Long-period global-scale electromagnetic induction studies of deep Earth conductivity are based almost exclusively on magnetovariational methods and require accurate models of external source spatial structure. We describe approaches to inverting for both the external sources and three-dimensional (3-D) conductivity variations and apply these methods to long-period (T≥1.2 days) geomagnetic observatory...
A remote sensing method to measure directional oceanic surface waves by three laser altimeters on the NOAA LongEZ aircraft is investigated. To examine feasibility and sensitivity of the wavelet analysis method to various waves, aircraft motions, and aircraft flight directions relative to wave propagation directions, idealized surface waves are simulated...
Climate projections indicate that ocean temperatures will continue increasing, potentially shifting the distribution of marine fish species and affecting the economics of the fishing industry and fishing communities. In this study, an integrated ecological-economic framework is used to evaluate the economic impacts of climate-driven species changes and assesses the value...
The transition from high school (HS) to college can prove to be a
difficult one for many HS students. In becoming acclimated
within the academic and social realm of a college experience the
individual is offered an opportunity to develop many lifestyle
habits such as diet, sleep and most notably...
Acetylene is a slow-binding inhibitor of the Ni- and Fe-containing dimeric hydrogenase isolated
from Azotobacter vinelandii. Acetylene was released from hydrogenase during the recovery from inhibition.
This indicates that no transformation of acetylene to another compound occurred as a result of the interaction
with hydrogenase. However, the release of C2H2...
Vibrio cholerae has adapted to a wide range of salinity, pH and osmotic conditions, enabling it to survive passage through the host and persist in the environment. Among the many proteins responsible for bacterial survival under these diverse conditions, we have identified Vc-NhaP1 as a K+(Na+)/H+ antiporter essential for V....
Repeated aircraft runs at about 33 m over heterogeneous terrain are analyzed to study the spatial variability of the mesoscale flow and turbulent fluxes. An irrigated area, about 12 km across, generates a relatively cool moist inland breeze. As this air flows out over the warmer, drier surrounding land surface,...
This study examines the spatial variability of ozone fluxes over flat heterogeneous terrain consisting of a patchwork of irrigated and nonirrigated surfaces. Fluxes of ozone and other quantities are computed from eight sequential flight legs of the Canadian Twin Otter research aircraft over the same track at 33 m above...
The aerodynamic temperature is required for prediction of the surface heat flux using Monin-Obukhov similarity. This "fictitious" temperature is not systematically equal to the actual air temperature near the surface and is not directly available from observations or in numerical models. The aerodynamic temperature is normally replaced with either the...
Global electromagnetic (EM) induction studies have been the focus of increasing attention during the past few years. A primary stimulus for this interest has been increased quality, coverage and variety of the newly available data sets especially from recent low-Earth-orbiting satellite missions. The combination of traditional ground-based data with satellite-borne...