Collocated Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery and
Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) 532 nm
total attenuated backscatter coefficients were used to identify 50 km scale segments
for ocean regions that had only a single layer of marine stratocumulus. On the basis of
whether the underlying ocean...
The response of already polluted marine stratocumulus to additional particles was examined by studying the clouds where two ship tracks cross. Nearly 100 such crossings were collected and analyzed using Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) multispectral imagery for the daytime passes off the western coast of the...
The 1-km advanced very high resolution radiometer observations from the morning, NOAA-12, and afternoon,
NOAA-11, satellite passes over the coast of California during June 1994 are used to determine the altitudes,
visible optical depths, and cloud droplet effective radii for low-level clouds. Comparisons are made between
the properties of clouds...
Ship tracks appearing in both the morning and afternoon Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery for the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the United States were used to study the morning-to-afternoon evolution of marine stratus polluted by underlying ships and nearby uncontaminated stratus. Analyzed 925-hPa winds were used...
A time history of the calibration coefficients for channels 1 and 2 of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the NOAA-12 and NOAA-15 spacecraft is presented. The history is based on reflectances observed for the interior zones of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets previously obtained with the...
Visible and near infrared reflectances from NOAA-14 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) daytime passes are used to derive optical depths at 0.55 μm, an index of aerosol type, continental or marine, and the direct effect of the aerosol on the top of the atmosphere and surface solar radiative fluxes...
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 4-km data were collected over the northeast Atlantic for May–August 1995–1999. Aerosol optical depth at 0.55 μm was retrieved in pixels identified as being cloud-free ocean. In pixels identified as containing clouds from single-layered, low-level cloud systems over oceans, the following cloud properties were...
Many investigations using satellite data have determined that aerosol optical depth and cloud cover are correlated and some have interpreted the correlation as evidence of an aerosol indirect effect on clouds. This study uses in situ aircraft observations taken during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), February–March 1999, and mostly over...
Observations of sunlight reflected from regions of sun glint are used to check the relative calibration of spectral radiances obtained with imaging radiometers. Reflectances at different wavelengths for sun-glint regions are linearly related. Provided that the atmosphere is reasonably transparent at the wavelengths, the aerosol burden is reasonably light, 0.64-μm...
Retrievals of cloud properties from satellite imagery often invoke the assumption that the fields of view are overcast when cloud-contaminated, even though a significant fraction are only partially cloud-covered. The overcast assumption leads to biases in the retrieved cloud properties: cloud amounts and droplet effective radii are typically overestimated, while...