In the spring of 1992 an optical closure experiment was conducted at Lake
Pend Oreille, Idaho. A primary objective of the experiment was to compare techniques
for the measurement of the spectral absorption coefficient and other inherent optical
properties of natural waters. Daily averages of absorption coefficients measured using
six...
Concurrent measurements of predator and prey δ¹⁵N isotope values demonstrated that a cross-shelf
isotopic gradient can propagate through a marine food web from forage species to top-tier predators and
indicate foraging areas at a scale of tens of kilometers. We measured δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N in muscle tissues of
thick-billed murres...
The non-ideal aqueous electrolyte simulator (NAELS) is composed of
three major parts: a Newton-Raphson non-linear optimization program written
by Weare, et al (1987); an activity coefficient subroutine for non-ideal
electrolyte systems based on Pitzer's model; and an extensive, user expandable
database. It is robust, stable, and requires neither thermodynamic data...
We developed a new climate-sensitive vegetation state-and-transition simulation model (CV-STSM) to simulate future vegetation at a fine spatial grain commensurate with the scales of human land-use decisions, and under the joint influences of changing climate, site productivity, and disturbance. CV-STSM integrates outputs from four different modeling systems. Successional changes in...
Estimating the abundance of long-lived, migratory animals is challenging but essential
for managing populations. We provide the first abundance estimates of endangered humpback
whales Megaptera novaeangliae from their breeding grounds in Oceania, South Pacific.
Using fluke photo-identification (1999−2004, n = 660 individuals) and microsatellite genotypes
(1999−2005, n = 840 individuals),...
4-nonylphenol (NP), a surfactant degradation product, is an unregulated, ubiquitous aquatic contaminant and endocrine disruptor, for which aquatic life criteria are currently under development by U.S. EPA. The effects of NP on estuarine amphipods and chinook salmon fry were investigated, and this dissertation reports research into the impacts of NP...
The present studies investigated the cellular mechanisms for the detrimental effects of high dose whole body γ-irradiation on bone. In addition, radioadaptation and bone marrow transplantation were assessed as interventions to mitigate the skeletal complications of irradiation. Increased trabecular thickness and separation and reduced cancellous bone volume fraction, connectivity density,...
Adult onset progressive alopecia and leukotrichia developed in 2 registered black Angus cows, aged 6 and 7
years. Histopathologic findings in skin were prominent melanin clumping and degeneration of matrix cells with formation
of giant multinucleate cells within hair bulbs, accompanied by peribulbar melanin incontinence and fibrosis and dystrophic
hair...
The ocean plays a critical role in supporting human well-being, from providing food, livelihoods and recreational opportunities to regulating the global climate. Sustainable management aimed at maintaining the flow of a broad range of benefits from the ocean requires a comprehensive and quantitative method to measure and monitor the health...