The inner bark of Douglas-fir was successively extracted with ethanol-water (4:1 v/v), benzene-ethanol (2:1, v./iv), water, and 0.5% aqueous ammonium oxalate solution. The residue was reacted with acidified sodium chlorite, a commonly used reagent to separate lignin from carbohydrates. In general the reaction dissolves the lignin and leaves the carbohydrates...
This translation consists of excerpts from a book on Jiao Juyin, who was a distinguished director of Chinese spoken drama. The selections translated here highlight Jiao's two principal theories: the Theory of Mental Images and "On Nationalizing Spoken Drama." The first represents his adaptation of the Stanislavsky system; the second...