Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The effects of low protein diets with varying levels of dietary energy and triticale (var: Flora) on the reproductive performance of medium white turkey breeder toms

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  • Three experiments were conducted to determine if a new variety of triticale (Flora) would maintain seminal production of Medium White (MW) breeder toms and to ascertain the minimal dietary crude protein (CP) required by breeder toms. In Experiment 1, 4 dietary treatments with 10 males each, were fed ad libitum from 28 to 45 weeks of age (WOA). The diets consisted of 13.9% CP corn-soy (C-S), 13.8% CP triticale-S (T-S), 8.5 and 5.6% CP (T) with 3139, 2898, 3042, and 2001 kilocalories (kcal) of metabolizable energy (ME), respectively. In Experiment 2, 49 toms were fed from 30 to 46 WOA, diets containing 13.9% CP (C-S), 9.4% CP (T-S), and 7, 5.7 and 3.2% CP (T) diets with 3139, 2981, 2557, 2145, and 1320 kcal ME/kg, respectively. In Experiment 3, 39 toms were fed ad libitum from 30 to 54 WOA, one of four diets containing 14% CP with 2892 kcal ME/kg (14%-2892 ME); 7% CP with 2919 kcal ME/kg (7%-2919 ME); 7% CP with 2719 kcal ME/kg (7%-2719 ME); and 7% CP with 2539 kcal ME/kg (7%-2539 ME). In Experiment 1, no differences were observed among the dietary treatments for semen volume (SV) and sperm cell concentration (SCC). In Experiment 2, packed sperm cell volume (PSCV) and SCC for the 3.2% CP diet were significantly lower (P<.05) than for breeder toms fed the 13.9%, 9.4 and 5.7% CP diets, respectively. Daily feed consumption increased as the CP and ME were reduced. In Experiment 3, SV was greater (P<.05) for toms fed the 7%-2719 ME diet as compared to 14%-2892 ME, 7%-2919 ME and 7%-2539 ME diets, while PSCV decreased (P<.05) only in toms fed the 7%-2539 ME diet. No significant differences for SCC, testicular weight, daily feed and energy consumption were observed among the dietary energy levels fed. Daily protein intake was higher for breeder toms fed the 14%-2892 ME diet, than the 2539, 2719, and 2919 ME diets containing 7% CP. Feeding the 7%-2919 ME diet resulted in reduced (P<.05) fertilizing capacity among the dietary treatments while the 7%-2539 ME significantly decreased the percentage of fertile eggs hatched and increased the percentage of pipped eggs within the 7% CP dietary treatments. It was concluded that the seminal production of MW breeder toms will be maintained when fed diets containing triticale (var: Flora). Ad libitum feeding of a 7% crude protein diet with 2719 kcal ME/kg maintained seminal production and fertilizing capacity of breeder toms.
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