Soil respiration, or the combined CO₂ emissions from roots and soil microorganisms, constitutes one of the largest losses of carbon (C) from terrestrial ecosystems. The major drivers of soil respiration, which include soil moisture, temperature, and substrate quality, have been known for some time. Nevertheless,
correlations between these drivers and...
The ¹⁴CO₂ composition of plant and soil respiration can be used to determine the residence time of photosynthetically fixed carbon before it is released back to the atmosphere. To estimate the residence time of actively cycled carbon in a temperate forest, we employed two approaches for estimating the Δ¹⁴CO₂ of...
Full Text:
ecosystem respiration from a temperate deciduous forest in
Northern Wisconsin
ClaireL. Phillips1, Karis
The ¹⁴CO₂ composition of plant and soil respiration can be used to determine the residence time of photosynthetically fixed carbon before it is released back to the atmosphere. To estimate the residence time of actively cycled carbon in a temperate forest, we employed two approaches for estimating the Δ¹⁴CO₂ of...
Full Text:
forest
in Northern Wisconsin
ClaireL. Phillips1, Karis J. McFarlane2, Brian LaFranchi2,3, Ankur R
In Weyburn, Saskatchewan, carbon dioxide (CO₂) is injected into the Weyburn oilfield for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). Cenovus Energy Inc. operates more than 1000 active wells, processing plants, and hundreds of kilometres of pipeline infrastructure over a >100 km² area. While vehicle-based atmospheric detection of gas leakage would be convenient...
The ¹⁴CO₂ composition of plant and soil respiration can be used to determine the residence time of photosynthetically fixed carbon before it is released back to the atmosphere. To estimate the residence time of actively cycled carbon in a temperate forest, we employed two approaches for estimating the Δ¹⁴CO₂ of...
This report measures the effects of logging on the production and yield of Coho salmon, coastal cutthroat, and steelhead trout in small coastal streams. It contains descriptions of the physical and biological environment before logging, and describes some immediate effects of logging, such as such as a decrease in dissolved...
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus: hereafter sage-grouse) abundance and distribution in North America has declined over the last century. Many factors have contributed to this decline, including habitat loss and fragmentation from human development with an associated potential for increased predation. While human development has been connected to lower sage-grouse demographic...
Juniper (Juniperus spp.) woodlands are native but expanding ecological communities that were historically limited by the natural fire return interval of the sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) steppe. These woodlands are often a mix of pinyon pine (Pinus spp.) and juniper that have increased significantly over the last century. This expansion has...
Radiocarbon is an exceptionally useful tool for studying soil-respired CO₂, providing information about soil
carbon turnover rates, depths of production, and the biological sources of production through partitioning. Unfortunately, little
work has been done to thoroughly investigate the possibility of inherent biases present in current measurement techniques,
like those present...
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis that plagues domestic and wild ruminants globally. During the silent stages of Johne’s disease, infected animals intermittently shed bacteria for years prior to clinical diagnosis during advanced disease stages. This strategy allows MAP to...