation model with a soil model. Inclusion...
Eddy‐correlation fluxes are compared to air‐sea fluxes predicted by a widely used bulk flux formulation without wave‐state effects. Systematic discrepancies are found. For example, the model approximately equates the roughness lengths for heat and moisture; however, the observed roughness length for heat (zoh) exceeds that for moisture (zoq) by an...
The stable nocturnal boundary layer is commonly viewed or modelled as a balance between the temperature tendency (cooling) and vertical heat-flux divergence. Sometimes the radiative-flux divergence is also included. This perspective has dictated the design of field experiments for investigating stable nocturnal boundary layers. Tower-based micrometeorological data from three field...
Vertical profiles of the time-averaged wind stress, wind speed and buoyancy flux from the off-shore tower site in the Risø Air Sea Experiment are used to evaluate similarity theory in the coastal zone. The observed dependence of the non-dimensional wind shear on stability is compared to the traditional parametrization. Relationships...
The sublimation of snow and evaporation of melted snow is contrasted between brush, grass and bare ground sites using eddy-correlation data. Averaged over the entire winter season, the evaporation/sublimation is about 20% greater over the brush site than the bare ground site, apparently due to greater supply of snow. Blowing...
Using eddy correlation data collected by the LongEZ research aircraft, the adjustment of atmospheric flow downstream from a coastline is examined. Along-shore variation of the turbulence over the water is generated by the varying width of the upstream land strip between the sea and inland water. Over the coastal zone,...
The value of the effective exchange coefficient for area-averaged fluxes can depend significantly on the averaging scale. This dependence implies that the exchange coefficient in numerical models should depend on grid size. The main goal of this study is the assessment of the importance of such scale-dependence. When the large-scale...
The correlation between dimensionless shear ϕₘ and dimensionless height z/L, where L is the Obukhov length, for stable conditions is strongly influenced by self‐correlation for the present datasets. This effect is quite large for stronger stability but still significant for near‐neutral conditions. A conditional analysis of nocturnal stable boundary‐layer data,...