A new method is presented for estimating the vertical turbulent heat flux at the bottom of the daily mixed layer from the temperature data in the mixed layer and net solar irradiance data at the sea surface. We assume that fluctuations in the divergence of advective heat flux have longer...
Chemical and biological sensor technologies have advanced rapidly in the past five years. Sensors that require low power and operate for multiple years are now available for oxygen, nitrate, and a variety of bio-optional properties that serve as proxies for important components of the carbon cycle (e.g., particulate organic carbon)....
The presence of low-lying stratocumulus clouds and fog has been known to modify biophysical and ecological properties in coastal California where forests are frequently shaded by low-lying clouds or immersed in fog during otherwise warm and dry summer months. Summer fog and stratus can ameliorate summer drought stress and enhance...
The presence of low-lying stratocumulus clouds and fog has been known to modify biophysical and ecological properties in coastal California where forests are frequently shaded by low-lying clouds or immersed in fog during otherwise warm and dry summer months. Summer fog and stratus can ameliorate summer drought stress and enhance...
Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations
and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the
conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on
Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Full Text:
Status and Ecological Effects of the World’s Largest Carnivores
William J. Ripple,* James A. Estes
Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations
and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the
conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on
Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Full Text:
Carnivores
Status and Ecological Effects
of the World’s Largest Carnivores
William J. Ripple,* James A
Genetic factors such as decreased genetic
diversity and increased homozygosity can have detrimental
effects on rare species, and may ultimately limit potential
adaptation and exacerbate population declines. The Gulf
and Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic region has the
second highest level of endemism in the continental USA,
but habitat fragmentation and...
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(Fabaceae), a narrow endemic of the southeastern United States
Wade A. Wall • Norman A. Douglas • William A