Deeply weathered soils in tropical rainforests and savannas are classified as Ferralsols according to the World References Bases for Soil Resources (WRB). Ferralsols are most nearly akin to the Oxisols order defined in the US Soil Taxonomy. The acidity, low cation exchange capacity, and strong phosphorus retention by the oxidic...
In the last decade, the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem has experienced a trend of increased severity of upwelling-driven coastal hypoxia. This thesis strove to examine the potential upper trophic level impacts of moderate and severe hypoxia in the CCLME. Initially I conducted a literature review of Pacific harbor seal...
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Markus Horning
In the last decade, the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME
Soils have a critical role in global carbon (C) cycling, containing one of the largest fast-cycling carbon stocks on earth. Robust representation of soil organic matter dynamics in Earth System Models is critical for future climate prediction. Current C cycling models assume that all C cycling in non-hydric (i.e. ‘upland’)...
Intimate associations with reactive metal species permanently protect soil organic matter (SOM) from microbial access and oxidation, contributing to the build-up of organic carbon (C) stocks in soils. It is increasingly recognized, however, that such associations can be reversible and that reactive metal species might even facilitate the oxidation of...
A rootstock trial was established in 1997 at the OSU Woodhall vineyard, located in the Southern Willamette Valley, which included two experiments. The first experiment was a factorial of four varieties grafted on to 9 rootstocks, and also as ungrafted vines (a split-plot design). The second experiment was a randomized...
The accurate prediction of winter injury caused by low-temperature events is a key component of the effective cultivation of woody and herbaceous perennial plants. A common method employed to visualize geographic patterns in the severity of low-temperature events is to map a climatological variable that closely correlates with plant survival....
Recent works have investigated use of the hydrogen isotopic composition of C₃₇ alkenones (δD[subscript K37s]), lipid biomarkers of certain haptophyte microalgae, as an independent paleosalinity proxy. I discuss herein the factors impeding such an application and identify the potential alternative use of δD[subscript K37s] measurements as a proxy for non-thermal,...
The endangered western stock of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) - the largest of the eared seals - has declined by 80% from population levels encountered four decades ago. Current overall trends from the Gulf of Alaska to the Aleutian Islands appear neutral with strong regional heterogeneities. A published...
Temperature data received post mortem in 2008–13 from 15 of 36 juvenile Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) that had been surgically implanted in 2005–11 with dual life history transmitters (LHX tags) indicated that all 15 animals died by predation. In 3 of those 15 cases, at least 1 of the...
Soils and sediments worldwide contain appreciable amounts of thermally altered organic matter (chars) of both natural and industrial origin. Additions of chars into soils are discussed as a strategy to mitigate climate change. Chars contain electroactive quinoid functional groups and polycondensed aromatic sheets that were recently shown to be of...
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†, Marco Keiluweit§,‡, Markus Kleber§,¶ , and Michael Sander†,* 5
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† Department of Environmental