Commonly proposed ocean wave energy converters (OWEC) use inefficient and maintenance demanding intermediate hydraulic and pneumatic systems. We propose a novel rotary direct-drive OWEC that eliminates these intermediate stages. The new device employs a contactless force transmission system (CFTS) comprising a “piston” and a “cylinder” and a ball screw to...
Water bodies act as chemical data loggers that contain tens of thousands of molecules that represent the sum of the biological, chemical, and physical processes occurring within a watershed. We hypothesize that unique chemical signatures present within a water sample can be informative of upstream processes. By extracting non-polar organic...
Methods that are applied to smooth distribution functions are useful in many applications. Areas of application include economics, financial markets and survival analysis. The empirical cumulative distribution function (ecdf) is unbiased and its asymptotic distribution is normal. However, the jump discontinuities of $\frac{1}{n}$ are undesirable in estimation because it makes...
The inherent and apparent optical properties of different ocean regimes are the basis for all optical remote sensing of the ocean. Ecological information derived from remote sensors therefore relies on having a detailed understanding of how particulate backscattering and absorption contribute to the bulk optical signal. The absorption
characteristics of...
The reflectance of the bottom is of importance when interpreting optical data in shallow water. Closure studies of radiative transfer, interpretation of laser line scanner data, lidar, and remote sensing in shallow waters require understanding of the bottom reflectance. In the Coastal Benthic Optical Properties experiment (CoBOP), extensive measurements of...
Measurements of inherent optical properties (IOP) were conducted over bottoms with different substrates by use
of a sampling package mounted on and operated by a SCUBA diver. It was found that in areas of low ambient
currents the distribution of IOP varies with bottom type in (1) its value relative...