The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), an instrument on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS), measures water vapor in the upper troposphere, with best sensitivity at the standard UARS level at 215 hPa. In this paper, we analyze the MLS observations with a view to characterizing the temporal and zonal variations...
We show the signature of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation (TIO) in upper tropospheric moisture and dynamical fields, roughly between 200 and 100 hPa. Relationships among these fields are examined using lag-correlation analysis and using multivariate extended empirical orthogonal functions (MEEOFs), which maximize the shared explained variance among several fields for...
Measurements of stratospheric water vapor by the Microwave Limb Sounder aboard the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite show that in the tropical lower stratosphere, low‐frequency variations are closely related to the annual cycle in tropical tropopause temperatures. Tropical stratospheric air appears to retain information about the tropopause conditions it encountered for...
Observations of water vapor with high temporal and spatial resolution and good horizontal coverage just above the tropical tropopause have been scarce, but a preliminary version of such data has been developed using radiance measurements of the Microwave Limb Sounder. These data reveal distinct variations with periods in the ranges...
High counts of fecal indicators, used to signal the potential presence of pathogens associated with untreated waste, result in the classification of water bodies throughout the United States as impaired. Nonpoint sources of unknown origin that contribute to fecal contamination make management of impaired waters challenging, as they are difficult...
Fecal pollution is measured in surface waters using culture-based measurements of
enterococci and Escherichia coli bacteria. Source apportionment of these two fecal indicator
bacteria is an urgent need for prioritizing remediation efforts and quantifying health risks
associated with source-specific pathogens. There are a number of quantitative real-time
PCR (QPCR) assays...
We describe observations of tropical stratospheric water vapor q that show clear evidence of large‐scale upward advection of the signal from annual fluctuations in the effective “entry mixing ratio” qE of air entering the tropical stratosphere. In other words, air is “marked,” on emergence above the highest cloud tops, like...
Low nitrogen Chardonnay juice from an Oregon winery was fermented with a series of nutrient supplements, including diammonium phosphate (DAP), Fermaid K, Superfood, yeast extract, yeast hulls and thiamine. These treatments were evaluated for their contribution to the yeast assimilable nitrogen content (YANC) of the juice, which consists of the...
Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), (Halyomorpha halys, Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive species that damages numerous agricultural crops including grapes. Related damage include lower berry weight with increased exposure and cracked berries as a result of BMSB feeding activity. The insect is currently detected in 43 US states including Oregon,...