Three-dimensional symmetric tensor fields have a wide range of applications in solid and fluid mechanics. Recent advances in the topological analysis of 3D symmetric tensor fields focus on the local behaviors of tensor fields at degenerate points, which usually form curves. In this paper, we make a number of observations...
The gradient of a velocity vector field is an asymmetric tensor field which can provide critical insight into the vector field that is difficult to infer from traditional trajectory-based vector field visualization techniques. We describe the structures in the eigenvalue and eigenvector fields of the gradient tensor and how these...
Most existing flow visualization techniques focus on the analysis and visualization of the vector field that describes the flow. In this paper, we employ a rather different approach by performing tensor field analysis and visualization on the gradient of the vector field, which can provide additional and complementary information to...
Visualizing asymmetric tensors is an important task in understanding fluid dynamics. In this paper, we describe topological analysis and visualization techniques for asymmetric tensor fields on surfaces based on analyzing the impact of the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the tensor field on its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. At the core...
With the use of a higher-order Euler formulation, we numerically study the reflection of an obliquely incident solitary wave at a vertical wall and compare results with the higher-order Kadomtsev-Petviashvili theory. A maximum amplification of 3.91 is achieved along the wall, nearly realizing the fourfold prediction by Miles (J. Fluid...
Collisions of counter-propagating solitary waves are investigated experimentally.
Precision measurements of water-surface profiles are made with the use of the laser
induced fluorescence (LIF) technique. During the collision, the maximum wave
amplitude exceeds that calculated by the superposition of the incident solitary waves,
and agrees well with both the asymptotic...
Impulsive forces on a box-shaped structure due to bore impact are investigated experimentally. Experiments are conducted in the laboratory by generating a Gaussian-shaped wave onto a step before impacting structures of three different cross-shore to long-shore length ratios. The relationship between measurements of the splash-up flow on the structure wall...
In the companion paper (Chen & Yeh, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 749, 2014, pp. 577–596), collisions of counter-propagating solitary waves were studied experimentally by analysing the measured water-surface variations. Here we study the flow fields associated with the collisions. With the resolved velocity data obtained in the laboratory, the flow...
The 11 March 2011 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami caused unprecedented
damage to well-engineered buildings and coastal structures. This report presents some notable
field observations of structural damage based on our surveys conducted along the Sanriku coast
in April and June 2011. Engineered reinforced concrete buildings failed by rotation due...
Post-tsunami field surveys in the Minami-Soma exclusion zone in the Fukushima Prefecture were delayed for 15 months after the 2011 Tohoku tsunami. The area was subject to access restrictions until June 2012 due to high radiation levels caused by the meltdown at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. The distribution...