Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Sizing and Performance of the Pendulum Power Take-Off Wave Energy Converter: Modularity and Chaotic Behavior

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  • Multiple wave energy converter (WEC) archetypes exist with varying power take-off (PTO) designs in the attempt to maximize ocean energy harnessed and converted into useful energy. The pendulum PTO is popular for its simple, yet robust functionality due to its internally located components and simple operation. Additionally, this PTO does not require direct contact with the ocean waves, giving it the convenient ability to act as a modular power system for ocean observing applications at sea. This is studied by examining the feasibility of a modular horizontal pendulum wave energy converter to power National Data Buoy Center’s Self-Contained Ocean Observations Payload (SCOOP) off the coast of Washington State, U.S. The effect on power output was studied when the pendulum's radius arm, mass, and PTO damping were varied. Results using Matlab toolbox WEC-Sim revealed positive correlation between radius arm length and mass to power output, where power maximized for optimal damping values. Seasonal trends in power were not significant, where a 20 kg pendulum mass was needed to meet the SCOOP base power requirement of 5 W throughout the year. Further investigation of the potential of the pendulum PTO studies the systems display of chaotic behavior and its affect on power output in a regular sea state. Chaotic behavior in the system was verified by it exhibiting sensitivity to initial conditions, topological transitivity, and dense periodic orbits. When varying wave height and period, PTO damping, and pendulum mass, design, and radius arm, power output is consistently generally greater when the system is exhibiting stable versus chaotic behavior. Exploration of chaotic behavior present in the pendulum PTO continued through simulations in irregular sea states. Verification was provided by the checking of asymptotic orbits, positive Lyapunov exponents, and chaotic attractors in Poincare maps. Although positive Lyapunov exponents and asymptotic orbits were present, the lack of a chaotic attractor concludes that chaotic behavior was not present in a realistic sea environment.
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